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Journal of Oral Rehabilitation Dec 2017Oral food perception depends on somatosensory information that includes taste and can be modified by oral components and/or functions such as mastication. The purpose of... (Review)
Review
Oral food perception depends on somatosensory information that includes taste and can be modified by oral components and/or functions such as mastication. The purpose of this study was to describe the interplay between oral health, mastication and taste. A review according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses checklist was conducted on 615 publications found by both PubMed and backward research. Thirty-one studies have been included. The results showed that the decline in taste ability observed during the healthy ageing process could be potentiated by the deterioration of oral health and poor oral hygiene. Prosthetic treatment could modify taste ability and oral food perception. A palatal covering with removable dentures can have an impact on taste perception which may depend on taste modality. During the mastication sequence, taste is apparently scattered throughout the oral cavity, probably through saliva. The deterioration of masticatory function modifies taste perception. Oral health and oral care should consider factors influencing patients' food perception and relations between taste and mastication. Therefore, dentists may modulate these factors to improve food perception and patients' eating pleasure and quality of life.
Topics: Checklist; Deglutition; Eating; Food Preferences; Humans; Mastication; Mouth; Oral Health; Quality of Life; Salivation; Taste Perception
PubMed: 28600840
DOI: 10.1111/joor.12535 -
European Review For Medical and... Sep 2018In recent years metagenomic analysis has become more accessible for the characterization of biological specimens. There has been an important increase of studies using...
OBJECTIVE
In recent years metagenomic analysis has become more accessible for the characterization of biological specimens. There has been an important increase of studies using this technique for subgingival human samples. To date, there are no updated systematic reviews on the relationship between oral microbiota and periodontal disease. The aim of the present systematic review was to update data about studies concerning the influences of changes in oral microbiota composition on the periodontal status in human subjects.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
An electronic search was conducted in four databases (MEDLINE, Scopus, CENTRAL and Web of Science) for articles published in English from January 2014 to April 2018. In vitro or animal studies, case reports, case series, retrospective studies, review articles, abstracts and discussions were excluded. Also, studies that evaluated less than 5 microbial species, only viruses or already known periodontal pathogens were excluded. Two independent researches selected the studies and extracted the data. The quality of evidence was assessed as high, moderate or low for each microorganism.
RESULTS
Eight studies and three additional publications recovered from the bibliography search of the selected articles were included in the review. The Bacteria domain was the main detected among the others and it included 53 species. The review confirmed the presence of recognized periodontal pathogens such as the members of the red complex but also identified, with high weight of evidence, the presence of new pathogens.
CONCLUSIONS
The results of this systematic review support high evidence for the association of 3 new species/genera with the etiology of periodontitis. Future investigations on the actual role of these new pathogens in the onset and progression of the disease are needed.
Topics: Humans; Microbiota; Mouth; Periodontal Diseases
PubMed: 30280756
DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201809_15903 -
Adverse effects of lingual and buccal orthodontic techniques: A systematic review and meta-analysis.American Journal of Orthodontics and... Jun 2016The aim of this systematic review was to assess the prevalence of adverse effects associated with lingual and buccal fixed orthodontic techniques. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
INTRODUCTION
The aim of this systematic review was to assess the prevalence of adverse effects associated with lingual and buccal fixed orthodontic techniques.
METHODS
Two authors searched the PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and LILACS databases up to October 2014. Agreement between the authors was quantified by the Cohen kappa statistic. The following variables were analyzed: pain, caries, eating and speech difficulties, and oral hygiene. The Newcastle-Ottawa scale was used to assess risk of bias in nonrandomized studies, and the Cochrane Collaboration's tool for assessing risk of bias was used for randomized controlled trials.
