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Prilozi (Makedonska Akademija Na... Jun 2020One of the most important types of microorganisms in the oral cavity in both healthy and non-healthy individuals is Fusobacterium nucleatum. Although present as a normal...
INTRODUCTION
One of the most important types of microorganisms in the oral cavity in both healthy and non-healthy individuals is Fusobacterium nucleatum. Although present as a normal resident in the oral cavity, this Gram-negative pathogen is dominant in periodontal disease and it is involved in many invasive infections in the population, acute and chronic inflammatory conditions, as well as many adverse events with a fatal outcome.
AIM
To determine the role of F. nucleatum in the development of polymicrobial biofilms thus pathogenic changes in and out of the oral media.
MATERIAL AND METHOD
A systematic review of the literature concerning the determination and role of F. nucleatum through available clinical trials, literature reviews, original research and articles published electronically at Pub Med and Google Scholar.
CONCLUSION
The presence of Fusobacterium nucleatum is commonly associated with the health status of individuals. These anaerobic bacteria plays a key role in oral pathological conditions and has been detected in many systemic disorders causing complex pathogenethic changes probably due to binding ability to various cells thus several virulence mechanisms. Most common diseases and conditions in the oral cavity associated with F.nucleatum are gingivitis (G), chronic periodontitis (CH), aggressive periodontitis (AgP), endo-periodental infections (E-P), chronic apical periodontitis (PCHA). The bacterium has been identified and detected in many systemic disorders such as coronary heart disease (CVD) pathological pregnancy (P); polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), high-risk pregnancy (HRP), colorectal cancer (CRC); pre-eclampsia (PE); rheumatoid arthritis (RA); osteoarthritis (OA).
Topics: Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Biofilms; Chronic Disease; Colorectal Neoplasms; Coronary Disease; Female; Fusobacterium nucleatum; Gingivitis; Humans; Mouth; Osteoarthritis; Periodontal Diseases; Periodontitis; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Pre-Eclampsia; Pregnancy; Pregnancy, High-Risk
PubMed: 32573481
DOI: 10.2478/prilozi-2020-0026 -
Current Diabetes Reviews Jan 2024Diabetes is one of the chronic and very complex diseases that can lead to microvascular complications. Recent evidence demonstrates that dysbiosis of the microbiota...
BACKGROUND
Diabetes is one of the chronic and very complex diseases that can lead to microvascular complications. Recent evidence demonstrates that dysbiosis of the microbiota composition might result in low-grade, local, and systemic inflammation, which contributes directly to the development of diabetes mellitus and its microvascular consequences.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this systematic review was to investigate the association between diabetes microvascular complications, including retinopathy, neuropathy, nephropathy, and gut microbiota composition.
METHODS
A systematic search was carried out in PubMed, Scopus, and ISI Web of Science from database inception to March 2023. Screening, data extraction, and quality assessment were performed by two independent authors. The Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale was used for quality assessment.
RESULTS
About 19 articles were selected from 590 retrieved articles. Among the included studies, nephropathy has been studied more than other complications of diabetes, showing that the composition of the healthy microbiota is changed, and large quantities of uremic solutes that cause kidney injury are produced by gut microbes. Phyla, including Fusobacteria and Proteobacteria, accounted for the majority of the variation in gut microbiota between Type 2 diabetic patients with and without neuropathy. In cases with retinopathy, an increase in pathogenic and proinflammatory bacteria was observed.
CONCLUSION
Our results revealed that increases in Bacteroidetes, proteobacteria and fusobacteria may be associated with the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy, neuropathy, and retinopathy. In view of the detrimental role of intestinal dysbiosis in the development of diabetes-related complications, gut microbiota assessment may be used as a biomarker in the future and interventions that modulate the composition of microbiota in individuals with diabetes can be used to prevent and control these complications.
PubMed: 38275035
DOI: 10.2174/0115733998280396231212114345 -
Acta Clinica Belgica Aug 2021: Lemierre's syndrome is a septic thromboembolic complication of an oropharyngeal or neck infection, primarily caused by Fusobacterium species. Although it usually...
