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Foods (Basel, Switzerland) Sep 2022This study aimed to conduct a systematic literature review (SLR) of the research performed in the plant-based meat analogues area. Historical, current, and future... (Review)
Review
This study aimed to conduct a systematic literature review (SLR) of the research performed in the plant-based meat analogues area. Historical, current, and future tendencies are discussed. The paper offers a comprehensive SLR coupled with a bibliometric analysis of the publication from 1972 to January 2022. The articles were obtained using a research string and precise inclusion and exclusion criteria from two prominent databases, Scopus and Web of Science (WoS). The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) flow technique was used to describe the data screening and selection. In total, 84 publications were selected for further analysis after a thorough literature assessment. From this study, six main themes were identified: (1) objectives of the study; (2) type of plant protein; (3) product type; (4) added ingredients; (5) texturization technique; and (6) quality assessment considered in the studies. Recent trends in publication imply that meat analogue technology is gaining prominence. This review revealed significant research on improving meat analogues via texturization. Even though extrusion is used industrially, the technique is still in its infancy and needs improvement. Future studies should focus more on fiber and protein-protein interactions, macromolecule conformation and mechanisms, diversifying or improving current methods, sensory attributes, and gastrointestinal absorption rate of each novel protein ingredient.
PubMed: 36140998
DOI: 10.3390/foods11182870 -
The Journal of Nutrition, Health & Aging 2021Sarcopenia is prevalent in middle-aged and older adults. A plant-based diet may be linked to changes in body composition and musculoskeletal health.
BACKGROUND
Sarcopenia is prevalent in middle-aged and older adults. A plant-based diet may be linked to changes in body composition and musculoskeletal health.
OBJECTIVE
This systematic review aimed to investigate the effects of plant-based dietary patterns on the body composition, muscle strength and function in middle-aged and older adults. PRISMA guidelines were followed.
METHOD
A systematic search was completed on databases including MEDLINE, Embase, Global Health, PREMEDLINE, Cochrane library, CINAHL and Scopus on articles published until 1st March 2019. Search terms included 'middle-aged', 'older adult', 'plant-based diet' and 'muscle strength'. Title and abstract screening were conducted on 1,868 publications after deduplication. Sample size, subject characteristics, recruitment, inclusion and exclusion criteria, dietary measures, health outcome measures, statistical results and confounders were sorted by author, study type, year and country. The quality of evidence of extracted data was assessed using the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN) and the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) tools.
RESULTS/CONCLUSIONS
17 papers were included from 31 articles selected for full review. The majority of the studies were cross-sectional studies (n = 9) and RCTs (n = 6).The remaining studies were cohort studies. Positive associations were found between plant-based dietary patterns; negative association with body composition; and inconclusive association with muscle function. However, further studies are needed to improve the understanding.
Topics: Aged; Body Composition; Diet; Humans; Middle Aged; Muscle Strength; Sarcopenia
PubMed: 34545922
DOI: 10.1007/s12603-021-1666-7 -
Global Change Biology Jan 2016Although the influence of nitrogen (N) addition on grassland plant communities has been widely studied, it is still unclear whether observed patterns and underlying... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Although the influence of nitrogen (N) addition on grassland plant communities has been widely studied, it is still unclear whether observed patterns and underlying mechanisms are constant across biomes. In this systematic review, we use meta-analysis and metaregression to investigate the influence of N addition (here referring mostly to fertilization) upon the biodiversity of temperate mountain grasslands (including montane, subalpine and alpine zones). Forty-two studies met our criteria of inclusion, resulting in 134 measures of effect size. The main general responses of mountain grasslands to N addition were increases in phytomass and reductions in plant species richness, as observed in lowland grasslands. More specifically, the analysis reveals that negative effects on species richness were exacerbated by dose (ha(-1) year(-1) ) and duration of N application (years) in an additive manner. Thus, sustained application of low to moderate levels of N over time had effects similar to short-term application of high N doses. The climatic context also played an important role: the overall effects of N addition on plant species richness and diversity (Shannon index) were less pronounced in mountain grasslands experiencing cool rather than warm summers. Furthermore, the relative negative effect of N addition on species richness was more pronounced in managed communities and was strongly negatively related to N-induced increases in phytomass, that is the greater the phytomass response to N addition, the greater the decline in richness. Altogether, this review not only establishes that plant biodiversity of mountain grasslands is negatively affected by N addition, but also demonstrates that several local management and abiotic factors interact with N addition to drive plant community changes. This synthesis yields essential information for a more sustainable management of mountain grasslands, emphasizing the importance of preserving and restoring grasslands with both low agricultural N application and limited exposure to N atmospheric deposition.