RESULTS
Eight articles were included in this systematic review. Meta-analysis showed a statistically greater risk of pain of the tongue (odds ratio [OR], 28.32; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 8.60-93.28; P <0.001), cheeks (OR, 0.087; 95% CI, 0.036-0.213; P <0.0010), and lips (OR, 0.13; 95% CI, 0.04-0.39; P <0.001), as well as for the variables of speech difficulties (OR, 9.39; 95% CI, 3.78-23.33; P <0.001) and oral hygiene (OR, 3.49; 95% CI, 1.02-11.95; P = 0.047) with lingual orthodontics. However, no statistical difference was found with respect to eating difficulties (OR, 3.74; 95% CI, 0.86-16.28; P = 0.079) and caries (OR, 1.15; 95% CI, 0.17-7.69; P = 0.814 [Streptococcus mutans] and OR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.20-2.23; P = 0.515 [Lactobacillus]).
CONCLUSIONS
This systematic review suggests that patients wearing lingual appliances have more pain, speech difficulties, and problems in maintaining adequate oral hygiene, although no differences for eating and caries risk were identified. Further prospective studies involving larger sample sizes and longer follow-up periods are needed to confirm these results.
Topics: Humans; Malocclusion; Mouth; Orthodontic Appliance Design; Orthodontic Appliances; Orthodontics; Pain; Tongue
PubMed: 27241992
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2015.11.031 -
BMC Oral Health Jan 2024Since AI algorithms can analyze patient data, medical records, and imaging results to suggest treatment plans and predict outcomes, they have the potential to support... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Since AI algorithms can analyze patient data, medical records, and imaging results to suggest treatment plans and predict outcomes, they have the potential to support pathologists and clinicians in the diagnosis and treatment of oral and maxillofacial pathologies, just like every other area of life in which it is being used. The goal of the current study was to examine all of the trends being investigated in the area of oral and maxillofacial pathology where AI has been possibly involved in helping practitioners.
METHODS
We started by defining the important terms in our investigation's subject matter. Following that, relevant databases like PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched using keywords and synonyms for each concept, such as "machine learning," "diagnosis," "treatment planning," "image analysis," "predictive modelling," and "patient monitoring." For more papers and sources, Google Scholar was also used.
RESULTS
The majority of the 9 studies that were chosen were on how AI can be utilized to diagnose malignant tumors of the oral cavity. AI was especially helpful in creating prediction models that aided pathologists and clinicians in foreseeing the development of oral and maxillofacial pathology in specific patients. Additionally, predictive models accurately identified patients who have a high risk of developing oral cancer as well as the likelihood of the disease returning after treatment.
CONCLUSIONS
In the field of oral and maxillofacial pathology, AI has the potential to enhance diagnostic precision, personalize care, and ultimately improve patient outcomes. The development and application of AI in healthcare, however, necessitates careful consideration of ethical, legal, and regulatory challenges. Additionally, because AI is still a relatively new technology, caution must be taken when applying it to this industry.
Topics: Humans; Algorithms; Artificial Intelligence; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Medical Records; Mouth; Face
PubMed: 38263027
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03533-7 -
European Archives of Paediatric... Jun 2021To evaluate and assess the current knowledge about apexification and regenerative techniques as a meaningful treatment modality and to map the scientific evidence for...
PURPOSE
To evaluate and assess the current knowledge about apexification and regenerative techniques as a meaningful treatment modality and to map the scientific evidence for the efficacy of both methods for the management of traumatised immature teeth with pulp necrosis and apical periodontitis.
METHODS
This systematic review searched five databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Ovid (Medline), and Embase. Published articles written in English were considered for inclusion. The following keywords were used: Regenerative endodontic treatment OR regenerat* OR revital* OR endodontic regeneration OR regenerative endodontics OR pulp revascularization OR revasculari* OR 'traumatized immature teeth'. Only peer-reviewed studies with a study size of at least 20 cases followed up for 24 months were included. Eligibility assessment was performed independently in a blinded manner by three reviewers and disagreements were resolved by consensus. Subgroup analyses were performed on three clinical outcomes: survival, success, and continued root development.
RESULTS
Seven full texts out of 1359 citations were included and conventional content analysis was performed. Most of the identified citations were case reports and case series.
