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QJM : Monthly Journal of the... Jun 2015Infantile hemangiomas (IH) are common pediatric tumors. This meta-analysis was performed to review the therapeutic efficacy and safety of pulsed dye laser (PDL) in the... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Infantile hemangiomas (IH) are common pediatric tumors. This meta-analysis was performed to review the therapeutic efficacy and safety of pulsed dye laser (PDL) in the treatment of IH.
METHODS
Seven databases were searched, including PubMed, OvidSP, Karger, Elsevier, EMBASE, Web of Science and Wiley Online Library. The review collected the characteristics of year of publication, hemangiomas cases, prior treatment, laser parameters, adverse side, pretreatment symptom, and number of response from all articles.
RESULTS
A total of 1580 studies were identified, the first round search retrieved 39 articles met inclusion criteria. Of those, only 13 articles with 1529 hemangiomas were included in the meta-analysis. This meta-analysis demonstrated an overall resolution rate of 89.1% with 6.28% incidence of adverse effect.
CONCLUSION
PDL may be the effective modality to decrease the proliferative phase and accelerate rates of involution and resolution with few adverse events.
Topics: Female; Hemangioma; Humans; Infant; Lasers, Dye; Male; Skin Neoplasms; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 25376585
DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcu206 -
Chemosphere Feb 2023The various ingredients and impurities that can be detected within tattoo inks have been associated with a myriad of dermatologic complications. Legislation regarding... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
The various ingredients and impurities that can be detected within tattoo inks have been associated with a myriad of dermatologic complications. Legislation regarding these antigenic substances varies widely around the world, with Europe serving as both the research and regulatory center on these intradermal formulations. Although industry is said to be moving away from metallic and metalloid pigments in exchange for organic or organometallic dyes, surveys of commercially available inks continue to detect these elements at concentrations considered unsafe for application into the dermis. In order to better assess the formulation and safety of tattoo ink, we present a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies quantifying restricted metals and metalloids in commercially available tattoo ink products. Among the papers selected, inconsistencies were noted in the degree of specificity by which ink products were identified and the elements sampled for. In addition, the analytical targets' valency and/or solubility were not always considered in accordance with regulation criteria. Of note, chromium, by total content and that of its regulated +6 valency, exceeded its maximum allowed concentration in nearly every sample tested. Total copper content exceeded the limit for soluble copper in half of inks sampled. In descending order, concentrations of cadmium, barium, mercury, soluble copper, arsenic, zinc, antimony, and lead violated regulations in one-sixth or fewer of samples tested. Cobalt and tin levels never violated regulation. Overall, our findings indicate that unsafe levels of restricted elements continue to be detected across studies, warranting further investigation under a regulatory lens.
Topics: Tattooing; Ink; Copper; Metalloids; Metals; Coloring Agents
PubMed: 36436582
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137291 -
The British Journal of Surgery Feb 2015Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is the standard of care for axillary staging in early breast cancer. Currently, no consensus exists on the optimal site of injection of... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is the standard of care for axillary staging in early breast cancer. Currently, no consensus exists on the optimal site of injection of the radioactive tracer or blue dye.
METHODS
A systematic review and meta-analysis of studies comparing superficial and deep injections of radioactive tracer or blue dye for lymphatic mapping and SLNB was performed. The axillary and extra-axillary sentinel lymph node (SLN) identification rates obtained by lymphoscintigraphy and intraoperative SLNB were evaluated. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95 per cent c.i. were estimated using fixed-effect analyses, or random-effects analyses if there was statistically significant heterogeneity (P < 0·050).
RESULTS
Thirteen studies were included in the meta-analysis. There was no significant difference between superficial and deep injections of radioactive tracer for axillary SLN identification on lymphoscintigraphy (OR 1·59, 95 per cent c.i. 0·79 to 3·17), during surgery (OR 1·27, 0·60 to 2·68) and for SLN identification using blue dye (OR 1·40, 0·83 to 2·35). The rate of extra-axillary SLN identification was significantly greater when deep rather than superficial injection was used (OR 3·00, 1·92 to 4·67). The discordance rate between superficial and deep injections ranged from 4 to 73 per cent for axillary and from 0 to 61 per cent for internal mammary node mapping.