Topics: Biodiversity; Biomass; Climate; Fertilizers; Grassland; Nitrogen; Plant Development; Plants; Seasons
PubMed: 26010833
DOI: 10.1111/gcb.12986 -
The Journal of Maternal-fetal &... Feb 2022Neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) is a combination of symptoms in infants exposed to any variety of substances in utero. Information systems and registries help to...
OBJECTIVES
Neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) is a combination of symptoms in infants exposed to any variety of substances in utero. Information systems and registries help to collect information about these patients; however, there is always a deep gap between complete and accurate information to be collected, understood, and applied in the health care system; thus, defining a minimum data sets (MDS) as one of the primarily steps of designing a registry system is essential. The aim of this study was to develop an MDS of the registry for infants with NAS in Iran.
METHODS
This research is a descriptive cross-sectional study. In this study, three steps were carried out to develop the MDS including systematic review, Delphi technique, and focus group discussion. A systematic review was conducted in relevant databases to identify appropriate related data. In the second phase, a focus group discussion was used to classify the extracted data elements by contributing neonatologists. Finally, data elements were chosen through the decision Delphi technique in two distinct rounds. Collected data were analyzed using SPSS 22 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL).
RESULTS
By reviewing related papers and available NAS registries in other countries, 145 essential data elements were identified. They were classified into two main categories based on the eight experts' opinions including maternal with two sections and infant with two sections. After applying two rounds of Delphi technique, the final data elements for maternal and infant categories were 42 and 31, respectively. Thus, on completion of the survey, 73 data elements were approved.
CONCLUSION
The proposed MDS for NAS can help to store an accurate and comprehensive data, document medical records, integrate them with other information systems and registries, and communicate with other healthcare providers and healthcare centers. This MDS can contribute to the provision of high-quality care and better clinical decisions.
Topics: Cross-Sectional Studies; Delphi Technique; Focus Groups; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome; Plant Extracts; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 33047642
DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2020.1730319 -
Current Allergy and Asthma Reports Feb 2023To analyze and compare the effects of herbal medicines (HMs) for treating different forms of rhinosinusitis. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
To analyze and compare the effects of herbal medicines (HMs) for treating different forms of rhinosinusitis.
RECENT FINDINGS
Forty-seven randomized controlled trials evaluating 18 HMs in six different rhinosinusitis populations were included in the network meta-analysis. Certainty of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. For the common cold, Pelargonium sidoides offered the most beneficial effect on symptom improvement (moderate certainty of evidence). For acute post-viral rhinosinusitis, Cineole and Pelargonium sidoides were the most effective treatments for controlling symptoms (moderate certainty), while Spicae aetheroleum was most effective for health-related quality of life (HRQoL) improvement (moderate certainty). For chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps (CRSsNP), Origanum vulgare was the most beneficial treatment for improving symptoms and HRQoL (low certainty). Evidence of HMs for acute bacterial rhinosinusitis, chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps, and unclassified chronic rhinosinusitis was restricted to a limited number of studies. Adverse events should be of concern in some HMs, such as Spicae aetheroleum or Mytorl. Several HMs improved patient-important outcomes, above minimal clinically important differences, in treating common cold, acute post-viral rhinosinusitis, and CRSsNP. Further studies with adequate sample sizes and long-term follow-ups are warranted to support the current evidence.
TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER AND DATE OF REGISTRATION
PROSPERO ID: CRD42022328265 May 10, 2022.
Topics: Humans; Nasal Polyps; Common Cold; Network Meta-Analysis; Quality of Life; Sinusitis; Acute Disease; Chronic Disease; Plant Extracts
PubMed: 36609950
DOI: 10.1007/s11882-022-01060-z -
International Journal of Cosmetic... Aug 2023Sweating is the human body's thermoregulation system but also results in unpleasant body odour which can diminish the self-confidence of people. There has been continued... (Review)
Review
Sweating is the human body's thermoregulation system but also results in unpleasant body odour which can diminish the self-confidence of people. There has been continued research in finding solutions to reduce both sweating and body odour. Sweating is a result of increased sweat flow and malodour results from certain bacteria and ecological factors such as eating habits. Research on deodorant development focuses on inhibiting the growth of malodour-forming bacteria using antimicrobial agents, whereas research on antiperspirant synthesis focuses on technologies reducing the sweat flow, which not only reduces body odour but also improves people's appearance. Antiperspirant's technology is based on the use of aluminium salts which can form a gel plug at sweat pores, obstructing the sweat fluid from arising onto the skin surface. In this paper, we perform a systematic review on the recent progress in the development of novel antiperspirant and deodorant active ingredients that are alcohol-free, paraben-free, and naturally derived. Several studies have been reported on the alternative class of actives that can potentially be used for antiperspirant and body odour treatment including deodorizing fabric, bacterial, and plant extracts. However, a significant challenge is to understand how the gel-plugs of antiperspirant actives are formed in sweat pores and how to deliver long-lasting antiperspirant and deodorant benefits.
