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International Journal of Clinical... Apr 2021To investigate the association of adherent perinephric fat (APF) with perioperative outcomes, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature to... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
To investigate the association of adherent perinephric fat (APF) with perioperative outcomes, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature to clarify the impact of APF in patients undergoing partial nephrectomy. A systematic literature search using the Medline, Scopus, and Cochrane databases was performed in April 2019 and updated in November 2019 to identify studies investigating the effect of APF on perioperative outcomes in patients treated with partial nephrectomy with the aim of evaluating its impact on intraoperative, postoperative and oncological outcomes. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used to assess the quality of the included studies. A total of 1534 patients in nine nonrandomized, observational studies met our inclusion criteria. Patients with APF were significantly older (p = 0.0001), had a higher BMI (p = 0.0001) and were predominately male (p = 0.003). APF was associated with a higher operative time (p = 0.001) and higher blood loss (p = 0.002). No significant impact of APF was found in terms of postoperative complications, positive margins or length of stay. APF was also found to be associated with malignant renal histology of RCC on final pathology (p = 0.005). APF was associated with some adverse perioperative outcomes, especially a prolonged operating time and higher blood loss. In addition, APF was also associated with underlying renal malignancy, but the precise causal mechanism requires further exploration.
Topics: Adipose Tissue; Body Mass Index; Humans; Kidney; Kidney Neoplasms; Male; Nephrectomy; Postoperative Complications; Robotic Surgical Procedures; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 33502646
DOI: 10.1007/s10147-021-01871-6 -
Journal of Cancer 2019: Cryoablation has been considered as the most efficacious ablative alternative to partial nephrectomy (PN) for selected patients. Our objective is to assess the... (Review)
Review
: Cryoablation has been considered as the most efficacious ablative alternative to partial nephrectomy (PN) for selected patients. Our objective is to assess the existing evidence relating to the safety and efficacy of cryoablation compared with PN for clinical T1 renal masses. : A comprehensive search of PMC, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library was conducted to identify studies containing comparison of cryoablation and PN. By utilizing those included studies, a systematic review and cumulative meta-analyses were performed to assess the safety and efficacy between cryoablation and PN for T1 renal masses. : 17 retrospective studies providing available data were included in our study. Significant differences were found about all oncological variables including all-cause death, cancer-specific death, metastasis and local-recurrence (p < 0.001, p = 0.03, p < 0.001, and p < 0.001, respectively) between the PN group and the cryoablation group. The mean difference between two groups for percent estimated glomerular filtration rate decrease and creatinine increase was -4.84 and 0.15 respectively (p < 0.001 and p = 0.006, respectively). The incidences of overall and postoperative complications in the PN group were significantly higher than that in the cryoablation group (p = 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively), but the result about intraoperative complications didn't show a significant difference between the two groups (p = 0.53). : Comparing with PN, cryoablation for clinical T1 renal tumors is associated with poorer oncological outcomes, but the existing disadvantages are accompanied by lower rate of overall and postoperative complications and superior renal functional preservation. For patients with imperative indications for nephron-sparing surgery who can't risk more invasive PN, cryoablation could be an attractive option. Owing to the inherent limitations of eligible studies, conclusions drawn from our meta-analyses should be interpreted cautiously and be confirmed further with well-designed randomized controlled trials with extensive follow-up length.
PubMed: 30854132
DOI: 10.7150/jca.28881 -
Journal of Vascular and Interventional... Jan 2018A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials was undertaken to compare percutaneous thermal ablation versus partial nephrectomy (PN) for stage T1 renal... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
PURPOSE
A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials was undertaken to compare percutaneous thermal ablation versus partial nephrectomy (PN) for stage T1 renal tumors.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A comprehensive search of major databases was conducted from October 2000 to July 2016. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines were followed. Incidences of all-cause mortality (ACM), cancer-specific mortality (CSM), local recurrence (LR), and metastases, as well as complication rates and changes in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), were evaluated.
RESULTS
Inclusion criteria were met by 15 of 961 papers. These studies represented 3,974 patients who had undergone an ablative procedure (cryoablation or radiofrequency ablation; n = 1,455; 37%) or PN (n = 2,519; 63%). ACM and CSM rates were higher for ablation than for PN (hazard ratio [HR], 2.11; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.54-2.87 [P < .05]; HR, 3.84; 95% CI, 1.66-8.88 [P < .05], respectively). No statistically significant difference in LR rate or risk of metastasis was seen between ablation and PN (HR, 1.32; 95% CI, 0.79-2.22 [P = .22]; HR, 1.83; 95% CI, 0.67-5.01 [P = 0.23], respectively). Complication rates were lower for ablation than for PN (13% vs 17.6%; odds ratio, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.25-0.94; P < .05). A significantly greater decrease in eGFR was observed after PN (13.09 mL/min/1.73 m) vs ablation therapy (4.47 mL/min/1.73 m).