CONCLUSION
Both superficial and deep injections of radioactive tracer and blue dye are effective for axillary SLN identification. Clinical consequences of discordance rates between the two injection techniques are unclear. Deep injections are associated with significantly greater extra-axillary SLN identification; however, this may not have a significant impact on clinical management.
Topics: Breast Neoplasms; Cohort Studies; Coloring Agents; Female; Humans; Image-Guided Biopsy; Injections; Intraoperative Care; Lymph Nodes; Lymphatic Metastasis; Lymphoscintigraphy; Radioactive Tracers; Radioisotopes; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 25511661
DOI: 10.1002/bjs.9673 -
European Journal of Surgical Oncology :... Apr 2016Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) has become a widely accepted staging procedure for both breast carcinoma and melanoma. The aim of our study was to systematically... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
PURPOSE
Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) has become a widely accepted staging procedure for both breast carcinoma and melanoma. The aim of our study was to systematically review different SLNB techniques and perform a meta-analysis for corresponding identification and false-negative rates.
METHODS
A systematic review of the literature on SLNB in patients with early stage breast carcinoma and melanoma was performed. Only original study groups were included. The SLN identification rate and false negative rate were pooled for patients with breast carcinoma or melanoma according to radiocolloid tracer, blue dye, indocyanine green (ICG), or a combination of a radiocolloid tracer with blue dye or ICG.
RESULTS
Between 1992 and 2012, a total of 154 studies (88 breast carcinoma and 66 melanoma) were reported that met our eligibility criteria. These studies included a total of 44,172 patients. The pooled SLN identification rate in breast carcinoma and melanoma patients using solely blue dye was 85% (range: 65-100%) and 84% (range: 59-100%), while for radiocolloid alone it was 94% (range: 67-100%) and 99% (range: 83-100%), respectively. Using a combination of radiocolloid and blue, identification rates were 95% (range 94-95%) and 98% (range: 98-98%).
CONCLUSIONS
The current meta-analysis provides data that favors the use of radiocolloid or radiocolloid combined with a blue dye for SLN identification. Performing SLNB with radiocolloid alone is the technique of choice for experienced surgeons, since blue dye has multiple disadvantages. SLNB using ICG as a fluorescent dye seems a promising technique for the near future.
Topics: Breast Neoplasms; Coloring Agents; Female; Humans; Indocyanine Green; Lymph Nodes; Lymphatic Metastasis; Melanoma; Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy
PubMed: 26853759
DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2015.12.007 -
Critical Reviews in Food Science and... 2022Autoimmune and inflammatory diseases affect innumerous people and are considered a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and sp can work as important...
Autoimmune and inflammatory diseases affect innumerous people and are considered a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and sp can work as important therapies in the approach of these diseases. For this reason the aim of this review is to evaluate the effects of or curcumin in five autoimmune and/or inflammatory diseases for instance, Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Osteoarthritis, Systemic Lupus Erythematous, Psoriasis, and Sclerosis. MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library were searched and PRISMA guidelines were used to build this systematic review. sp or curcumin have been gaining ground in the treatment of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases due to the wide range of bioactive compounds capable of exerting substantial anti-inflammatory and antioxidant actions. The effects can be associated with improvement of symptoms and induction of remission in Inflammatory Bowel Disease patients; reduction of erythema and induration of lesions in psoriasis; and slow down the disease progression in patients with sclerosis. Furthermore, curcumin shows effects equivalent to ibuprofen and diclofenac, without the adverse effects generally reported by patients. or its derivatives can be used safely and efficiently as adjuvants or as a main therapy for these diseases that increase year by year in the world population.
Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antioxidants; Curcuma; Curcumin; Humans; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
PubMed: 33938775
DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1850417 -
TheScientificWorldJournal 2014The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review of the literature on the efficacy of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (PDTa) on cariogenic dental biofilm. (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review of the literature on the efficacy of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (PDTa) on cariogenic dental biofilm.
