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European Archives of Paediatric... Dec 2023This systematic review explored dental complications associated with metal ion release from oral piercings using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and...
PURPOSE
This systematic review explored dental complications associated with metal ion release from oral piercings using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines.
METHODS
Item retrieval from October 2022 to December 2022 from databases, such as Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Medline, PubMed, Embase, Scopus and Web of Science, using predefined search terms was undertaken by two independent reviewers. Data were extracted and risk of bias was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal checklist. From 1509 identified studies, 25 were included for analysis.
RESULTS
Of the 25 studies, 20 included both clinical examination and questionnaire-based data. The remaining five studies were deemed low quality based on the Joanna Briggs Institute criteria. The average time piercings were worn ranged between 5 and 48 months. Most studies did not investigate complications from metal ion release. Only two studies examined the direct effects of metal ion release and showed that metal ions may cause hypersensitivity reactions and mucosal changes. Other soft tissue complications were reported, with gingival recession noted in 16 out of 25 studies, especially due to lip piercings. Studies reporting other complications were as follows: swelling (9), pain (8), infection (6), bleeding (6), inflammation (5), alterations to speech, eating and/or swallowing (5), changes to taste or metallic taste (5), and mucosal changes (4). Ten studies reported tooth chipping from tongue piercings.
CONCLUSION
Oral piercings leach metal ions into surrounding tissues which may cause local mucosal changes. Furthermore, oral piercings cause damage to both soft and hard oral tissues, particularly gingival recession for lip piercings and tooth chipping for tongue piercings. Thus, to prevent such adverse injuries, dental professionals should discourage patients against oral piercings.
Topics: Humans; Gingival Recession; Tongue; Lip; Ions
PubMed: 37581705
DOI: 10.1007/s40368-023-00831-0 -
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) Jan 2023Technological advancements are enabling new applications within biomedical engineering. As a connection point between the outer environment and the human system, the... (Review)
Review
Technological advancements are enabling new applications within biomedical engineering. As a connection point between the outer environment and the human system, the oral cavity offers unique opportunities for sensing technologies. This paper systematically reviews the performance of measurement systems tested in the human oral cavity. Performance was defined by metrics related to accuracy and agreement estimation. A comprehensive search identifying human studies that reported on the accuracy or agreement of intraoral sensors found 85 research papers. Most of the literature (62%) was in dentistry, followed by neurology (21%), and physical medicine and rehabilitation (12%). The remaining papers were on internal medicine, obstetrics, and aerospace medicine. Most of the studies applied force or pressure sensors (32%), while optical and image sensors were applied most widely across fields. The main challenges for future adoption include the lack of large human trials, the maturity of emerging technologies (e.g., biochemical sensors), and the absence of standardization of evaluation in specific fields. New research should aim to employ robust performance metrics to evaluate their systems and incorporate real-world evidence as part of the evaluation process. Oral cavity sensors offer the potential for applications in healthcare and wellbeing, but for many technologies, more research is needed.
Topics: Pregnancy; Female; Humans; Biomedical Engineering; Gravitation; Mouth
PubMed: 36679385
DOI: 10.3390/s23020588 -
Oral Health & Preventive Dentistry Apr 2022The aim of this sytematic review was to evaluate the potential association of COVID-19 infection with oral health.
PURPOSES
The aim of this sytematic review was to evaluate the potential association of COVID-19 infection with oral health.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Screening in different databases (PubMed/MEDLINE, Google Scholar, and Embase databases) was performed to identify relevant articles, focusing on the oral health of patients with COVID-19, and published up to November 2021. 5194 articles were identified, and 29 fulfilled the inclusion criteria.
RESULTS
Patients presenting more severe periodontal or dental diseases were at an increased risk of developing COVID-19 complications and being admitted to intensive care units. According to the included articles, U-shaped lingual papillitis and aphthous-like ulcers on the tongue are the most frequent lesions assessed in the oral cavity of COVID-19 patients, while xerostomia seems to be an early COVID-19 diagnostic symptom. Apart from the presence of the virus, the global lockdown had a detrimental impact on oral health. The occurrence of dental emergencies was augmented during this time due to the postponement of numerous non-emergency dental procedures.
