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The World Journal of Men's Health Jul 2022Oocytes and spermatozoa are electrogenic cells with the ability to respond to electrical stimuli and modulate their electrical properties accordingly. Determination of...
PURPOSE
Oocytes and spermatozoa are electrogenic cells with the ability to respond to electrical stimuli and modulate their electrical properties accordingly. Determination of the ionic events during the gamete maturation helps to design suitable culture media for gametes in assisted reproductive technology (ART). The present systematic review focuses on the electrophysiology of human gametes during different stages of maturation and also during fertilization.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The reports published in the English language between January 2000 and July 2021 were extracted from various electronic scientific databases following the PRISMA checklist using specific MeSH keywords.
RESULTS
Subsequent to the screening process with defined inclusion and exclusion criteria, 60 articles have been included in this review. Among them, 11 articles were directly related to the electrophysiology of human oocytes and 49 physiology department to the electrophysiology of human spermatozoa.
CONCLUSIONS
Gametes generate electrical currents by ionic exchange, particularly Na, K, Cl, H, Zn, Cu, Se, Mg, HCO, and Ca through specific ion channels in different stages of gamete maturation. The ionic concentrations, pH, and other physicochemical variables are modulated during the gametogenesis, maturation, activation, and the fertilization process following gamete function and metabolism. The electrical properties of human gametes change during different stages of maturation. Although it is demonstrated that the electrical properties are significant regulators of cell signaling and are fundamental to gamete maturation and fertilization, their exact roles in these processes are still poorly understood. Further research is required to unveil the intricate electrophysiological processes of human gamete maturation.
PubMed: 35021309
DOI: 10.5534/wjmh.210107 -
Best Practice & Research. Clinical... Mar 2023The available literature is controversial regarding the association between the number of oocytes retrieved and the cumulative live birth rate (CLBR). Although some... (Review)
Review
The available literature is controversial regarding the association between the number of oocytes retrieved and the cumulative live birth rate (CLBR). Although some authors report a continuous increase in the CLBR with the number of oocytes retrieved, others have found a plateau. A systematic review was conducted, including all eligible studies published until June 2022, to determine the optimal number of oocytes retrieved to maximize the CLBR. We found a positive association between the number of oocytes and the CLBR. However, this association varies according to patients' age. While in patients younger than 35 years, little benefit is derived from increasing the number of oocytes above 25-30, in patients older than 35 years, the number of oocytes seems to improve the CLBR until the extreme of reproductive age is reached. In women aged 44 years or older, the CLBR will be consistently low, independent of the number of oocytes retrieved.
Topics: Pregnancy; Female; Humans; Birth Rate; Pregnancy Rate; Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic; Ovulation Induction; Oocyte Retrieval; Live Birth; Oocytes; Fertilization in Vitro
PubMed: 36707342
DOI: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2022.102307 -
European Journal of Obstetrics,... Nov 2017Increasing evidence indicates that a dual trigger (a gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonist [GnRH-a] with a human chorionic gonadotrophin [hCG] trigger) is the best... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Dual trigger of final oocyte maturation with a combination of GnRH agonist and hCG versus a hCG alone trigger in GnRH antagonist cycle for in vitro fertilization: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
OBJECTIVE
Increasing evidence indicates that a dual trigger (a gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonist [GnRH-a] with a human chorionic gonadotrophin [hCG] trigger) is the best choice for final oocyte maturation in the GnRH antagonist (GnRH-ant) cycle. However, this conclusion remains controversial. Therefore, we performed this meta-analysis to systematically evaluate the efficacy of a GnRH-a combined with a standard hCG trigger in comparison with hCG alone for final oocyte maturation in the GnRH-ant cycle for in vitro fertilization.
STUDY DESIGN
Complete electronic databases, including PubMed, Embase, The Cochrane Library, and Web of Science, were searched for relevant randomized controlled trials (RCT). The search was not restricted by language or publication time. Two reviewers selected trials and assessed trial quality independently by using the Cochrane Handbook 5.1.0.