TYPES OF STUDIES REVIEWED
Studies in vivo, in vitro, and in situ were included. Articles that did not address PDTa, those that did not involve cariogenic biofilm, those that used microorganisms in the plankton phase, and reviews were excluded. Data extraction and quality assessments were performed independently by two raters using a scale.
RESULTS
Two hundred forty articles were retrieved; only seventeen of them met the eligibility criteria and were analyzed in the present review. Considerable variability was found regarding the methodologies and application protocols for antimicrobial PDTa. Two articles reported unfavorable results.
PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS
The present systematic review does not allow drawing any concrete conclusions regarding the efficacy of antimicrobial PDTa, although this method seems to be a promising option.
Topics: Biofilms; Dental Caries; Dental Plaque; Humans; Light; Methylene Blue; Photochemotherapy; Photosensitizing Agents; Streptococcus; Tolonium Chloride
PubMed: 25379545
DOI: 10.1155/2014/824538 -
Chemosphere Jul 2020Carbon-based materials and their modifications have received significant attention over the last decades given the outstanding adsorption behavior toward various dyes... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Carbon-based materials and their modifications have received significant attention over the last decades given the outstanding adsorption behavior toward various dyes from aqueous solutions. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, the adsorption capability of dyes on carbon-based adsorbent materials (CBAMs) has been compiled. Further, the effects of process variables i.e., pH, adsorbent dosage, contact time, and initial concentration), adsorption kinetics, and isotherms were investigated while considering the classification of different groups of dyes and adsorbents. The Metafor package provides functions for conducting meta-analyses in R software. Electronic databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus were systematically searched based on Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) from January 1, 2009 to May 1, 2018. The following parameters were evaluated according to predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. After detailed screening and analysis, 835 articles were eligible for the review section. Among them, 87 studies met all quantitative criteria for the meta-analysis. The meta-analysis was performed using a random-effects model with a high heterogeneity (I = 99.99%). According to the evidence, basic dyes with n = 661 (∼50%) and powder activated carbon (PAC) sorbent with n = 752 (∼57%) have received the most attention among researchers. The results revealed that the mean of removal efficiency-based dyes classification was between 79.9 and 93.7% and the adsorption capacity was lied within the range of 76.8-303.6 mg/g. Meanwhile, the maximum adsorption capacity belongs to graphene families with Qm > 320 mg/g, while the minimum Qm was related to G and GAC with capacities of 108.5 and 110.7 mg/g, respectively. Pseudo-second-order kinetic model with 88.7% and Langmuir isotherm with 74% had the best fitting with the data studied. Baujat plot revealed that two studies (ID: 75 and 12) had the minimum influence on adsorption capacity with the highest dffits and cook's distance. According to the pooled data, the mean adsorption capacity varied between 140.90 and 208.25, with a mean of 174.57 mg/g across all studies. The results of Egger's test (t = 0.1332, p = 0.0844) and Begg's test (z = 0.8458, p = 0.3977) were not statistically significant, suggesting that no potential publication bias existed.
Topics: Adsorption; Charcoal; Coloring Agents; Graphite; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kinetics; Water Pollutants, Chemical
PubMed: 32092572
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126238 -
International Ophthalmology Mar 2021Pars plana vitrectomy is the gold standard for the treatment of idiopathic macular hole. Several chromovitrectomy dyes have been used to improve the visualization of the... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
PURPOSE
Pars plana vitrectomy is the gold standard for the treatment of idiopathic macular hole. Several chromovitrectomy dyes have been used to improve the visualization of the internal limiting membrane (ILM), including indocyanine green, trypan blue (TB), brilliant blue G (BBG), and triamcinolone acetonide (TA). We conducted a network meta-analysis (NMA) to establish the optimum concentration of chromovitrectomy dye-assisted ILM peeling for IMH.
METHODS
We searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library for relevant studies before January 2020. We performed a random-effects NMA using STATA version 15.1 to assess mean difference and odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals.
