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Platelets Aug 2020Changes of mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet count (PC) could be a marker or a predictor of acute stroke (AS). We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
UNLABELLED
Changes of mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet count (PC) could be a marker or a predictor of acute stroke (AS). We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the published literature on the reporting of MPV and PC in AS. Studies were included in accordance with Patient Population or Problem, Intervention, Comparison, Outcomes, and Setting framework. The PRISMA strategy was used to report findings. Risk of bias was assessed with the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. We included 34 eligible articles retrieved from the literature. PC was significantly lower in AS patients [standardized mean difference (SMD) = - 0.30, (95% CI: - 0.49 to - 0.11), N = 2492, = .002] compared with controls (N = 3615). The MPV was significantly higher [SMD = 0.52 (95% CI: 0.28-0.76), N = 2739, < .001] compared with controls (N = 3810). Subgroup analyses showed significantly lower PC in both ischemic stroke (Difference SMD = -0.18, 95% CI: -0.35-0.01) and hemorrhagic stroke (-0.94, -1.62 to -0.25), but only samples by citrate anticoagulant showed significantly lower result for patients compared to controls (-0.36, -0.68 to -0.04). Ischemic stroke patients had higher MPV (0.57, 0.31-0.83), and samples by Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) anticoagulant showed significantly higher result for patients compared to controls (0.86, 0.55-1.17). PC and MPV appeared to be significantly different between patients with AS and control populations. MPV was significantly higher in ischemic stroke and PC was significantly lower in both ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes. These characteristics might be related to AS and associated with it. It is advisable to pay attention to elapsed time between phlebotomy and hematology analysis, anticoagulant and hemocytometer types in AS.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION
This meta-analysis is registered on the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) under registration number CRD42017067864 (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=67864).
Topics: Erythrocyte Indices; Humans; Platelet Count; Stroke
PubMed: 31657263
DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2019.1680826 -
BMC Neurology Feb 2023Platelets are the primary peripheral reserve of amyloid precursor protein (APP), providing more than 90% of blood amyloid-beta (Aβ). Some oxidative stress markers and... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
INTRODUCTION
Platelets are the primary peripheral reserve of amyloid precursor protein (APP), providing more than 90% of blood amyloid-beta (Aβ). Some oxidative stress markers and neurotransmitter markers were also differentially expressed in the peripheral platelets of AD. Therefore, the present study explored the differences in platelet-associated biomarkers between AD and healthy controls using meta-analysis and systematic review to reveal the value of platelet in the pathogenesis and development of AD.
METHODS
We searched all the related studies that probed into the platelets in AD based on PubMed, Embase, and web of science databases from the establishment to November 04, 2021.
RESULTS
Eighty-eight studies were included in the meta-analysis, and the platelets data of 702 AD and 710 controls were analyzed. The results of standardized mean difference (SMD) showed that platelets in AD had lower levels of APP ratio (SMD: -1.89; p < 0.05), ADAM10 (SMD: -1.16; p < 0.05), Na + -K + -ATPase (SMD: -7.23; p < 0.05), but higher levels of HMW/LMW tau (SMD: 0.92; p < 0.05), adenosine A receptor (SMD: 4.27; p < 0.05), MAO-B (SMD: 1.73; p < 0.05), NO (SMD: 4.25; p < 0.05) and ONOO (SMD: 7.33; p < 0.05). In the systematic review, some other platelet markers seem to be meaningful in AD patients.
CONCLUSION
The results of the present meta-analysis and systematic review demonstrated that the alterations of APP metabolic enzymes, oxidative stress markers, and neurotransmitter factors in platelets were similar to their changes in the central nervous system of AD, suggesting that platelet could be a good source of peripheral biomarkers and may play an important role in the pathophysiological development of AD.
Topics: Humans; Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Biomarkers; Blood Platelets
PubMed: 36774494
DOI: 10.1186/s12883-023-03099-5 -
Clinical and Experimental Medicine Jun 2023The role of platelet function indices-platelet count (PLT), mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), plateletcrit (PCT), immature platelet fraction... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
The role of platelet function indices-platelet count (PLT), mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), plateletcrit (PCT), immature platelet fraction (IPF), and platelet mass index (PMI)-in psoriasis is uncertain. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the association of these platelet biomarkers with both presence and severity of psoriasis. We searched MEDLINE (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), and the Cochrane Library from inception to November 2021. To evaluate the association of platelet function indices and psoriasis, we recorded mean differences (MD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) as well as correlation coefficients (r) for each included study, and generated summary estimates using random-effects inverse-variance modelling. We screened 1,079 unique studies, and included 33 studies with 6724 patients in the quantitative analyses. Compared with controls, patients with psoriasis had higher PLT (MD 12.86 × 10/L, 95% CI 6.34-19.39, p < 0.001), MPV (MD 0.61fL, 95% CI 0.31-0.92, p < 0.001), and PCT (MD 0.05%, 95% CI 0.01-0.09, p = 0.010), but similar PDW (MD 0.16%, 95% CI -0.46-0.79, p = 0.610). Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) was weakly correlated with PLT (r 0.17, 95% CI 0.06-0.28, p = 0.003), MPV (r 0.36, 95% CI 0.22-0.49, p < 0.001), and PDW (r 0.17, 95% CI 0.08-0.26, p < 0.001). Study numbers were insufficient to judge the relationship of IPF and PMI with psoriasis presence, or PCT, IPF, and PMI with psoriasis severity. In summary, PLT, MPV, and PCT are significantly elevated in patients with psoriasis, and PLT, MPV, and PDW are weakly correlated with PASI. Future studies are needed to evaluate the independent diagnostic and prognostic potentials of these biomarkers in patients with psoriasis.
