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Journal of Nursing Management May 2010The aim was to explore leadership factors that influence nurse performance and particularly, the role that nursing leadership behaviors play in nurses' perceptions of... (Review)
Review
AIM
The aim was to explore leadership factors that influence nurse performance and particularly, the role that nursing leadership behaviors play in nurses' perceptions of performance motivation.
BACKGROUND
Nurse performance is vital to quality patient care outcomes and nursing leadership behaviors have been linked to nurse performance.
EVALUATIONS
A review of research articles that examined the factors that nurses perceived as influencing their motivation and performance was conducted. Eight studies were included in the final analysis.
KEY ISSUES
Nurses' perceptions of factors that affect their motivation and ability to perform were grouped into five categories using content analysis: autonomy, work relationships, resource accessibility, nurse factors, and leadership practices. Nursing leadership behaviors were found to influence both nurses' motivations directly and indirectly via other factors.
CONCLUSION
The review suggests that nurse performance may be improved by addressing nurse autonomy, relationships among nurses, their colleagues and leaders, and resource accessibility.
IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT
Nursing managers and leaders may enhance their nurses' performance by understanding and addressing the factors that affect their ability and motivation to perform.
Topics: Humans; Interprofessional Relations; Leadership; Motivation; Nursing; Personnel Management; Professional Autonomy; Quality of Health Care
PubMed: 20609047
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2834.2010.01100.x -
Medical Education Apr 2021Growth mindset is a motivation theory proposed by Carol Dweck that posits our beliefs about intelligence, and the ability to change mindsets can have impacts on how we... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Growth mindset is a motivation theory proposed by Carol Dweck that posits our beliefs about intelligence, and the ability to change mindsets can have impacts on how we approach challenges, respond to criticism challenges and orient our goals. This study characterised articles on growth mindset theory in health professions education to: summarise the aspects of growth mindset being researched, describe the discussed benefits of growth mindset theory and outline strategies discussed that may promote a growth mindset.
METHODS
A systematic review of the literature yielded 4927 articles-articles were reviewed and excluded if they were outside of health professions education and did not discuss Dweck's growth mindset theory. The final review yielded 14 research articles and 13 commentaries, which were characterised and analysed using content analysis.
RESULTS
The included articles were published in 2016 and beyond; the articles represented a diverse context, participant type and approach. Most research studies measured participant mindsets and evaluated the correlation with other variables (eg grit, well-being, anxiety). Articles often highlighted benefits and strategies to promote a growth mindset at the learner, educator and organisation level. The most common learner benefits were to help them be more receptive to feedback as well as increased resiliency and perseverance, educator benefits focused on supporting collaborative relationships and safe learning environments. The most prevalent strategies discussed were teaching learners about growth mindset theory, shifting faculty feedback to emphasise effort and to prioritise feedback across the organisation.
CONCLUSION
The growth mindset framework has been shown in other fields to help others manage educational challenges and enhance learning environments. Researchers are encouraged to explore how interventions such as teaching about and prioritising a growth mindset can support learners, health care professionals, educators and organisations.
Topics: Health Occupations; Humans; Intelligence; Learning; Motivation
PubMed: 32955728
DOI: 10.1111/medu.14381 -
Health Services Management Research May 2021Developing and strengthening the competencies and skills of health care managers is a key objective in many health systems. Selecting adequate training methods, content,... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Developing and strengthening the competencies and skills of health care managers is a key objective in many health systems. Selecting adequate training methods, content, and using appropriate criteria for assessing their impact is fundamental for improving their usefulness and effectiveness. Filling an important gap in knowledge, this review assesses the evidence on the effectiveness of different types of training and educational programmes delivered to hospital managers.
METHODS
In this narrative systematic review, the following electronic databases were searched for literature published between January 1st, 1990 and January 31st, 2019. The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) checklist was used to evaluate the quality of the included studies.