Topics: Humans; Antiperspirants; Deodorants; Body Odor; Sweating; Sweat Glands
PubMed: 36896776
DOI: 10.1111/ics.12852 -
Nutrients Apr 2023Obesity is defined as abnormal or excessive fat accumulation, provoking many different diseases, such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. Type 2 diabetes is a... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Obesity is defined as abnormal or excessive fat accumulation, provoking many different diseases, such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. Type 2 diabetes is a chronic-degenerative disease characterized by increased blood glucose levels. Obesity and type 2 diabetes are currently considered public health problems, and their prevalence has increased over the last few years. Because of the high cost involved in the treatment of both diseases, different alternatives have been sought. However, the general population uses medicinal plants, in the form of tea or infusions, to treat different diseases. Therefore, traditional medicine using medicinal plants has been investigated as a possible treatment for type 2 diabetes and body weight control.
AIM OF THE STUDY
The purpose of this review is to find medicinal plants used in Mexico that could exert their beneficial effect by regulating insulin secretion and body weight control.
MATERIAL AND METHOD
For the development of this review, Mexican plants used in traditional medicine to treat type 2 diabetes and body weight control were searched in PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus. The inclusion criteria include plants that presented a significant reduction in blood glucose levels and/or an increase in insulin secretion.
RESULTS
We found 306 Mexican plants with hypoglycemic effects. However, plants that did not show evidence of an increase in insulin secretion were eliminated. Finally, only five plants were included in this review: L. (), (), L. (), Mill. () (), including 39 articles in total. Here, we summarized the plant extracts (aqueous and organic) that have previously been reported to present hypoglycemic effects, body weight control, increased secretion and sensitivity of insulin, improvement of pancreatic β cells, and glucose tolerance. Additionally, these effects may be due to different bioactive compounds present in the plants' extracts.
CONCLUSION
Both in vivo and in vitro studies are required to understand the mechanism of action of these plant extracts regarding insulin secretion to be used as a possible treatment for type 2 diabetes and body weight control in the future.
Topics: Humans; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Blood Glucose; Mexico; Body Weight; Obesity; Coriandrum; Cucurbita; Homeostasis; Hypoglycemic Agents
PubMed: 37432178
DOI: 10.3390/nu15092070 -
Journal of Ethnopharmacology Dec 2021The presence of biofilm in oral cavity is associated with dental plaque and related diseases, including gingivitis, periodontitis and inflammatory responses. Some...
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE
The presence of biofilm in oral cavity is associated with dental plaque and related diseases, including gingivitis, periodontitis and inflammatory responses. Some medicinal plants traditionally used for biofilm-associated pathologies such as Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze, Punica granatum L. and Lippia sidoides Cham. are currently incorporated into dosage forms as antiplaque agents.
AIMS OF THE STUDY
To present the current application of medicinal plant extracts associated in drug dosages to control microbial biofilms, with emphasis on those present in the oral cavity, especially to treat dental plaque.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A PRISMA-compliant systematic search was conducted using the PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus databases. After the abstract and full-text analysis, the Cochrane Collaboration's tools for clinical studies was applied to assess the methodological quality of randomized clinical trials.
RESULTS
Of 964 potentially eligible studies, 47 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the systematic review. Camellia sinensis was the most commonly used species (8 studies), with positive results in reducing both the PI and GI in the form of mouthwash, toothpaste and gel. The Melaleuca alternifolia oil (5 studies) demonstrated low reduction in PI but important effects on GI scores. Azadirachta indica (4 studies) extracts presented efficacy similar to CHX to improve the periodontal parameters, including PI and GI. Ricinus communis oil (3 studies), despite reducing microbiological counts and GI, did not prove to be better than the hypochlorite solution, used as an alternative treatment for dentures. The main bioactive compounds described for the plant species are polyphenols, essential oils and alkaloids, most of them with identified antibiofilm activities.
CONCLUSIONS
These active species could lead to future development of safer and newer treatments for oral biofilm-associated infections. However, more studies are needed to further understand the clinical relevance of their application.
