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Joint Bone Spine May 2020Dupuytren's Disease (DD) occurs frequently in the entire population. Several risk factors are well known, including diabetes, alcohol, and age. In this meta-analysis, we... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
INTRODUCTION
Dupuytren's Disease (DD) occurs frequently in the entire population. Several risk factors are well known, including diabetes, alcohol, and age. In this meta-analysis, we assessed the role of occupational vibration exposure in the risk of DD, an issue currently under debate.
METHODS
We searched PubMed, Google Scholar, and the Cochrane Library to find references up to June 2019. DD prevalence was calculated using meta-proportion analysis. Differences in characteristics between DD patients and controls were expressed as standardized mean differences using the inverse of variance method or percentages using also meta-proportion analysis. We performed meta-regression analyses to assess the effects of alcohol, smoking, age, and sex on the DD incidence for the patients with DD that were exposed to vibrations.
RESULTS
We included 9 studies, comprising a total of 60,570 patients, including 1,804 DD patients. Prevalence of DD was 9.8% (95%CI: 5.9-14.4%). Compared with controls, patients with DD were older, more diabetic, more smokers and with a higher consumption of alcohol. Meta-analysis of the nine longitudinal studies comparing DD occurrence between patients exposed to vibration (626 of 6825) or not (1220 of 52,502) revealed a significantly increased DD incidence among patients with vibration exposure compared with controls (OR=2.87; 95%CI: 1.41-5.84). In metaregression we found no significant influence of all parameters on DD.
CONCLUSION
Age and environmental factors had no effect on DD prevalence among patients exposed to vibrations, despite a 10% prevalence in this group. Using vibration tools at work should be recognized as an important risk factor of developing DD.
Topics: Dupuytren Contracture; Humans; Occupational Exposure; Prevalence; Risk Factors; Vibration
PubMed: 32061740
DOI: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2020.02.001 -
International Orthopaedics Feb 2020To analyze ROM changes by using a Bayesian method, to compare complication and re-operation rates between open osteocapsular arthroplasty (OPEN) and arthroscopic... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study Review
PURPOSE
To analyze ROM changes by using a Bayesian method, to compare complication and re-operation rates between open osteocapsular arthroplasty (OPEN) and arthroscopic osteocapsular arthroplasty (ARTHRO) for primary osteoarthritis of the elbow, and find evidence-based tendencies.
METHODS
The PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases were searched. We performed descriptive analysis to compare ARTHRO and OPEN, a Bayesian analysis of ROM changes, and methodological assessment to determine the tendencies of OPEN and ARTHRO.
RESULTS
Eighteen articles (625 patients, 634 elbows) were analyzed. There were 11 articles on OPEN and 8 articles on ARTHRO (1 article was a comparative study between OPEN and ARTHRO). According to the Bayesian method, flexion and total arc of flexion-extension increased more with OPEN than with ARTHRO. Further, ARTHRO showed a narrower width in the ROM graph than OPEN. The number of complications was 17 (5.1%) and five (2.0%), and the number of re-operations was 32 (9.5%) and 14 (5.6%) for OPEN and ARTHRO, respectively. By analyzing six high-quality articles, we found three tendencies: OPEN and ARTHRO were both effective for improving pain score, flexion-extension arc, and functional outcome; OPEN did not improve the pronation-supination arc; and there was a weak tendency that OPEN was more effective than ARTHRO for improving the flexion arc.
CONCLUSION
Both OPEN and ARTHRO improved ROM and clinical scores. The Bayesian method indicated that although OPEN increased the flexion and flexion-extension arc more than ARTHRO, ARTHRO resulted in a relatively consistent surgical outcome. Additionally, OPEN caused relatively higher complication and re-operation rates than ARTHRO.
Topics: Arthroplasty; Arthroscopy; Bayes Theorem; Elbow; Elbow Joint; Humans; Osteoarthritis; Range of Motion, Articular
PubMed: 31834444
DOI: 10.1007/s00264-019-04458-z -
The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery.... Feb 2019The objective of this study was to analyze the literature regarding the diagnosis, pathogenesis, and prevalence of gluteal fibrosis (GF) and the outcomes of treatment.