CONCLUSIONS
In the present systematic review, the qualitative analysis revealed that both regenerative and apexification techniques had equal rates of success and survival and proved to be effective in the treatment of immature necrotic permanent teeth. Endodontic regenerative techniques appear to be superior to apexification techniques in terms of stimulation of root maturation, i.e. root wall thickening and root lengthening. Knowledge gaps were identified regarding the treatment and follow-up protocols for both techniques.
Topics: Apexification; Dental Pulp; Dental Pulp Necrosis; Dentition, Permanent; Humans; Periapical Periodontitis; Root Canal Therapy
PubMed: 33420674
DOI: 10.1007/s40368-020-00575-1 -
Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial... Oct 2016The purpose of this study was to identify whether there is scientific evidence to support excision of the overlying mucosa (EOM) in conjunction with cyst enucleation to... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to identify whether there is scientific evidence to support excision of the overlying mucosa (EOM) in conjunction with cyst enucleation to decrease the recurrence rate (RR) of keratocystic odontogenic tumors (KOTs).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A systematic review with meta-analysis conforming to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines was performed. A comprehensive search of 3 major databases through PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane CENTRAL was conducted to identify all relevant articles published without date or language restrictions from inception to December 2015. Eligible articles were selected based on the following inclusion criteria: randomized, prospective, or retrospective studies comparing enucleation with EOM to enucleation without EOM for patients with KOTs. The predictor variable was treatment group (enucleation with EOM vs enucleation without EOM). The outcome variables were RR of KOTs, presence of epithelial islands and microcysts in the excised overlying mucosa, and correlation between recurrent cortically perforated KOTs. A weighted RR and odds ratio (OR; using a random- or fixed-effect model) and the Mantel-Haenszel test with 95% confidence interval (CI) were performed using comprehensive meta-analysis software.
RESULTS
Eleven studies were included in this review. There was no significant difference between enucleation with and without EOM (random; OR = 3.259; 95%, 0.975-10.901, P = 0.055). The weighted event rates for enucleation with Carnoy's solution plus EOM and enucleation without EOM in cortically perforated lesions were 6.2% (random; 95% CI, 2.6-14) and 9.1% (random; 95% CI, 1.6-38.2), respectively. The weighted event rate for the presence of epithelial islands and microcysts in overlying mucosa of KOTs was 68.8% (random; 95% CI, 27.2-92.9).
CONCLUSION
The results of this study suggest that enucleation of KOTs plus the use of Carnoy's solution or liquid nitrogen (when indicated) should be combined with EOM to obtain the lowest RR, specifically for retromandibular trigone, posterior maxillary, and cortically perforated lesions. However, the results from this study do not provide sufficient scientific evidence for EOM in combination with enucleation of KOTs.
Topics: Acetic Acid; Chloroform; Cryotherapy; Ethanol; Humans; Mouth Mucosa; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Odontogenic Tumors
PubMed: 27134155
DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2016.03.043 -
Head & Neck Dec 2009The aim of this study was to inform an evidence-based management policy for oral dysplastic lesions. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
The aim of this study was to inform an evidence-based management policy for oral dysplastic lesions.
METHODS
Systematic review was performed with meta-analysis. Studies reporting follow-up of patients with histologically confirmed oral dysplasia were included. Outcome measures included malignant transformation rate (MTR) and time to malignant transformation (TMT). Subgroup analysis was performed by histologic grade, clinical risk factors, and treatment modality. Heterogeneity was assessed.
RESULTS
Fourteen nonrandomized studies, reporting on 992 patients, were included. There was considerable heterogeneity between studies: mean overall MTR = 12.1% (confidence interval: 8.1%, 17.9%) and mean TMT = 4.3 years. Histologic grade significantly affected mean MTR (p < .008). Lesions that were not excised demonstrated considerably higher MTR than those that were excised (p = .003).
CONCLUSIONS
Oral dysplasia showed a significant rate of transformation to cancer, which was related to grade and was decreased significantly but not eliminated by excision. This suggested the need for excision and continued surveillance.