RESULTS
Four eligible RCT studies involving 527 women were included. The results of this meta-analysis indicated that the dual trigger group had a significantly higher pregnancy rate (relative risk [RR], 1.55; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.17-2.06) than the hCG-only trigger group. No significant differences were found in the number of oocytes retrieved (weighted mean difference [WMD], 0.47; 95% CI, -0.42 to 1.37), number of mature oocytes retrieved (WMD, 0.41; 95% CI, -0.48 to 1.30), number of fertilized oocytes (WMD, 0.47; 95% CI, -0.32 to 1.26), number of good-quality embryos (WMD, 0.17; 95% CI, -0.29 to 0.64), or implantation rate (RR, 1.17; 95% CI, 0.69-2.00) between the two groups.
CONCLUSION
GnRH-a and hCG as dual trigger was equivalent to hCG in triggering oocyte maturation and may be beneficial in improving reproductive outcomes. Further intensive randomized-controlled studies should be conducted to investigate the efficacy of the dual trigger.
Topics: Chorionic Gonadotropin; Female; Fertilization in Vitro; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; Humans; Oocyte Retrieval; Oocytes; Ovulation Induction; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Rate; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
PubMed: 28957685
DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2017.09.004 -
Reproductive Biomedicine Online Mar 2016The human oocyte is surrounded by hyaluronic acid, which acts as a natural selector of spermatozoa. Human sperm that express hyaluronic acid receptors and bind to... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
The human oocyte is surrounded by hyaluronic acid, which acts as a natural selector of spermatozoa. Human sperm that express hyaluronic acid receptors and bind to hyaluronic acid have normal shape, minimal DNA fragmentation and low frequency of chromosomal aneuploidies. Use of hyaluronic acid binding assays in intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles to improve clinical outcomes has been studied, although none of these studies had sufficient statistical power. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, electronic databases were searched up to June 2015 to identify studies of ICSI cycles in which spermatozoa able to bind hyaluronic acid was selected. The main outcomes were fertilization rate and clinical pregnancy rate. Secondary outcomes included cleavage rate, embryo quality, implantation rate, spontaneous abortion and live birth rate. Seven studies and 1437 cycles were included. Use of hyaluronic acid binding sperm selection technique yielded no improvement in fertilization and pregnancy rates. A meta-analysis of all available studies showed an improvement in embryo quality and implantation rate; an analysis of prospective studies only showed an improvement in embryo quality. Evidence does not support routine use of hyaluronic acid binding assays in all ICSI cycles. Identification of patients that might benefit from this technique needs further study.
Topics: Embryo Implantation; Female; Fertilization; Humans; Hyaluronic Acid; Male; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Rate; Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic; Sperm-Ovum Interactions; Spermatozoa
PubMed: 26776822
DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2015.12.001 -
Human Fertility (Cambridge, England) Sep 2018This review aims to provide an up-to-date knowledge of the psychosocial aspects of egg donation from the perspectives of the egg share donor and their recipient. It... (Review)
Review
This review aims to provide an up-to-date knowledge of the psychosocial aspects of egg donation from the perspectives of the egg share donor and their recipient. It explores the motives, experiences and attitudes of egg sharers and their views towards donor anonymity and disclosure. Conclusions are made on how these findings can guide clinical practice and improve egg sharing numbers. A systematic search of peer-reviewed journals of four computerized databases was undertaken. Eleven studies were included in the review. Psychosocial aspects towards donation were positive from the egg share donor and recipient. Concerns raised were whether participating in the egg sharing scheme would impact on their success rates, as well as frustration expressed by a minority regarding the lack of knowledge of egg sharing outside of fertility clinics. The 2005 legislative changes in the UK have not caused the anticipated dramatic decrease in egg donation; however, oocyte donation still falls short of demand. Egg sharing provides a practical option for more patients to access IVF, whilst also providing more donor oocytes. Improved information provision will result in greater awareness of egg sharing, with the potential to recruit more donors and meet the needs of recipients currently on long waiting lists.