BACKGROUND
The objective of this study was to analyze the literature regarding the diagnosis, pathogenesis, and prevalence of gluteal fibrosis (GF) and the outcomes of treatment.
METHODS
We searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane literature databases, from database inception to December 15, 2016. We used the following search terms including variants: "contracture," "fibrosis," "injections," "injections, adverse reactions,' "gluteal," and "hip." All titles and abstracts of potentially relevant studies were scanned to determine whether the subject matter was potentially related to GF, using predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. If the abstract had subject matter involving GF, the paper was selected for review if full text was available. Only papers including ≥10 subjects who underwent surgical treatment were included in the systematic analysis. Data abstracted included the number of patients, patient age and sex, the type of surgical treatment, the method of outcome measurement, and outcomes and complications.
RESULTS
The literature search yielded 2,512 titles. Of these, 82 had a focus on GF, with 50 papers meeting the inclusion criteria. Of the 50 papers reviewed, 18 addressed surgical outcomes. The surgical techniques in these papers included open, minimally invasive, and arthroscopic release and radiofrequency ablation. Of 3,733 operatively treated patients in 6 reports who were evaluated on the basis of the criteria of Liu et al., 83% were found to have excellent results. Few papers focused on the incidence, prevalence, and natural history of GF, precluding quantitative synthesis of the evidence in these domains.
CONCLUSIONS
This study provided a systematic review of surgical outcomes and a summary of what has been reported on the prevalence, diagnosis, prognosis, and pathogenesis of GF. Although GF has been reported throughout the world, it requires further study to determine the exact etiology, pathogenesis, and appropriate treatment. Surgical outcomes appear satisfactory.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Topics: Adolescent; Buttocks; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Fibrosis; Hip Contracture; Humans; Male; Muscle, Skeletal; Postoperative Complications; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 30801376
DOI: 10.2106/JBJS.17.01670 -
Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology,... Apr 2016The purpose of this systematic review was to report the effects of gastrocnemius recession on ankle dorsiflexion range of motion, function, and push-off power. (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
The purpose of this systematic review was to report the effects of gastrocnemius recession on ankle dorsiflexion range of motion, function, and push-off power.
METHODS
The MEDLINE and EMBASE databases were reviewed with terms "gastrocnemius recession". The inclusion criteria were: (1) clinical studies, (2) published in a peer-reviewed journal within the past 10 years, and (3) published in English. Excluded were: (1) review articles, (2) cadaveric studies, (3) studies including patients under the age of 18 years, (4) studies evaluating a neurologic condition, (5) level of evidence 5, and (6) Quality of Evidence Score <3. Data were then extracted and analysed for trends. The PearlDiver Database was also used to review de-identified patient information retrospectively between 2007 and 2011.
RESULTS
Full-text review yielded 23 articles that fit the inclusion criteria. Twenty-one of 23 (91%) and 2/23 (9%) studies were level of evidence 4 and 3, respectively. Twelve of 23 (52%) studies reported follow-up assessment between 12 and 36 months, and no studies reported longer-term follow-up. Twelve of 12 (100%) studies reported improved dorsiflexion range of motion 9/9 (100%) reported improved AOFAS, and 11/11 (100%) reported improved VAS. Five of 23 (22%) studies reported strength in a measured and controlled fashion with variable results, but of these, no study reported a return to normal power. The mean complication rate was 14%.
CONCLUSION
The available evidence supports that GR improves functional outcomes and increases dorsiflexion range of motion. Furthermore, GR affects gait kinematics, which may cause compensatory effects at the knee, ankle, and subtalar joints. Evidence has shown that power does not return to normal levels. Clinicians may utilize these data clinically to determine whether patients may benefit from GR or not.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
IV.