RESULTS
We identified twelve retrospective trails and five randomized controlled trials (RCTs), comprising 1 492 patients of IMH on stage II-IV for ILM peeling. The results of IMH closure rate show that the effect of ILM peeling without dye was better than 0.25% ICG, the effects of ILM peeling with 0.5% ICG or TA were better than without dye, and the effects of ILM peeling with 0.05% BBG, 0.15% TB, 0.5% ICG or 0.05% ICG were better than 0.25% ICG. Ranking probability analysis shows that the rates of IMH closure after ILM peeling with 0.15% TB or 0.05% BBG were better than nine other concentrations of chromovitrectomy dyes.
CONCLUSION
The 0.15% TB and 0.05% BBG were recommended as the better efficient treatment-assisted ILM peeling for IMH closure. For retina specialists who prefer to use ICG to assist ILM peeling, 0.05% ICG may be a good choice. However, high-quality large-scale RCTs are recommended to confirm the NMA results.
Topics: Basement Membrane; Coloring Agents; Epiretinal Membrane; Humans; Indocyanine Green; Network Meta-Analysis; Retina; Retinal Perforations; Retrospective Studies; Treatment Outcome; Visual Acuity; Vitrectomy
PubMed: 33392941
DOI: 10.1007/s10792-020-01656-2 -
Polymers Jun 2023Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) has been mostly used as a counter electrode to give a high performance of dye-sensitized solar cell... (Review)
Review
Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) has been mostly used as a counter electrode to give a high performance of dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC). Recently, PEDOT doped by carrageenan, namely PEDOT:Carrageenan, was introduced as a new material to be applied on DSSC as an electrolyte. PEDOT:Carrageenan has a similar synthesis process as PEDOT:PSS, owing to their similar ester sulphate (-SOH) groups in both PSS and carrageenan. This review provides an overview of the different roles between PEDOT:PSS as a counter electrode and PEDOT:Carrageenan as an electrolyte for DSSC applications. The synthesis process and characteristics of PEDOT:PSS and PEDOT:Carrageenan were also described in this review. In conclusion, we found that the primary role of PEDOT:PSS as a counter electrode is to transfer electrons back to cell and accelerate redox reaction with its superior electrical conductivity and high electrocatalytic activity. PEDOT:Carrageenan as an electrolyte has not shown the main role for regenerating the dye sensitized at the oxidized state, probably due to its low ionic conductivity. Therefore, PEDOT:Carrageenan still obtained a low performance of DSSC. Additionally, the future perspective and challenges of using PEDOT:Carrageenan as both electrolyte and counter electrode are described in detail.
PubMed: 37376370
DOI: 10.3390/polym15122725 -
International Journal of Environmental... Feb 2022Kapok fiber () belongs to a group of natural fibers that are mainly composed of cellulose, lignin, pectin, and small traces of inorganic compounds. These fibers are... (Review)
Review
Kapok fiber () belongs to a group of natural fibers that are mainly composed of cellulose, lignin, pectin, and small traces of inorganic compounds. These fibers are lightweight with hollow tubular structure that is easy to process and abundant in nature. Currently, kapok fibers are used in industry as filling material for beddings, upholstery, soft toys, and nonwoven materials. However, kapok fiber has also a potential application in the adsorptive removal of heavy metal ions and dyes from aqueous systems. This study aims to provide a comprehensive review about the recent developments on kapok fiber composites including its chemical properties, wettability, and surface morphology. Effective and innovative kapok fiber composites are analyzed with the help of characterization tools such as scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis. Different pre-treatment methods such as alkali and acid pre-treatment, oxidation pre-treatment, and Fenton reaction are discussed. These techniques are applied to enhance the hydrophilicity and to generate rougher fiber surfaces. Moreover, surface modification and synthesis of kapok fiber-based composites and its environmental applications are examined. There are various methods in the fabrication of kapok fiber composites that include chemical modification and polymerization. These procedures allow the kapok fiber composites to have higher adsorption capacities for selective heavy metal and dye removal.
Topics: Adsorption; Ceiba; Coloring Agents; Ions; Metals, Heavy; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; Water; Water Pollutants, Chemical
PubMed: 35270400
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19052703