Topics: Biofilms; Humans; Mouth Diseases; Plant Extracts; Plants, Medicinal
PubMed: 34416298
DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114541 -
Frontiers in Plant Science 2022Global climate change is expected to further increase the frequency and severity of extreme events, such as high temperature/heat waves as well as drought in the future....
Global climate change is expected to further increase the frequency and severity of extreme events, such as high temperature/heat waves as well as drought in the future. Thus, how plant responds to high temperature and drought has become a key research topic. In this study, we extracted data from Web of Science Core Collections database, and synthesized plant responses to high temperature and drought based on bibliometric methods using software of R and VOSviewer. The results showed that a stabilized increasing trend of the publications (1199 papers) was found during the period of 2008 to 2014, and then showed a rapid increase (2583 papers) from year 2015 to 2021. Secondly, the top five dominant research fields of plant responses to high temperature and drought were Plant Science, Agroforestry Science, Environmental Science, Biochemistry, and Molecular Biology, respectively. The largest amount of published article has been found in the Frontiers in Plant Science journal, which has the highest global total citations and H-index. We also found that the journal of Plant Physiology has the highest local citations. From the most cited papers and references, the most important research focus was the improvement of crop yield and vegetation stress resistance. Furthermore, "drought" has been the most prominent keyword over the last 14 years, and more attention has been paid to "climate change" over the last 5 years. Under future climate change, how to regulate growth and development of food crops subjected to high temperature and drought stress may become a hotspot, and increasing research is critical to provide more insights into plant responses to high temperature and drought by linking plant above-below ground components. To summarize, this research will contribute to a comprehensive understanding of the past, present, and future research on plant responses to high temperature and drought.
PubMed: 36438139
DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1052660 -
Annals of Medicine 2023The aim of this study is to determine the effectiveness and reliability of adding traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in the clinical intervention and explore mechanisms... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
PURPOSE
The aim of this study is to determine the effectiveness and reliability of adding traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in the clinical intervention and explore mechanisms of action for chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) through meta- and network pharmacology analysis (NPAs).
METHODS
A predefined search strategy was used to retrieve literature from PubMed, Embase database, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese BioMedical Literature Database (CBM), Wan Fang Data and China Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP). After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 12 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included for meta-analysis to provide clinical evidence of the intervention effects. A network meta-analysis using Bayesian networks was conducted to observe the relative effects of different intervention measures and possible ranking of effects. The composition of the TCM formulation in the experimental group was analysed, and association rule mining was performed to identify hub herbal medicines. Target genes for CAG were searched in GeneCards, Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man, PharmGKB, Therapeutic Target Database and DrugBank. A regulatory network was constructed to connect the target genes with active ingredients of the hub herbal medicines. Enrichment analyses were performed using the Gene Ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) to examine the central targets from a comprehensive viewpoint. Protein-protein interaction networks (PPINs) were constructed to identify hub genes and conduct molecular docking with differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and corresponding active molecules.
RESULTS
A total of 1140 participants from 12 RCTs were included in the statistical analysis, confirming that the experimental group receiving the addition of TCM intervention had better clinical efficacy. Seven hub TCMs (, , , , , and ) were identified through association rule analysis of all included TCMs. Thirteen hub genes (CDKN1A, CASP3, STAT1, TP53, JUN, MAPK1, STAT3, MAPK3, MYC, HIF1A, FOS, MAPK14 and AKT1) were obtained from 90 gene PPINs. Differential gene expression analysis between the disease and normal gastric tissue identified MAPK1 and MAPK3 as the significant genes. Molecular docking analysis revealed that naringenin, luteolin and quercetin were the main active compounds with good binding activities to the two hub targets. GO analysis demonstrated the function of the targets in protein binding, while KEGG analysis indicated their involvement in important pathways related to cancer.
CONCLUSIONS
The results of a meta-analysis of 12 RCTs indicate that TCM intervention can improve the clinical treatment efficacy of CAG. NPAs identified seven hub TCM and 13 target genes associated with their actions, while bioinformatics analysis identified two DEGs between normal and CAG gastric tissues. Finally, molecular docking was employed to reveal the mechanism of action of the active molecules in TCM on the DEGs. These findings not only reveal the mechanisms of action of the active components of the TCMs, but also provide support for the development of new drugs, ultimately blocking the progression from chronic gastritis to gastric cancer.
Topics: Humans; Gastritis, Atrophic; Molecular Docking Simulation; Network Pharmacology; Plant Extracts
PubMed: 38170849
DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2023.2299352