CONCLUSIONS
The presence of SARS-CoV-2 in periodontal tissues and salivary fractions may explain the presence of oral lesions during the infection. However, the virus's direct or indirect effect on oral mucosa is unclear. It is important to consider that these manifestations might be attributed to underlying comorbidities, or co-existing or subsequent lesions produced by local irritants.
Topics: COVID-19; Communicable Disease Control; Humans; Mouth; Oral Health; SARS-CoV-2
PubMed: 35481345
DOI: 10.3290/j.ohpd.b2960801 -
The Journal of Contemporary Dental... Sep 2022To systematically review all studies on assessment tools used to diagnose oral frailty in older adults.
AIM
To systematically review all studies on assessment tools used to diagnose oral frailty in older adults.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A systematic search of PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus for articles yielded the tools published from January 2010 to January 2022. The search included articles reporting the use of the Oral Frailty risk assessment tool in older adults. A standardized protocol Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) was used for data extraction. Flowchart and tables were used to demonstrate the results.
RESULTS
A total of 19 studies were eligible out of 58 studies retrieved from selected databases. A total of three tools were structured for oral frailty assessment in older adults as follows: Oral and maxillofacial frailty index, oral frailty index-8 (OFI-8), and oral frailty checklist. The most critical parameter in assessing oral frailty was tongue pressure and dryness of the mouth. Other parameters for assessing oral frailty include the number of remaining teeth, oral diadochokinesis (ODK), masticatory performance, pain, dysphagia, taste alteration, use of dentures, bacterial count in the tongue coat, and presence or absence of periodontitis. The predictive validity of tools for differentiating high and low risks for oral frailty did not explore yet.
CONCLUSION
There has not been much research into assessment tools for oral frailty. This comprehensive review of the available literature identified only three structured assessment tools as follows: The oral frailty checklist, the oral and maxillofacial frailty index, and OFI-8. The oral frailty checklist is the only available validated oral frailty assessment tool despite the disproportionately high prevalence of oral frailty and the projected increase.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
Because an oral function examination for the elderly in their 60s is required to promote effective oral frailty countermeasures, an oral frailty assessment tool appropriate for the setting must be developed. This tool can be used as a population-wide standard of practice for screening oral frailty.
Topics: Aged; Humans; Frailty; Geriatric Assessment; Pressure; Prevalence; Tongue; Oral Health
PubMed: 36259308
DOI: No ID Found -
Oral Diseases Apr 2022To systematically integrate the available data published in the literature on oral pigmented lesions (OPL) associated with syndromes, summarizing the clinical and... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
To systematically integrate the available data published in the literature on oral pigmented lesions (OPL) associated with syndromes, summarizing the clinical and demographic features of the individuals.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
An electronic search was undertaken in six databases. Eligibility criteria were articles in English, Spanish, and Portuguese describing case reports or case series of OPL associated with syndromes. Data were aggregated and statistically evaluated.
RESULTS
About 108 articles reporting 149 cases of individuals with syndromes were identified. Among the affected individuals, nine syndromes were reported. The mean age at diagnosis was 35.93 years (0.41 to 83 years), with a predilection for white (n = 85/85.86%) female (n = 102/68.46%) individuals. As regards the number of lesions, 109 (73.15%) were multiple and 40 (26.85%) were single. Lip represented the anatomical location more affected (122 cases/38.01%), followed by the buccal mucosa (100 cases/31.15%). Brownish lesions accounted for 82 (69.49%) cases. The mean time of evolution was 10.52 years (0.16 to 56 years). OPL preceding diagnosis of the syndrome was observed in 111 (74.50%) cases.
CONCLUSIONS
Although these syndromes are uncommon, dentists should be able to recognize their manifestations, since oral manifestations can represent an important aspect in early diagnosis.