: Lemierre's syndrome is a septic thromboembolic complication of an oropharyngeal or neck infection, primarily caused by Fusobacterium species. Although it usually affects young healthy patients, some case reports describe this syndrome in older population.: A case report and a systematic review of the literature were conducted to investigate the late onset of Lemierre's syndrome. Forty-one articles were selected for the qualitative analysis, 39 for the quantitative analysis.: The average age of the study population was 52 years old. Diabetes mellitus and upper gastro-intestinal malignancy, common comorbidities in the study population, might play a role in the development of late-onset Lemierre's syndrome. Empiric antibiotic treatment should cover Fusobacterium and Streptococcus species both, which may cooperate to induce purulent disease. Reported unfavourable outcome was more than expected.: Lemierre's syndrome in adulthood may differ from the usual version. This disease may further pass unrecognized, if presented out of the expected age range. Nevertheless, early diagnosis and prompt treatment are a requisite to prevent morbidity and mortality, which may be higher in this older population.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Fusobacterium necrophorum; Humans; Lemierre Syndrome; Middle Aged
PubMed: 32116143
DOI: 10.1080/17843286.2020.1731661 -
Critical Reviews in Oncology/hematology Jul 2019Imbalance within the resident bacterial community (dysbiosis), rather than the presence and activity of a single organism, has been proposed to be associated with, and...
Imbalance within the resident bacterial community (dysbiosis), rather than the presence and activity of a single organism, has been proposed to be associated with, and to influence, the development and progression of various diseases; however, the existence and significance of dysbiosis in oral/oropharyngeal cancer is yet to be clearly established. A systematic search (conducted on 25/01/2018 and updated on 25/05/2018) was performed on three databases (Pubmed, Web of Science & Scopus) to identify studies employing culture-independent methods which investigated the bacterial community in oral/oropharyngeal cancer patients compared to control subjects. Of the 1546 texts screened, only fifteen publications met the pre-determined selection criteria. Data extracted from 731 cases and 809 controls overall, could not identify consistent enrichment of any particular taxon in oral/oropharyngeal cancers, although common taxa could be identified between studies. Six studies reported the enrichment of Fusobacteria in cancer at different taxonomic levels whereas four studies reported an increase in Parvimonas. Changes in microbial diversity remained inconclusive, with four studies showing a higher diversity in controls, three studies showing a higher diversity in tumors and three additional studies showing no difference between tumors and controls. Even though most studies identified a component of dysbiosis in oral/oropharyngeal cancer, methodological and analytical variations prevented a standardized summary, which highlights the necessity for studies of superior quality and magnitude employing standardized methodology and reporting. Indeed an holistic metagenomic approach is likely to be more meaningful, as is understanding of the overall metabolome, rather than a mere enumeration of the organisms present.
Topics: Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Databases, Factual; Dysbiosis; Humans; Incidence; Meta-Analysis as Topic; Mouth Neoplasms; Oropharyngeal Neoplasms
PubMed: 31112880
DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2019.04.018 -
Photochemistry and Photobiology Jul 2018The systematic review and meta-analysis were undertaken to evaluate the effectiveness of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) in the microbiological alteration... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
The systematic review and meta-analysis were undertaken to evaluate the effectiveness of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) in the microbiological alteration beneficial to peri-implantitis treatment. This study is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42017064215. Bibliographic databases including Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus and PubMed were searched from inception to 8 January 2017. The search strategy was assembled from the following MeSH Terms: "Photochemotherapy," "Dental Implants" and "Peri-Implantitis." Unspecific free-text words and related terms were also included. The Cochrane Collaboration's tool was used to evaluate the risk of bias of included studies. The random-effect model was chosen, and heterogeneity was evaluated using the I test. Three studies met the inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis demonstrated an association between aPDT and reduction in viable bacteria counts for: Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (OR = 1.31; confidence interval = 1.13, 1.49; P < 0.00001), Porphyromonas gingivalis (OR = 4.08; confidence interval = 3.22, 4.94; P < 0.00001) and Prevotella intermedia (OR = 1.66; confidence interval = 1.06, 2.26; P < 0.00001). A aPDT appears to be effective in bacterial load reduction in peri-implantitis and has a positive potential as an alternative therapy for peri-implantitis.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Colony Count, Microbial; Fusobacterium; Humans; Pasteurellaceae; Peri-Implantitis; Photochemotherapy; Porphyromonas gingivalis; Prevotella intermedia
PubMed: 29420847
DOI: 10.1111/php.12901 -
Archives of Oral Biology Sep 2020To systematically review the literature regarding the microbiota composition in various peri-implant conditions as analyzed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing methods.