RESULTS
In total, 9 articles were included. Results showed that the main topics covered by training programs for hospital managers were: planning, organization and coordination, control and supervision of hospital staff, teamwork, communication, motivation and leadership, monitoring and evaluation, and quality improvement skills. Training in these skills was found to improve managers' strategic and operational planning abilities, change management and behavioural management methods, and leadership.
CONCLUSIONS
The examined training programs had a relatively positive effect on the managerial skills, knowledge and competencies of hospital managers. In general, these capacity-building programs focused on developing three types of skills: technical, interpersonal and conceptual. Training programs focused on developing technical skills among managers were more effective than those focused on developing other types of skills. Increased investment and large-scale planning are needed to develop better the knowledge and competencies of hospital managers.
Topics: Communication; Health Personnel; Hospitals; Humans; Leadership; Motivation
PubMed: 33143488
DOI: 10.1177/0951484820971460 -
Journal of Behavioral Addictions Sep 2022The present systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to synthesize the available literature on the relationship between gaming motivations and gaming disorder symptoms.... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND AND AIMS
The present systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to synthesize the available literature on the relationship between gaming motivations and gaming disorder symptoms. Specifically, to (1) explore what gaming motivation questionnaires and classifications are used in studies on gaming disorder symptoms and (2) investigate the relationship between motivational factors and symptoms of gaming disorder.
METHOD
An electronic database search was conducted via EBSCO (MEDLINE and PsycINFO) and the Web of Science Core Collection. All studies using validated measurements on gaming disorder symptoms and gaming motivations and available correlation coefficients of the relationship between gaming disorder and gaming motivations were included. The meta-analyses were conducted using a random-effects model.
RESULTS
In total, 49 studies (k = 58 independent sub-samples), including 51,440 participants, out of which 46 studies (k = 55 sub-samples, n = 49,192 participants) provided data for the meta-analysis. The synthesis identified fourteen different gaming motivation instruments, seven unique motivation models, and 26 motivational factors. The meta-analysis showed statistically significant associations between gaming disorder symptoms and 23 out of 26 motivational factors, with the majority of the pooled mean effect sizes ranging from small to moderate. Moreover, large heterogeneity was observed, and the calculated prediction intervals indicated substantial variation in effects across populations and settings. Motivations related to emotional escape were robustly associated with gaming disorder symptoms.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS
The present meta-analysis reinforces the importance of motivational factors in understanding problematic gaming behavior. The analysis showed significant heterogeneity in most outcomes, warranting further investigation.
REGISTRATION DETAIL
PROSPERO (CRD42020220050).
Topics: Humans; Video Games; Behavior, Addictive; Motivation; Disruptive, Impulse Control, and Conduct Disorders; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 36094861
DOI: 10.1556/2006.2022.00053 -
Perspectives on Psychological Science :... May 2021Multidimensional motivational theories postulate that the type of motivation is as important as the quantity of motivation, with implications for human functioning and...
Multidimensional motivational theories postulate that the type of motivation is as important as the quantity of motivation, with implications for human functioning and well-being. An extensive amount of research has explored how constructs contained within these theories relate to the activation of the endocrine system. However, research is fragmented across several theories, and determining the current state of the science is complicated. In line with contemporary trends for theoretical integration, this systematic review aims to evaluate the association between multidimensional motivational constructs and endocrine-related responses to determine which theories are commonly used and what inferences can be made. Forty-one studies were identified incorporating five distinct motivation theories and multiple endocrine-related responses. There was evidence across several theories that high-quality motivation attenuated the cortisol response in evaluative environments. There was also evidence that motivational needs for power and affiliation were associated with lower and higher levels of salivary immunoglobulin A, respectively. The need for power may play a role in increasing testosterone when winning a contest; however, this evidence was not conclusive. Overall, this review can shape the future integration of motivational theories by characterizing the nature of physiological responses to motivational processes and examining the implications for well-being.