Topics: Ankle Joint; Biomechanical Phenomena; Contracture; Gait; Humans; Muscle, Skeletal; Orthopedic Procedures; Range of Motion, Articular
PubMed: 26685692
DOI: 10.1007/s00167-015-3939-3 -
The Pan African Medical Journal 2024During the 1970s, scientists first used botulinum toxin to treat strabismus. While testing on monkeys, they noticed that the toxin could also reduce wrinkles in the... (Review)
Review
During the 1970s, scientists first used botulinum toxin to treat strabismus. While testing on monkeys, they noticed that the toxin could also reduce wrinkles in the glabella area. This led to its widespread use in both medical and cosmetic fields. The objective of the study was to evaluate the potential use of Botox in managing post-operative contracture after below-knee amputation. We conducted a systematic review In Pubmed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Google Scholar using the MESH terms Botox, botulinum toxin, post-operative contracture, amputation, and below knee amputation. Our goal was to evaluate the potential use of Botox to manage post-operative contracture in patients who have undergone below-knee amputation. Our findings show evidence in the literature that Botox can effectively manage stump hyperhidrosis, phantom pain, and jumping stump, but no clinical trial has been found that discusses the use of Botox for post-operative contracture. Botox has been used in different ways to manage spasticity. Further studies and clinical trials are needed to support the use of Botox to manage this complication.
Topics: Humans; Botulinum Toxins, Type A; Amputation, Surgical; Contracture; Amputation Stumps; Muscle Spasticity; Joint Dislocations; Neuromuscular Agents
PubMed: 38558551
DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2024.47.26.42249 -
Cureus Jan 2024Dupuytren's disease (DD) is a fibroproliferative disorder that manifests as an abnormal growth of myofibroblasts, causing nodule formation and contractures and affecting... (Review)
Review
Comparing Complications and Patient Satisfaction Following Injectable Collagenase Versus Limited Fasciectomy for Dupuytren's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Dupuytren's disease (DD) is a fibroproliferative disorder that manifests as an abnormal growth of myofibroblasts, causing nodule formation and contractures and affecting digit function. If left untreated, these contractures can lead to a loss of mobility and potentially impact hand function. This systematic review critically compares and evaluates the existing literature on the complications and patient satisfaction following injectable collagenase (CCH) versus limited fasciectomy (LF) for DD. We performed a comprehensive search of the PubMed, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), The Cochrane Library, and Excerpta Medica database (EMBASE) databases from 2006 to August 2023. This research targeted all clinical studies involving adults who underwent injectable collagenase and/or limited fasciectomy in the management of DD. Out of the 437 identified studies, only 53 were considered eligible for our analysis, and merely 14 met our inclusion criteria. These selected studies encompassed a total of 967 patients with 1,344 treated joints, with an average follow-up duration of 19.22 (ranging from one to 84.06) months. Within this cohort, 498 joints from 385 patients underwent LF, while 846 joints from 491 patients received CCH injections. Notably, among the 491 patients treated with CCH, 1,060 complications were reported, averaging 2.15 complications per patient, with the most common being contusion/bruising/hematoma/ecchymosis (22.54%), and edema/swelling (18.96%). In contrast, among the 385 patients treated with LF, only 97 complications were reported, translating to 0.25 complications per patient, with the most frequent being paraesthesia or numbness (23.7%), scar sequelae like skin laceration, tear, fissure, or hypertrophic scar (23.7%), and neuropraxia or nerve injury (22.6%). Our meta-analysis indicates that paraesthesia or numbness is more frequently observed in LF than CCH injections, although without statistical significance, with a risk ratio (RR) of 0.39 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.13-1.18, p-value 0.1). However, scar sequelae (hypertrophic scar, skin laceration, tear, or fissure) show a contrasting pattern, being more commonly associated with CCH injections than LF, with an RR of 1.98 (95% CI 0.26-14.85, p-value 0.51), which, upon eliminating the source of heterogeneity, becomes statistically significant, with an RR of 4.98 (95% CI 1.40-17.72, p-value 0.01). Our data revealed a higher frequency of complications with CCH compared to LF, although more severe adverse effects were observed in the LF group, such as neuropraxia or nerve injury. Scar sequelae were more common with CCH injections. Despite both treatments showing increased patient satisfaction at the final follow-up, CCH injection resulted in earlier improvements in satisfaction.