Topics: Confidentiality; Donor Conception; Female; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Humans; Infertility, Female; Motivation; Ovum; Pregnancy; Psychosocial Support Systems; Self Disclosure; Stress, Psychological; United Kingdom
PubMed: 28549399
DOI: 10.1080/14647273.2017.1329554 -
Journal of Pediatric Surgery Nov 2019The purpose of this systematic review by the American Pediatric Surgical Cancer Committee was to summarize evidence from the current medical literature regarding...
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE
The purpose of this systematic review by the American Pediatric Surgical Cancer Committee was to summarize evidence from the current medical literature regarding fertility restoration and hormone replacement for female children and adolescents treated with gonadotoxic treatments.
METHODS
Using PRISMA guidelines, questions were addressed by searching Medline, Cochrane, Embase Central and National clearing house databases using relevant search terms. Eligible studies included those that addressed ovarian tissue cryopreservation (OTC), oocyte harvest, ovarian transposition, and ovarian tissue auto-transplantation for females under the age of 20. Four reviewers independently screened studies for eligibility, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias. Study outcomes were summarized in a narrative synthesis.
RESULTS
Two thousand two hundred seventy-six studies were identified by database search and manual review and 2185 were eliminated based on defined exclusion criteria. Ninety-one studies served as the basis for the systematic review. There were 1019 patients who underwent OTC with ages ranging from 0.4 to 20.4 years old, with 298 under the age of 13. Twenty patients aged 13-20 years old underwent successful oocyte harvest. Thirty-seven children underwent ovarian transposition as a means of fertility preservation. Eighteen patients underwent auto-transplantation of thawed ovarian cortical tissue that was harvested before the age of 21 years resulting in 10 live births.
CONCLUSIONS
Clinically accepted and experimental fertility preservation options such as OTC, oocyte cryopreservation, and ovarian transposition are available to females aged 20 years and younger who are at risk for premature ovarian insufficiency and infertility due to gonadotoxic treatments. There is a large cohort of pediatric-aged patients, with a wide variety of diagnoses and treatments, who have undergone fertility preservation. Currently, fertility and hormone restoration experience for patients who were 20- years of age or younger at the time of fertility preservation remains limited.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
IV.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Antineoplastic Agents; Child; Child, Preschool; Cohort Studies; Cryopreservation; Female; Fertility Preservation; Humans; Infant; Neoplasms; Oocytes; Ovary; Young Adult
PubMed: 30773394
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2018.12.021 -
Archives of Toxicology Oct 2021In the female reproductive tract, oocytes and embryos are in a dark environment, while during the in vitro fertilization (IVF) they are exposed to various visible and...
In the female reproductive tract, oocytes and embryos are in a dark environment, while during the in vitro fertilization (IVF) they are exposed to various visible and invisible lights such as daylight, microscope, and laminar hood fluorescent lights. Studies have shown that light could damage cellular compartments of oocytes and embryos and consequently decrease rates of fertilization, development, and blastocyst formation. However, due to the lack of consensus about the effects of light on the embryos, and subsequently the inability to make definitive decisions regarding the light exposure management to improve IVF results, in the present study, we systematically reviewed the effect of light with different wavelengths and intensities on pre-implantation embryos. The toxic impact of light depends on the wavelength, intensity, and duration of light exposure and also the stage of embryo. Therefore, reducing the observation time of embryos out of the incubator and also using light filters can alleviate the detrimental effect of light in IVF labs.
Topics: Animals; Blastocyst; Embryo Culture Techniques; Embryonic Development; Female; Fertilization in Vitro; Humans; Light; Oocytes; Time Factors
PubMed: 34448882
DOI: 10.1007/s00204-021-03139-4 -
Anticancer Research Jun 2015To explore the new as well as the currently available options and strategies that can be used for emergency fertility preservation of female cancer patients, a... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
To explore the new as well as the currently available options and strategies that can be used for emergency fertility preservation of female cancer patients, a systematic literature review was performed for all full-text articles published in PubMed in English language in the past 15 years according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Although under-utilized, several established, experimental and debatable options exist and can be used for emergency fertility preservation in females. Such options include emergency ovarian stimulation, embryo freezing, egg freezing, ovarian tissue freezing and autotransplantation, in vitro maturation, and ovarian protection techniques. This article describes and evaluates in detail the advantages and disadvantages of each option and suggests a new comprehensive multi-step strategy for emergency fertility preservation of female patients with cancer.