Topics: Endocrine System; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Motivation; Psychological Theory; Testosterone
PubMed: 33513308
DOI: 10.1177/1745691620958008 -
Clinical Breast Cancer Jun 2023Breast cancer is a global health problem with a high rate of incidence and annual death. The protection motivation model (PMT) is a health psychology theory that has... (Review)
Review
Breast cancer is a global health problem with a high rate of incidence and annual death. The protection motivation model (PMT) is a health psychology theory that has been introduced to motivate health behaviors using coping appraisal and threat appraisal. We aimed to systematically review the applicability of PMT to predict and improve the knowledge and intention (the patient's intent to undergo breast cancer screening with self/clinical breast exam or mammography) for protective behaviors among women. A systematic search was performed in May 2022 in electronic databases to investigate the role of PMT in the prediction of protection behaviors in addition to improving the knowledge about the prevention of breast cancer using specific keywords. The relevant studies were then included for data extraction. Seventeen articles including 7 interventional and 10 prediction studies were selected for data assessment. Findings demonstrated that PMT could be used to predict the rate of knowledge and intention about breast cancer risk among women. It was also shown that PMT could be considered as a framework for the prevention of breast cancer by changing the behaviors of individuals by training the participants. Fear arousal, response efficacy, and response cost were found as the main determinants of knowledge and intention rate. PMT can provide a useful framework to evaluate the factors associated with women's intentions about breast cancer. Periodical educational programs should be implemented to improve protection behaviors by increasing the intention of women to regular self-examination.
Topics: Humans; Female; Motivation; Breast Neoplasms; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Self Efficacy; Intention
PubMed: 37045635
DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2023.02.013 -
Sleep Medicine Reviews Oct 2021Controlling impulses and overcoming temptations (i.e., self-control) are key aspects of living a productive life. There is a growing yet disperse literature indicating... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Controlling impulses and overcoming temptations (i.e., self-control) are key aspects of living a productive life. There is a growing yet disperse literature indicating that sleep is an important predictor of self-control. The goal of this meta-analysis is to empirically integrate the findings from multiple literatures, and investigate whether sleep quality, and sleep duration predict self-control. To provide a thorough understanding of the proposed relationships, this meta-analysis also investigated potential differences between the level of analysis (between-individual vs. within-individual), research design (experiment vs. correlation; and cross-sectional vs. time-lagged), and types of measure (subjective vs. objective for sleep and self-control). A systematic review was conducted through ABI/Inform (including PsycInfo), ERIC, ProQuest Dissertation & Theses, PubMed, and Psychology Database using keywords related to self-control and sleep. Sixty-one independent studies met the inclusion criteria. The results, in general, suggest that sleep quality (between-individual 0.26, CI 0.21; 0.31; and within-individual 0.35, CI 0.24; 0.45), and sleep duration (between-individual 0.14, CI 0.07; 0.21; and within-individual 0.20, CI 0.09; 0.31) are all related to self-control. Given the impact of self-control on how individuals live productive lives, a future research agenda should include a deeper investigation in the causal process (potentially via prefrontal cortex activity) linking sleep and self-control, and an examination of the moderators (individual and contextual variables) that could impact the relationship between sleep and self-control.
Topics: Cross-Sectional Studies; Humans; Motivation; Sleep
PubMed: 34157493
DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2021.101514 -
International Journal of Environmental... Feb 2023Motivated behaviours are thought to lead to enhanced performances. In the neurorehabilitation field, motivation has been demonstrated to be a link between cognition and... (Review)
Review
Motivated behaviours are thought to lead to enhanced performances. In the neurorehabilitation field, motivation has been demonstrated to be a link between cognition and motor performance, therefore playing an important role upon rehabilitation outcome determining factors. While motivation-enhancing interventions have been frequently investigated, a common and reliable motivation assessment strategy has not been established yet. This review aims to systematically explore and provide a comparison among the existing motivation assessment tools concerning stroke rehabilitation. For this purpose, a literature search (PubMed and Google Scholar) was performed, using the following Medical Subject Headings terms: "assessment" OR "scale" AND "motivation" AND "stroke" AND "rehabilitation". In all, 31 randomized clinical trials and 15 clinical trials were examined. The existing assessment tools can be grouped into two categories: the first mirroring the trade-off between patients and rehabilitation, the latter reflecting the link between patients and interventions. Furthermore, we presented assessment tools which reflect participation level or apathy, as an indirect index of motivation. In conclusion, we are left to put forth a possible common motivation assessment strategy, which might provide valuable incentive to investigate in future research.