Topics: Female; Humans; Hyperpigmentation; Mouth Mucosa; Syndrome
PubMed: 33394507
DOI: 10.1111/odi.13769 -
Journal of Cancer Research and... 2023Oral malignant and potentially malignant conditions affect several people worldwide each year. The early diagnoses of these conditions play an important role in... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Oral malignant and potentially malignant conditions affect several people worldwide each year. The early diagnoses of these conditions play an important role in prevention and recovery. Vibrational spectroscopy techniques such as Raman spectroscopy (RS) and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy are used in the early, non-invasive, label-free diagnosis of malignant and pre-malignant conditions, and are areas of active research. However, there is no conclusive evidence suggesting the translatability of these methods into clinical practice. This systematic review and meta-analysis presents pooled evidence for RS and FTIR methods in the detection of malignant and potentially malignant conditions of the oral cavity. Electronic databases were searched for published literature on RS and FTIR in the diagnosis of oral malignant and potentially malignant conditions. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic accuracy, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), pre-test, and post-test probability were then calculated using the random-effects model. A subgroup analysis was conducted separately for RS and FTIR methods. A total of 12 studies were included (8 of RS; 4 of FTIR) as per the eligibility criteria. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of the vibrational spectroscopy methods were calculated to be 0.99 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.90, 1.00) and 0.94 (95% CI: 0.85, 0.98), respectively. The area under the curve (AUC) for the summary receiving operator characteristic curve was found to be 0.99 (0.98-1.00). Therefore, the results obtained in this study suggest that the RS and FTIR methods offer great potential to be used in the early diagnosis of oral malignant and pre-malignant conditions.
Topics: Humans; Spectrum Analysis, Raman; Area Under Curve; Databases, Factual; Mouth; Odds Ratio; Syndrome
PubMed: 37313896
DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_2275_21 -
Journal of Oral Pathology & Medicine :... Sep 2021To assess the prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in patients with Pemphigus Vulgaris. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVE
To assess the prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in patients with Pemphigus Vulgaris.
METHODS
Observational studies reporting the prevalence of oral lesions in pemphigus vulgaris patients, without restriction to language and year of publication, were selected in a two-phase process. Search strategies were applied to PubMed, Scopus, Livivo, Web of Science, LILACS, Google Scholar, and OpenGrey databases. Articles assessing the prevalence of oral lesions in patients with conditions other than pemphigus vulgaris were excluded. Risk of bias analysis was performed using the Joanna Briggs Institute's Critical Appraisal Checklist for Studies Reporting Prevalence Data. Synthesis of results was calculated by the software R Statistics version 4.0.2 (The R Foundation). Confidence in cumulative evidence was assessed with the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) criteria.
RESULTS
From 1957 studies identified, 40 were included in qualitative synthesis and 38 in meta-analyses. The pooled prevalence of patients with oral lesions solely or concurrent with other mucocutaneous lesions was 90.3%. The prevalence of patients with exclusive oral mucosal lesions was 50.8%. Risk of bias was considered low, and the certainty of evidence was very low.
CONCLUSION
Oral lesions were present in approximately nine out of 10 patients with pemphigus vulgaris. The oral mucosa was the most common site of disease onset. Further longitudinal studies are urged to assess the prevalence of oral lesions at different disease stages.
Topics: Humans; Mouth Mucosa; Pemphigus; Prevalence
PubMed: 33713362
DOI: 10.1111/jop.13167 -
Journal of Oral Pathology & Medicine :... Apr 2021Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is considered as a valid treatment option in various branches of dentistry. This systematic review aims to evaluate the usefulness of PDT for... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is considered as a valid treatment option in various branches of dentistry. This systematic review aims to evaluate the usefulness of PDT for treatment of oral premalignant and malignant lesions.
METHODS
The MeSH terms "Photodynamic therapy" and "PDT," in combination with other terms, have been searched by three search engines (PubMed, ISI Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library), and a systematic review has been performed. The Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcomes, and Study design (PICOS) has been applied as method to outline our study eligibility criteria. Risk of Bias in Non-randomized Studies of Intervention (ROBINS-I) has been performed too.
RESULTS
Initial results were 1513. Definitely, 27 studies met our selection criteria.