PubMed: 38420076
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.53147 -
BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders Jul 2008Splinting after contracture release for Dupuytren's disease of the hand is widely advocated. The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the quantity and... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Splinting after contracture release for Dupuytren's disease of the hand is widely advocated. The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the quantity and quality of evidence regarding the effectiveness of splinting in the post-surgical management of Dupuytren's contractures.
METHODS
Studies were identified by searching the electronic databases Medline, AMED, CINAHL and EMBASE. Studies were included if they met the following inclusion criteria: prospective or retrospective, experimental, quasi-experimental or observational studies investigating the effectiveness of static or dynamic splints worn day and/or night-time for at least 6 weeks after surgery and reporting either individual joint or composite finger range of motion and/or hand function. The methodological quality of the selected articles was independently assessed by the two authors using the guidelines for evaluating the quality of intervention studies developed by McDermid.
RESULTS
Four studies, with sample sizes ranging from 23 to 268, met the inclusion criteria for the systematic review. Designs included retrospective case review, prospective observational and one controlled trial without randomisation. Interventions included dynamic and static splinting with a mean follow-up ranging from 9 weeks to 2 years. Pooling of results was not possible due to the heterogeneity of interventions (splint type, duration and wearing regimen) and the way outcomes were reported.
CONCLUSION
There is empirical evidence to support the use of low load prolonged stretch through splinting after hand surgery and trauma, however only a few studies have investigated this specifically in Dupuytren's contracture. The low level evidence regarding the effect of post-operative static and dynamic splints on final extension deficit in severe PIP joint contracture (>40 degrees ) is equivocal, as is the effect of patient adherence on outcome. Whilst total active extension deficit improved in some patients wearing a splint there were also deficits in composite finger flexion and hand function. The lack of data on the magnitude of this effect makes it difficult to interpret whether this is of clinical significance. There is a need for well designed controlled trials with proper randomisation to evaluate the short-term and long-term effectiveness of splinting following Dupuytren's surgery.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Dupuytren Contracture; Female; Hand Deformities, Acquired; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Postoperative Care; Splints; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 18644117
DOI: 10.1186/1471-2474-9-104 -
Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics Dec 2021Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a rare, progressive neuromuscular disease characterized by loss of motor neurons and muscle atrophy. Untreated infants with type 1 SMA...
Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a rare, progressive neuromuscular disease characterized by loss of motor neurons and muscle atrophy. Untreated infants with type 1 SMA do not achieve major motor milestones, and death from respiratory failure typically occurs before 2 years of age. Individuals with types 2 and 3 SMA exhibit milder phenotypes and have better functional and survival outcomes. Herein, a systematic literature review was conducted to identify factors that influence the prognosis of types 1, 2, and 3 SMA. In untreated infants with type 1 SMA, absence of symptoms at birth, a later symptom onset, and a higher survival of motor neuron 2 (SMN2) copy number are all associated with increased survival. Disease duration, age at treatment initiation, and, to a lesser extent, baseline function were identified as potential treatment-modifying factors for survival, emphasizing that early treatment with disease-modifying therapies (DMT) is essential in type 1 SMA. In patients with types 2 and 3 SMA, factors considered prognostic of changes in motor function were SMN2 copy number, age, and ambulatory status. Individuals aged 6-15 years were particularly vulnerable to developing complications (scoliosis and progressive joint contractures) which negatively influence functional outcomes and may also affect the therapeutic response in patients. Age at the time of treatment initiation emerged as a treatment-effect modifier on the outcome of DMTs. Factors identified in this review should be considered prior to designing or analyzing studies in an SMA population, conducting population matching, or summarizing results from different studies on the treatments for SMA.
Topics: Cholestenones; Humans; Muscular Atrophy, Spinal; Observational Studies as Topic; Oligonucleotides; Prognosis; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 33792051
DOI: 10.1002/cpt.2247 -
Journal of Pediatric Orthopedics Sep 2013Shoulder internal rotation contracture, active abduction, and external rotation deficits are common secondary problems in neonatal brachial plexus palsy (NBPP). Soft... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Shoulder internal rotation contracture, active abduction, and external rotation deficits are common secondary problems in neonatal brachial plexus palsy (NBPP). Soft tissue shoulder operations are often utilized for treatment. The objective was to conduct a meta-analysis and systematic review analyzing the clinical outcomes of NBPP treated with a secondary soft-tissue shoulder operation.