Topics: Humans; Stroke Rehabilitation; Motivation; Stroke; Neurological Rehabilitation; Cognition
PubMed: 36901206
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20054187 -
Nurse Education in Practice Jan 2021Nurses' continuing professional development (CPD) improves the quality of nursing care, patients' safety, nurses' satisfaction and healthcare costs. However, evidence...
Nurses' continuing professional development (CPD) improves the quality of nursing care, patients' safety, nurses' satisfaction and healthcare costs. However, evidence has shown that nurses do not always participate in their CPD and that CPD does not always address nurses' real needs. To examine this issue, a systematic review of the literature on nurses' experiences regarding their CPD in the clinical context was carried out. The studies selected for this review (n = 9) were analyzed thematically, through which three themes were identified: The relevance of CPD to nurses; the intrinsic and extrinsic motivations of nurses to participate in CPD; and the specific needs of nurses to participate in CPD. The findings of this review highlight that nurses' experiences regarding their CPD is a key issue that has not been deeply studied. For nurses, their CPD continues throughout their professional career, and keeping their knowledge and skills up to date is important. The goals, motivations and needs that nurses may have to lead and participate in their CPD may vary according to their age and position. Organizations should consider nurses' specific professional situation as well as their actual needs to boost their CPD through different approaches and enhance nurses' retention at hospitals.
Topics: Education, Nursing, Continuing; Hospitals; Humans; Motivation; Nursing Staff; Staff Development
PubMed: 33422973
DOI: 10.1016/j.nepr.2020.102963 -
The International Journal of Eating... Dec 2020Identifying modifiable predictors of outcomes following treatment for eating disorders may help to tailor interventions to patients' individual needs, improve treatment... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVE
Identifying modifiable predictors of outcomes following treatment for eating disorders may help to tailor interventions to patients' individual needs, improve treatment efficacy, and develop new interventions. The goal of this meta-analysis was to quantify the association between pretreatment motivation and posttreatment changes in eating disorder symptomology.
METHOD
We reviewed 196 longitudinal studies reporting on change on indices of overall eating-disorder symptomatology, weight gain, binge-eating, vomiting, anxiety/depression, and treatment adherence. Meta-analyses were performed using two complementary approaches: (a) combined probability analysis using the added Z's method; (b) effect size analyses. Using random-effect models, effect sizes were pooled when there were at least three studies with the same type of statistical design and reporting statistics on the same outcome. Heterogeneity in study outcome was evaluated using Q and I statistics. Studies were reviewed qualitatively when the number of studies or reported data were insufficient to perform a meta-analysis.
RESULTS
Forty-two articles were included. Although samples and treatments differed substantially across studies, results across studies were remarkably consistent. Both combined-probability and effect-size analyses indicated positive effects of pretreatment motivation on improvement in general eating-disorder symptoms (Cohen's r = .17), and an absence of effects on anxiety/depression symptoms. Remaining outcome indices were subject to selective reporting and/or small sample size bias.
DISCUSSION
Our findings underscore the importance of incorporating treatment engagement approaches in the treatment of eating disorders. Optimal reporting of study findings and improving study quality would improve future efforts to obtain an in-depth understanding of the relationship between motivation and eating disorder symptoms.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Feeding and Eating Disorders; Female; Humans; Longitudinal Studies; Male; Motivation; Treatment Outcome; Young Adult
PubMed: 32954512
DOI: 10.1002/eat.23376