CONCLUSIONS
Topical PDT is an easy to perform technique, well-tolerated treatment and it appears to be an effective method with encouraging achievements in the treatment of premalignant and malignant lesions of the soft tissues of the oral cavity; nevertheless more studies are required to integrate the up-to-date experience of this application.
Topics: Humans; Mouth; Photochemotherapy; Photosensitizing Agents; Precancerous Conditions; Research Design
PubMed: 33217059
DOI: 10.1111/jop.13139 -
Oral Oncology Dec 2022To compare surgical morbidity, functional and aesthetic restoration, and health-related quality of life among patients receiving anterolateral thigh (ALT) or radial... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVES
To compare surgical morbidity, functional and aesthetic restoration, and health-related quality of life among patients receiving anterolateral thigh (ALT) or radial forearm (RFF) free flaps for intra-oral reconstruction.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, and CDSR databases were searched from 2000 to 2022. Primary outcomes included flap survival, recipient site complications, donor site morbidity, recovery of oral function, and quality of life among patients after oncologic resection and reconstruction of oral cavity defects with ALT or RFF.
RESULTS
A total of 23 criteria-meeting studies with 685 ALT and 723 RFF patients were included. There were no differences between the two groups in flap survival or the likelihood of flap-related complications. There was a significantly lower likelihood of donor site morbidity among ALT patients, specifically hypertrophic scarring (OR 0.24, 95 % CI: 0.06-0.96), tendon exposure (OR 0.13, 95 % CI: 0.03-0.60), paresthesia (OR: 0.06, 95 % CI: 0.01-0.25), movement impairment (OR: 0.12, 95 % CI: 0.04-0.38), and social stigma (OR: 0.10, 95 % CI: 0.03-0.28). ALT patients were significantly more likely to be satisfied with the donor site appearance (OR: 8.75, 95 % CI: 1.11-68.73). There were no significant differences in recovery of regular diet and speech or quality of life.
CONCLUSION
The findings suggest that the ALT achieves equivalent flap survival rates and oral function with less donor site morbidity compared to the RFF for intra-oral reconstruction. Nonetheless, choice of free flap should incorporate surgeon- and patient-specific factors that may not be reflected in the studies included in this meta-analysis.
Topics: Humans; Free Tissue Flaps; Quality of Life; Thigh; Plastic Surgery Procedures; Mouth
PubMed: 36302325
DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2022.106214 -
Clinical Oral Investigations Nov 2022To identify the antifungal susceptibility profile of Candida spp. isolated from the human oral cavity was assessed with meta-analyses of observational studies that... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
AIM
To identify the antifungal susceptibility profile of Candida spp. isolated from the human oral cavity was assessed with meta-analyses of observational studies that collected samples from the oral cavity of human subjects.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Isolated Candida albicans tested by E-test®; disk diffusion test; microdilution and macrodilution; Sensititre YeastOne; and/or FungiTest. Search strategies were conducted on the MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Dentistry, and Oral Sciences, Central, Scopus, and LILACS databases, and gray literature sources. Articles were initially screened by title and then their abstracts. Articles that met the conditions for inclusion were read in full, followed by data extraction. A descriptive analysis was conducted of each study, and the data were tabulated. A first meta-analysis was conducted to assess the resistance of antifungals regardless of systemic comorbidities. An additional stratified analysis was conducted by systemic comorbidity groups for the outcome "resistance" to the antifungals.
RESULTS
When not grouping Candida albicans isolates by systemic conditions, the lowest resistance rates to the antifungals tested were observed for amphotericin B, nystatin, flucytosine, and caspofungin. In contrast, the highest resistance rates were observed for miconazole and econazole. There was a high degree of heterogeneity and low resistance in general in all analyses, except for the "several associated comorbidities" group, which had high resistance rates.
CONCLUSIONS
Clinical C. albicans isolates had low antifungal resistance.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE
The presence of concomitant systemic comorbidities appears to be an essential factor that should be considered when evaluating resistance to antifungals for oral isolates.
Topics: Humans; Antifungal Agents; Candida albicans; Candidiasis; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Drug Resistance, Fungal; Mouth
PubMed: 36167858
DOI: 10.1007/s00784-022-04716-2