METHODS
A literature search identified studies of NBPP treated with a soft-tissue shoulder operation. A meta-analysis evaluated success rates for the aggregate Mallet score (≥ 4 point increase), global abduction score (≥ 1 point increase), and external rotation score (≥ 1 point increase) using the Mallet scale. Subgroup analysis was performed to assess these success rates when the author chose arthroscopic release technique versus open release technique with or without tendon transfer.
RESULTS
Data from 17 studies and 405 patients were pooled for meta-analysis. The success rate for the global abduction score was significantly higher for the open technique (67.4%) relative to the arthroscopic technique (27.7%, P<0.0001). The success rates for the global abduction score were significantly different among sexes (P=0.01). The success rate for external rotation was not significantly different between the open (71.4%) and arthroscopic techniques (74.1%, P=0.86). No other variable was found to have significant impact on the external rotation outcomes. The success rate for the aggregate Mallet score was 57.9% for the open technique, a nonsignificant increase relative to the arthroscopic technique (53.5%, P=0.63). Data suggest a correlation between increasing age at the time of surgery and a decreasing likelihood of success with regards to aggregate Mallet with an odds ratio of 0.98 (P=0.04).
CONCLUSIONS
Overall, the secondary soft-tissue shoulder operation is an effective treatment for improving shoulder function in NBPP in appropriately selected patients. The open technique had significantly higher success rates in improving global abduction. There were no significant differences in the success rates for improvement in the external rotation or aggregate Mallet score among these surgical techniques.
Topics: Age Factors; Arthroscopy; Brachial Plexus Neuropathies; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Range of Motion, Articular; Recovery of Function; Sex Factors; Shoulder Joint; Tendon Transfer
PubMed: 23872798
DOI: 10.1097/BPO.0b013e3182a11f0f -
Physical Therapy Jan 2011Contractures are a disabling complication of neurological conditions that are commonly managed with stretch. (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Contractures are a disabling complication of neurological conditions that are commonly managed with stretch.
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this systematic review was to determine the effectiveness of stretch for the treatment and prevention of contractures. The review is part of a more-detailed Cochrane review. Only the results of the studies including patients with neurological conditions are reported here.
DATA SOURCES
Electronic searches were conducted in June 2010 in the following computerized databases: Cochrane CENTRAL Register of Controlled Trials, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects (DARE), Health Technology Assessment Database (HTA), MEDLINE, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), EMBASE, SCI-EXPANDED, and Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro).
STUDY ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA
The review included randomized controlled trials and controlled clinical trials of stretch applied for the purposes of treating or preventing contractures in people with neurological conditions.
STUDY APPRAISAL AND SYNTHESIS METHODS
Two reviewers independently selected studies, extracted data, and assessed risk of bias. The primary outcome measures were joint mobility (range of motion) and quality of life. Secondary outcome measures were pain, spasticity, activity limitation, and participation restriction. Meta-analyses were conducted using random-effects models.
RESULTS
Twenty-five studies met the inclusion criteria. These studies provide moderate-quality evidence that stretch has a small immediate effect on joint mobility (mean difference=3°, 95% confidence interval [CI]=0° to 5°) and high-quality evidence that stretch has little or no short-term or long-term effects on joint mobility (mean difference=1° and 0°, respectively, 95% CI=0° to 3° and -2° to 2°, respectively). There is little or no effect of stretch on pain, spasticity, and activity limitation.
LIMITATIONS
No studies were retrieved that investigated the effects of stretch for longer than 6 months.
CONCLUSION
Regular stretch does not produce clinically important changes in joint mobility, pain, spasticity, or activity limitation in people with neurological conditions.
Topics: Confidence Intervals; Contracture; Humans; Muscle Spasticity; Muscle Strength; Muscle Stretching Exercises; Muscle, Skeletal; Nervous System Diseases; Odds Ratio; Pain; Pain Management; Patient Satisfaction; Quality of Life; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Range of Motion, Articular
PubMed: 21127166
DOI: 10.2522/ptj.20100265