Topics: Cryopreservation; Female; Fertility Preservation; Humans; In Vitro Oocyte Maturation Techniques; Infertility, Female; Neoplasms; Oocytes; Ovary
PubMed: 26026071
DOI: No ID Found -
Asian Journal of Andrology 2021Many azoospermic men do not possess mature spermatozoa at the time of surgical sperm extraction. This study is a systematic review and meta-analysis evaluating outcomes... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Many azoospermic men do not possess mature spermatozoa at the time of surgical sperm extraction. This study is a systematic review and meta-analysis evaluating outcomes following round spermatid injection (ROSI), a technique which utilizes immature precursors of spermatozoa for fertilization. An electronic search was performed to identify relevant articles published through October 2018. Human cohort studies in English involving male patients who had round spermatids identified and used for fertilization with human oocytes were included. Fertilization rate, pregnancy rate, and resultant delivery rate were assessed following ROSI. Meta-analysis outcomes were analyzed using a random-effects model. Data were extracted from 22 studies involving 1099 couples and 4218 embryo transfers. The fertilization rate after ROSI was 38.7% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 31.5%-46.3%), while the pregnancy rate was 3.7% (95% CI: 3.2%-4.4%). The resultant delivery rate was low, with 4.3% of embryo transfers resulting in a delivery (95% CI: 2.3%-7.7%). The pregnancy rate per couple was 13.4% (95% CI: 6.8%-19.1%) and the resultant delivery rate per couple was 8.1% (95% CI: 6.1%-14.4%). ROSI has resulted in clinical pregnancies and live births, but success rates are considerably lower than those achieved with mature spermatozoa. While this technique may be a feasible alternative for men with azoospermia who decline other options, couples should be aware that the odds of a successful delivery are greatly diminished and the prognosis is relatively poor.
Topics: Humans; Male; Oocytes; Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic; Spermatids
PubMed: 33565426
DOI: 10.4103/aja.aja_85_20 -
BioMed Research International 2013The limited predictive value of semen analysis in achieving natural conception or in IVF outcome confirms the need for sperm function tests to determine optimal... (Review)
Review
The limited predictive value of semen analysis in achieving natural conception or in IVF outcome confirms the need for sperm function tests to determine optimal management. We reviewed HZA and SPA predictive power in IVF outcome, with statistical significance of diagnostic power of the assays. HZA was readily efficient in predicting IVF outcome, while evident inconsistency among the studies analysed framed the SPA's role in male fertility evaluation. Considerable variation was noted in the diagnostic accuracy values of SPA with wide sensitivity (52-100%), specificity (0-100%), and PPV (18-100%) and NPV (0-100%) together with fluctuation and notable differentiation in methodology and cutoff values employed by each group. HZA methodology was overall consistent with minor variation in cutoff values and oocyte source, while data analysis reported strong correlation between HZA results with IVF outcome, high sensitivity (75-100%), good specificity (57-100%), and high PPV (79-100%) and NPV (68-100%). HZA correlated well with IVF outcome and demonstrated better sensitivity/specificity and positive/negative predictive power. Males with normal or slightly abnormal semen profiles could benefit by this intervention and could be evaluated prior to referral to assisted reproduction. HZA should be used in a sequential fashion with semen analysis and potentially other bioassays in an IVF setting.
Topics: Female; Fertilization in Vitro; Humans; Male; Predictive Value of Tests; Pregnancy; Semen Analysis; Sperm-Ovum Interactions; Treatment Outcome; Zona Pellucida
PubMed: 24228261
DOI: 10.1155/2013/945825