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PloS One 2015The infections due to Non-Tuberculosis Mycobacteria (NTM) are becoming an important health problem in many countries in the world. Globally, an increase in NTM... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
INTRODUCTION
The infections due to Non-Tuberculosis Mycobacteria (NTM) are becoming an important health problem in many countries in the world. Globally, an increase in NTM infections has been reported from many countries around the world. However, limited information is available about the prevalence of NTM infections in Iran.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
The data of the prevalence of NTM infections were collected from databases such as PubMed, Web of science, Cochrane Library, Embase, Scopus, Iranmedex, and Scientific Information Database. Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (V2.0, Biostat) software was used to analyze the data.
RESULTS
The meta-analyses showed that the prevalence of NTM infections was 10.2% (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 6.3-15.9) among culture-positive cases of tuberculosis (TB) in Iran. The further stratified analyses indicated that the prevalence of NTM was higher in studies that were done after year 2000. Additionally, M. simiae (43.3% [95% CI 36.8-50.0]), M. intracellucar (27.3% [95% CI 0.7-95.5]) and M. fortuitum (22.7% [95% CI 16.1-30.9]) were the most prevalent NTM species, respectively.
DISCUSSION
The relatively high prevalence of NTM infections (10.2%) among culture positive cases for TB underlines the need for greater enforcement of infection control strategies. Establishment of appropriate diagnostic criteria and management guidelines for NTM diseases and expanding the number and quality of regional reference laboratories may facilitate more accurate action for prevention and control of NTM infections in Iran.
Topics: Humans; Iran; Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous; Nontuberculous Mycobacteria; Prevalence; Tuberculosis
PubMed: 26052701
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0129073 -
Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Nov 2018Epidemiologic evidence of periprosthetic mycobacterial infections is limited. The recent boom in cosmetic surgery tourism has been associated with a rise of...
BACKGROUND
Epidemiologic evidence of periprosthetic mycobacterial infections is limited. The recent boom in cosmetic surgery tourism has been associated with a rise of surgical-site infections in returning patients. This review aims to explore available data, examine trends of documented periprosthetic mycobacterial infections, and analyze outcomes of management techniques.
METHODS
A search in the Biosis, Embase, LILACS, MEDLINE, and Web of Science databases from inception until December of 2017 for "Breast Implants" and "Mycobacterial Infections" and equivalents was performed. Data were pooled after two screening rounds following full-text retrieval and cross-referencing.
RESULTS
Forty-one reports describing 171 female patients who had breast prosthesis-related mycobacterial infections were identified. Bibliometric case-based analysis revealed a rise of periprosthetic mycobacterial infections in developing countries since the start of the millennium. The mean patient's age was 37.9 years and the majority of patients had undergone bilateral breast augmentation. Most patients presented with breast pain or tenderness, after an average incubation period of 9 months. Mycobacterium fortuitum was isolated from 90 cases (52.6 percent). Immediate explantation with or without delayed reimplantation was the most commonly used surgical strategy, complemented by combination antimicrobial therapy for an average of 4.6 months. The mean follow-up time was 39.7 months, during which recurrence was observed in 21 of 171 patients (12.3 percent).
CONCLUSIONS
The emergence of periprosthetic mycobacterial infections in relation to cosmetic medical tourism alerts clinicians to the importance of educating the public about the associated risks. In addition, this study identifies risk factors associated with recurrence of periprosthetic mycobacterial infections.
Topics: Bibliometrics; Breast Implants; Developing Countries; Female; Global Health; Humans; Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous; Prosthesis-Related Infections; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 30096121
DOI: 10.1097/PRS.0000000000004892 -
Journal of Cardiac Surgery May 2020Left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) are integral for the management of medically refractory heart failure, and LVAD infections are common following device placement....
Left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) are integral for the management of medically refractory heart failure, and LVAD infections are common following device placement. Most infections are caused by Staphylococcal spp. and Gram-negative enteric bacteria but nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) infections have been reported. We present the second-ever reported case of a driveline infection caused by Mycobacterium fortuitum in a 75-year-old male with a continuous-flow LVAD. After receiving meropenem, azithromycin, and ciprofloxacin, he underwent device exchange and ultimately died after failing to recover neurologically. Management of NTM infections presents a clinical challenge due to the propensity for rapidly growing mycobacterial species to form biofilms and the possibility of negative cultures delaying diagnosis. To address the literature gap surrounding NTM infections in LVAD patients, we performed a systematic review and present all previously reported cases.
Topics: Aged; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Azithromycin; Ciprofloxacin; Device Removal; Fatal Outcome; Heart Failure; Heart-Assist Devices; Humans; Male; Meropenem; Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous; Mycobacterium fortuitum; Prosthesis-Related Infections
PubMed: 32253770
DOI: 10.1111/jocs.14530 -
Scientific Reports Mar 2018Mycobacterium species are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The present study was carried out to systematically evaluate the accuracy of... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Mycobacterium species are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The present study was carried out to systematically evaluate the accuracy of Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectroscopy (MALDI-TOF MS) for the identification of clinical pathogenic mycobacteria. After a rigid selection process, 19 articles involving 2,593 mycobacteria isolates were included. The pooled result agreed with the reference method identification for 85% of the isolates to genus level, with 71% (95% CI of 69% to 72%) correct to the species level. The MALDI-TOF MS correctly identified 92% of the M.tuberculosis isolates (95% CI of 0.87 to 0.96), and 68% of M. bovisisolates (95% CI of 27% to 100%) to the species level. Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex in solid media with reference strains using augmented database showing more accurate identification. The identifying accuracy rate of bioMĂ©rieuxVitek MS was slight higher than Bruker MALDI Biotyper (75% vs 72%). However, opposite results were obtained in identifications of M. fortuitum, M. kansasii, M. marinum, and M. terrae with these two systems. In summary, our results demonstrate that application of MALDI-TOF MS in clinical pathogenic mycobacteria identification is less satisfactory to date. Increasing need for improvement is important especially at species level.
Topics: Animals; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Humans; Mycobacterium bovis; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization
PubMed: 29515167
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-22642-w