CONCLUSIONS
Thermal ablation showed no significant difference in LR or metastases compared with PN. Thermal ablation was associated with a lower morbidity rate and a lesser reduction in eGFR compared with PN, but with higher ACM and CSM rates.
Topics: Catheter Ablation; Cryosurgery; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Humans; Kidney Neoplasms; Neoplasm Metastasis; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Neoplasm Staging; Nephrectomy; Postoperative Complications
PubMed: 29102464
DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2017.08.013 -
Urologia May 2019The debate on the pros and cons of robot-assisted partial nephrectomy performed with (on-clamp) or without (off-clamp) renal artery clamping is ongoing. The aim of this... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
The debate on the pros and cons of robot-assisted partial nephrectomy performed with (on-clamp) or without (off-clamp) renal artery clamping is ongoing. The aim of this meta-analysis is to summarize the available evidence on the comparative studies assessing the outcomes of these two approaches.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
A systematic review of the literature on PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Embase was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses Statement (PRISMA). Only comparative and case-control studies were submitted to full-text assessment and meta-analysis. RevMan 5.3 software was used.
RESULTS
From the initial retrieval of 1937 studies, 15 fulfilling inclusion criteria were selected and provided 2075 patients for analysis (702 off-clamp, 1373 on-clamp). Baseline tumor's features showed a significant difference in size (weighted mean difference: -0.58 cm; 95% confidence interval: [-1.06, -0.10]; p = 0.02) and R.E.N.A.L. score (weighted mean difference: -0.53; 95% confidence interval: [-0.81, -0.25]; p = 0.0002), but not in the exophytic property, the location, and the PADUA score. Pooled analysis revealed shorter operative time (p = 0.02) and higher estimated blood loss (p = 0.0002) for the off-clamp group. Overall complication and transfusion rates were similar, while higher major complication rate was observed in the on-clamp approach (5.6% vs 1.9%, p = 0.03). No differences in oncological outcomes were found. Finally, functional outcomes (assessed by estimated glomerular filtration rate at early postoperative, 3 month, 6 month, and last available follow-up) were not statistically different.
CONCLUSION
This meta-analysis shows that off-clamp robot-assisted partial nephrectomy is reserved to smaller renal masses. Under such conditions, no differences with the on-clamp approach emerged.
Topics: Case-Control Studies; Constriction; Humans; Nephrectomy; Renal Artery; Robotic Surgical Procedures; Surgical Instruments
PubMed: 31179885
DOI: 10.1177/0391560319847847 -
European Journal of Surgical Oncology :... Sep 2019ablative techniques have been increasing as an alternative to surgical approaches, especially in patients who are unfit for surgery. This study was performed to compare... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVES
ablative techniques have been increasing as an alternative to surgical approaches, especially in patients who are unfit for surgery. This study was performed to compare oncologic and functional outcomes after partial nephrectomy (PN) and ablation for treating clinical T1a renal masses.
METHODS
An electronic search was completed on the basis of PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. Studies comparing partial nephrectomy versus ablative therapies in patients with small renal masses were enrolled.
RESULTS
Twenty articles incorporating 5,011 patients were eligible for the present meta-analysis. Perioperative complications were fewer in the ablation group than in the PN group (OR = 0.76; 95%CI, 0.60-0.97; P = 0.025), but ablation group was associated with increased risk of local recurrence (OR = 1.88; 95%CI, 1.29-2.72; P = 0.001) and lower OS (HR = 1.53; 95% CI, 1.16-2.00; P = 0.002). CSS and DFS were comparable in two groups. Decline of renal function at 6-month follow up was lower in ablation than PN (WMD = 3.32; 95% CI, 0.04-6.60; P = 0.047). Beside, ablation had a trend towards lower reduction of renal function of long-term follow up (WMD = 3.06; 95% CI, -2.13-8.25; P = 0.247).
CONCLUSION
Compared to PN, ablation may have a significantly lower OS and higher local recurrence rates in selected patients, while CSS and DFS were comparable between the two treatments. On the other hand, ablation had a significantly decreased risk of perioperative complication and the potential advantage of long-term renal function preservation. More large randomized controlled trials are needed further to enhance the evidence of ablation in patients with small renal tumors. We believe that ablation is an attractive addition to the urologist's treatment options for small renal masses.