OBJECTIVE
To systematically review the literature regarding the microbiota composition in various peri-implant conditions as analyzed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing methods.
METHODS
Electronic searches were conducted at MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, Embase, ScienceDirect and Web of Science databases looking for articles published up to April 2020. Observational prospective investigations were considered with systemically healthy patients and that had presented the description of the microbiota composition of peri-implantitis (PI), peri-implant mucositis (PM) and/or health implants (HI) by using 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis were considered eligible.
RESULTS
From 1,380 titles found, 8 studies were considered for qualitative analysis. One article was excluded due to high risk of bias, remaining 7 studies for descriptive analysis. In 6 out of 7 studies the PI microbiota was reported as being in relative abundance and variety though with a different composition from those with HI. There was no consensus regarding which condition had more diversity. The main observed phyla among PI were Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, Fusobacteria and Spirochaetes, while the genera were mainly Actinomyces, Eubacterium, Fusobacterium, Mogibacterium, Moraxella, Treponema and Porphyromonas. Comparisons between PI and PM microbiota showed conflicting results: one study suggested that PI has greater bacterial diversity; another study reported the opposite result, while another investigation found similar variety for both conditions.
CONCLUSIONS
The microbiota of peri-implant conditions have been reported as distinct, although the available literature presents discrepancies. Nonetheless, considering the findings in most studies, it can be suggested that the relative abundance of microbiota and bacterial diversity increased with the progress of peri-implant disease.
Topics: Bacteria; Dental Implants; Humans; Microbiota; Observational Studies as Topic; Peri-Implantitis; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
PubMed: 32512257
DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2020.104776 -
Future Medicinal Chemistry Sep 2017Resistances to antibiotics employed for treatment of infectious diseases have increased to alarming numbers making it more and more difficult to treat diseases caused by... (Review)
Review
AIM
Resistances to antibiotics employed for treatment of infectious diseases have increased to alarming numbers making it more and more difficult to treat diseases caused by microorganisms resistant to common antibiotics. Consequently, novel methods for successful inactivation of pathogens are required. In this instance, one alternative could be application of light for treatment of topical infections. Antimicrobial properties of UV light are well documented, but due to its DNA-damaging properties use for medical purposes is limited. In contrast, irradiation with visible light may be more promising.
METHODS
Literature was systematically screened for research concerning inactivation of main oral bacterial species by means of visible light.
RESULTS
Inactivation of bacterial species, especially pigmented ones, in planktonic state showed promising results. There is a lack of research examining the situation when organized as biofilms.
CONCLUSION
More research concerning situation in a biofilm state is required.
Topics: Aggregatibacter; Anti-Infective Agents; Bacteria; Escherichia coli; Fusobacterium; Humans; Light; Mouth; Porphyromonas; Prevotella; Staphylococcus; Streptococcus
PubMed: 28792235
DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2017-0051 -
Nutrients Aug 2020The aim of the study was to systematically and comprehensively evaluate whether exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) has impact on gut microbiota in patients with Crohn's...
The aim of the study was to systematically and comprehensively evaluate whether exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) has impact on gut microbiota in patients with Crohn's disease (CD). The databases PUBMED (MEDLINE), SCOPUS and WEB OF SCIENCE were searched. Out of 232 studies, 9 met inclusion criteria. The combined analyzed population consists of 118 patients with CD and treated with EEN with a time of intervention of 2-12 weeks. Studies were conducted in children, with the exception of one study. All applied feeding formulas had similar energy value and composition. The microbiome analysis was based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing of faecal samples. In all studies, EEN treatment decreases inflammatory markers (i.e., hs-CRP and FCP). A change in abundance of numerous bacterial families () was noticed, especially in . An increase in families connected to the more severe clinical course () was observed in only 2.5% of CD patients. Our analyses suggest EEN has a beneficial influence on gut microbiome in patients with CD, which is interrelated with clinical patient's improvement and time of disease remission.
Topics: Crohn Disease; Enteral Nutrition; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Humans
PubMed: 32842543
DOI: 10.3390/nu12092551