Topics: Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; Clinical Trials as Topic; Evidence-Based Medicine; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Hyperplasia; Incidence; Male; Mouth; Mouth Diseases; Mouth Neoplasms; Precancerous Conditions; Risk Assessment
PubMed: 19455705
DOI: 10.1002/hed.21131 -
The Journal of Contemporary Dental... Nov 2023This article aimed to review the association of oral microbiota with digestive cancer (DC).
AIM
This article aimed to review the association of oral microbiota with digestive cancer (DC).
BACKGROUND
Oral microbiota is one of the most complex ecosystems in our body. The mouth, from which the digestive system starts, may be a source of an abundant taxonomic group of microbiotas that travel to the digestive system followed by growth, reproduction, and settlement, forming a complex microecological environment causing systemic and gastrointestinal (GI) disease.
REVIEW RESULTS
A total of 14 articles were chosen for review. Most studies were case-control. Both positive and negative associations were seen between oral microbiome and DC.
CONCLUSION
Digestive cancer may be associated with distinctive oral microbial character.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
The present systematic review enlightens the risk of digestive carcinoma with oral microbiota that may act as a biomarker for early diagnosis of DC in a more comfortable, acceptable, and noninvasive way. How to cite this article: Ikbal SKA, Yadav SK, Mehrotra R, . Oral Microbiota as a Diagnostic Biomarker of Digestive Cancer: A Systematic Review. J Contemp Dent Pract 2023;24(11):902-911.
Topics: Humans; Biomarkers; Microbiota; Mouth; Neoplasms
PubMed: 38238280
DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-3598 -
Archives of Disease in Childhood Dec 2007A torn labial frenum is widely regarded as pathognomonic of abuse. (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
A torn labial frenum is widely regarded as pathognomonic of abuse.
METHODS
We systematically reviewed the evidence for this, and to define other intra-oral injuries found in physical abuse. Nine studies documented abusive torn labial frena in 27 children and 24 [corrected] were fatally abused: 22 were less than 5 years old. Only a direct blow to the face was substantiated as a mechanism of injury.
RESULTS
Two studies noted accidentally torn labial frena, both from intubation. Abusive intra-oral injuries were widely distributed to the lips, gums, tongue and palate and included fractures, intrusion and extraction of the dentition, bites and contusions.
CONCLUSIONS
Current literature does not support the diagnosis of abuse based on a torn labial frenum in isolation. The intra-oral hard and soft tissue should be examined in all suspected abuse cases, and a dental opinion sought where abnormalities are found.
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Child Abuse; Child, Preschool; Gingiva; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Labial Frenum; Lacerations; Lip; Mouth; Palate; Tooth Injuries
PubMed: 17468129
DOI: 10.1136/adc.2006.113001 -
International Journal of Environmental... May 2023Piercing insertion is a common practice among people of all ages for different reasons (e.g., esthetics, culture, religion). In the oral cavity, the jewel can be placed... (Review)
Review
Piercing insertion is a common practice among people of all ages for different reasons (e.g., esthetics, culture, religion). In the oral cavity, the jewel can be placed in the lips, cheeks, tongue, and frenulum. The presence of an oral piercing could cause local and systemic complications in the short term. In the long term, irreversible damage may occur to the hard and soft tissues of the oral cavity. Different authors in the past have produced publications focusing on this issue. This study analyzes 10 published articles sourced from online databases according to the PRISMA flowchart. These articles were chosen from the 501 suitable papers initially found. PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus were used as the online databases for searching for papers that matched the topic, using the keywords "complication" and "oral piercing". The purpose of this review is to describe and analyze all possible complications related to the presence of a piercing in the mouth. Local and systemic complications are related to the presence of plaque and localized pathogenic micro-organisms that can spread via the bloodstream, although they rarely occur in patients without predisposing conditions. Maintaining proper oral hygiene and frequent check-ups are essential to avoid the onset of complications.
Topics: Humans; Tongue; Lip; Face; Gastrointestinal Tract
PubMed: 37174261
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20095744