Topics: Ablation Techniques; Humans; Kidney Neoplasms; Neoplasm Grading; Nephrectomy
PubMed: 31171480
DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2019.05.010 -
BJU International Nov 2012What's known on the subject? and What does the study add? The literature yielded only four studies on the subject; however, no clear outcome can be taken from individual... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study Meta-Analysis Review
What's known on the subject? and What does the study add? The literature yielded only four studies on the subject; however, no clear outcome can be taken from individual studies. This review adds a meta-analysis of these four studies to make the patient cohort larger and to allow for a greater understanding of the procedure in this select group of patients. • To compare the safety and efficacy of laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN) in obese and non-obese patients. • We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE (1966 to November 2011), EMBASE (1980 to November 2011), CINAHL, Clinicaltrials.gov, Google Scholar, reference lists of articles and abstracts from conference proceedings without language restriction for studies comparing LPN in obese and non-obese patients. • Four observational cohort studies were included for 256 obese patients compared with 403 non-obese patients who underwent LPN. • There was no difference in operative duration (mean difference [MD] 5.64, 95% confidence interval [CI]-3.80 to 15.09), warm ischaemic time (MD -1.04, 95% CI -2.68 to 0.59), estimated blood loss (MD 53.73, 95% CI 0.72-106.74) or hospital stay (MD -0.04, 95% CI -0.30 to 0.22). • There was no difference in complications in total (odds ratio [OR] 1.02, 95% CI 0.70-1.49), intraoperative complications (OR 0.68, 95% CI 0.30-1.53), or postoperative complications (OR 1.15, 95% CI 0.75-1.77). • The obese group had significantly more Clavien grade III complications (OR 3.95, 95% CI 1.36-11.42), despite the low absolute incidence, with 4.3% (11/256) in the obese group vs 1.5% (6/403) in the non-obese group. • Experienced laparoscopic surgeons can safely and efficiently perform PN for obese patients with comparable results to those of non-obese patients. • The likelihood of major (Clavien Classification ≥ III) complications is higher for the obese patient.
Topics: Carcinoma, Renal Cell; Humans; Kidney Neoplasms; Laparoscopy; Middle Aged; Nephrectomy; Obesity; Operative Time
PubMed: 22471614
DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-410X.2012.11094.x -
PloS One 2013With the establishment of minimally invasive surgery in society, the robot has been increasingly widely used in the urologic field, including in partial nephrectomy.... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
With the establishment of minimally invasive surgery in society, the robot has been increasingly widely used in the urologic field, including in partial nephrectomy. This study aimed to comprehensively summarize the currently available evidence on the feasibility and safety of robotic partial nephrectomy for renal tumors of >4 cm.
METHOD AND FINDINGS
An electronic database search of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library was performed. This systematic review and meta-analysis was based on all relevant studies that assessed robotic partial nephrectomy for renal tumors of >4 cm. Five studies were included. The meta-analysis involved 3 studies from 11 institutions including 154 patients, while the narrative review involved the remaining 2 studies from 5 institutions including 64 patients. In the meta-analysis, the mean ischemic time, operation time, and console time was 28, 319, and 189 minutes, respectively. The estimated blood loss and length of stay was 317 ml and 3.8 days, respectively. The rates of conversion, positive margins, intraoperative complications, postoperative complications, hilar clamping, and collecting system repair were 7.0%, 3.5%, 7.0%, 9.8%, 93.9%, and 47.5%, respectively. The narrative review showed results similar to those of the meta-analysis.
CONCLUSIONS
Robotic partial nephrectomy is feasible and safe for renal tumors of >4 cm with an acceptable warm ischemic time, positive margin rate, conversion rate, complication rate, operation time, estimated blood loss, and length of stay.
Topics: Humans; Kidney Neoplasms; Nephrectomy; Robotics; Surgery, Computer-Assisted; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 24116024
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0075050 -
Journal of Clinical Medicine Oct 2022Robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) is used more and more in present days as a therapy option for surgical treatment of cT1 renal masses. Current guidelines... (Review)
Review
Robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) is used more and more in present days as a therapy option for surgical treatment of cT1 renal masses. Current guidelines equally recommend open (OPN), laparoscopic (LPN), or robotic partial nephrectomy (PN). The aim of this review was to analyze the most representative RAPN series in terms of reported oncological outcomes. (2) Methods: A systematic search of Webofscience, PUBMED, Clinicaltrials.gov was performed on 1 August 2022. Studies were considered eligible if they: included patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) stage T1, were prospective, used randomized clinical trials (RCT) or retrospective studies, had patients undergo RAPN with a minimum follow-up of 48 months. (3) Results: Reported positive surgical margin rates were from 0 to 10.5%. Local recurrence occurred in up to 3.6% of patients. Distant metastases were reported in up to 6.4% of patients. 5-year cancer free survival (CFS) estimates rates ranged from 86.4% to 98.4%. 5-year cancer specific survival (CSS) estimates rates ranged from 90.1% to 100%, and 5-year overall survival (OS) estimates rated ranged from 82.6% to 97.9%. (4) Conclusions: Data coming from retrospective and prospective series shows very good oncologic outcomes after RAPN. Up to now, 10-year survival outcomes were not reported. Taken together, RAPN deliver similar oncologic performance to OPN and LPN.
PubMed: 36294486
DOI: 10.3390/jcm11206165 -
Scandinavian Journal of Urology Dec 2017Current guidelines recommend partial nephrectomy for the management of T1a tumours. Adherent perinephric fat (APF) has been recognized as a complicating feature of such... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
Current guidelines recommend partial nephrectomy for the management of T1a tumours. Adherent perinephric fat (APF) has been recognized as a complicating feature of such surgery. The objective of this article was to present a systematic review of the published literature investigating APF aetiology, risk factors and outcomes.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
To identify relevant studies, the PubMed, MEDLINE, Web of Science and Google Scholar databases were searched from 1990 to 2017.
RESULTS
Eight studies studying APF were identified. The aetiology of APF appears to be multifactorial, but is thought to be associated with a systemic, chronic inflammatory state secondary to metabolic syndrome. Several risk factors have been identified. Clinically, APF is more prevalent in ageing and male populations, particularly those with high body mass index and waist measurements. Radiological risk factors for APF include increased perinephric fat thickness and stranding, which can be combined to produce the Mayo Adhesive Probability (MAP) score, a predictive index that has been validated in small, external cohorts. The presence of APF at partial nephrectomy is associated with increased operative time and estimated blood loss. However, there is no documented increase in warm ischaemia time or perioperative complications in patients with APF.
CONCLUSIONS
More studies are required to identify outcomes and risk factors for APF. Early identification of patients with APF can allow surgeons to guide preoperative planning and patient assessment.
Topics: Age Factors; Body Mass Index; Humans; Intra-Abdominal Fat; Intraoperative Complications; Kidney Neoplasms; Nephrectomy; Risk Factors; Sex Factors; Waist Circumference
PubMed: 28784033
DOI: 10.1080/21681805.2017.1357656 -
Actas Urologicas Espanolas Sep 2022Urinary fistula is expected to become more frequent in urological practice as a result of expanding indication of partial nephrectomy given it's oncological results... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Urinary fistula is expected to become more frequent in urological practice as a result of expanding indication of partial nephrectomy given it's oncological results equivalent to those of radical nephrectomy but at a lower risk of progression to chronic kidney disease, lower cardiovascular morbidity, and overall mortality.
OBJECTIVES
Review and compare different techniques of contemporary active management for urinary fistula after partial nephrectomy.
METHODS
A systematic literature search on the MEDLINE database was conducted in March 2020, combining the terms: "urine leak", "urine leakage", "urinary leak" and "urinary fistula", with: "partial nephrectomy", "nephron sparing surgery" and "renal sparing surgery". This systematic review was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines. Only articles related to active treatment were eligible. Abstracts in English and Spanish from the last two decades were screened. No restriction based on study design nor the length of follow-up.
PRIMARY OUTCOMES
1) Leak resolution rate 2) Time course of leak resolution and 3) Number of interventions needed for resolution.
RESULTS
Multiple studies were found. There were no randomized controlled trials. Urinary fistula can be solved in many ways with active treatment, with a high success rate (97.5%), an average of 1.4 intervention-per-patients and a mean time for leak resolution of 11 days (median of 3 days).
CONCLUSION
There is a high risk of bias due to the study's methodology. There is a broad range of effective alternatives and various approaches to solve urinary fistula in an appropriate timing.
Topics: Humans; Kidney; Kidney Neoplasms; Nephrectomy; Urinary Fistula
PubMed: 35780049
DOI: 10.1016/j.acuroe.2022.06.004