Topics: Humans; Platelet Count; Blood Platelets; Mean Platelet Volume; Prognosis; Biomarkers
PubMed: 35377095
DOI: 10.1007/s10238-022-00820-5 -
International Journal of Molecular... Aug 2023The use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has gained increasing interest in recent decades. The platelet secretome contains a multitude of growth factors, cytokines,... (Review)
Review
The use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has gained increasing interest in recent decades. The platelet secretome contains a multitude of growth factors, cytokines, chemokines, and other biological biomolecules. In recent years, developments in the field of platelets have led to new insights, and attention has been focused on the platelets' released extracellular vesicles (EVs) and their role in intercellular communication. In this context, the aim of this review was to compile the current evidence on PRP-derived extracellular vesicles to identify the advantages and limitations fortheir use in the upcoming clinical applications. A total of 172 articles were identified during the systematic literature search through two databases (PubMed and Web of Science). Twenty publications met the inclusion criteria and were included in this review. According to the results, the use of PRP-EVs in the clinic is an emerging field of great interest that represents a promising therapeutic option, as their efficacy has been demonstrated in the majority of fields of applications included in this review. However, the lack of standardization along the procedures in both the field of PRP and the EVs makes it extremely challenging to compare results among studies. Establishing standardized conditions to ensure optimized and detailed protocols and define parameters such as the dose or the EV origin is therefore urgent. Further studies to elucidate the real contribution of EVs to PRP in terms of composition and functionality should also be performed. Nevertheless, research on the field provides promising results and a novel basis to deal with the regenerative medicine and drug delivery fields in the future.
Topics: Blood Platelets; Cell Communication; Extracellular Vesicles; Platelet-Rich Plasma; Regenerative Medicine
PubMed: 37685849
DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713043 -
CNS Spectrums Apr 2022Blood platelets, due to shared biochemical and functional properties with presynaptic serotonergic neurons, constituted, over the years, an attractive peripheral... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Blood platelets, due to shared biochemical and functional properties with presynaptic serotonergic neurons, constituted, over the years, an attractive peripheral biomarker of neuronal activity. Therefore, the literature strongly focused on the investigation of eventual structural and functional platelet abnormalities in neuropsychiatric disorders, particularly in depressive disorder. Given their impact in biological psychiatry, the goal of the present paper was to review and critically analyze studies exploring platelet activity, functionality, and morpho-structure in subjects with depressive disorder.
METHODS
According to the PRISMA guidelines, we performed a systematic review through the PubMed database up to March 2020 with the search terms: (1) platelets in depression [Title/Abstract]"; (2) "(platelets[Title]) AND depressive disorder[Title/Abstract]"; (3) "(Platelet[Title]) AND major depressive disorder[Title]"; (4) (platelets[Title]) AND depressed[Title]"; (5) (platelets[Title]) AND depressive episode[Title]"; (6) (platelets[Title]) AND major depression[Title]"; (7) platelet activation in depression[All fields]"; and (8) platelet reactivity in depression[All fields]."
RESULTS
After a detailed screening analysis and the application of specific selection criteria, we included in our review a total of 106 for qualitative synthesis. The studies were classified into various subparagraphs according to platelet characteristics analyzed: serotonergic system (5-HT2A receptors, SERT activity, and 5-HT content), adrenergic system, MAO activity, biomarkers of activation, responsivity, morphological changes, and other molecular pathways.
CONCLUSIONS
Despite the large amount of the literature examined, nonunivocal and, occasionally, conflicting results emerged. However, the findings on structural and metabolic alterations, modifications in the expression of specific proteins, changes in the aggregability, or in the responsivity to different pro-activating stimuli, may be suggestive of potential platelet dysfunctions in depressed subjects, which would result in a kind of hyperreactive state. This condition could potentially lead to an increased cardiovascular risk. In line with this hypothesis, we speculated that antidepressant treatments would seem to reduce this hyperreactivity while representing a potential tool for reducing cardiovascular risk in depressed patients and, maybe, in other neuropsychiatric conditions. However, the problem of the specificity of platelet biomarkers is still at issue and would deserve to be deepened in future studies.
Topics: Antidepressive Agents; Biomarkers; Blood Platelets; Depressive Disorder, Major; Humans; Serotonin
PubMed: 33092669
DOI: 10.1017/S1092852920001959 -
Vox Sanguinis Jan 2023Platelet transfusions are used across multiple patient populations to prevent and correct bleeding. This scoping review aimed to map the currently available systematic... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Platelet transfusions are used across multiple patient populations to prevent and correct bleeding. This scoping review aimed to map the currently available systematic reviews (SRs) and evidence-based guidelines in the field of platelet transfusion.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A systematic literature search was conducted in seven databases for SRs on effectiveness (including dose and timing, transfusion trigger and ratio to other blood products), production modalities and decision support related to platelet transfusion. The following data were charted: methodological features of the SR, population, concept and context features, outcomes reported, study design and number of studies included. Results were synthesized in interactive evidence maps.
RESULTS
We identified 110 SRs. The majority focused on clinical effectiveness, including prophylactic or therapeutic transfusions compared to no platelet transfusion (34 SRs), prophylactic compared to therapeutic-only transfusion (8 SRs), dose, timing (11 SRs) and threshold for platelet transfusion (15 SRs) and the ratio of platelet transfusion to other blood products in massive transfusion (14 SRs). Furthermore, we included 34 SRs on decision support, of which 26 evaluated viscoelastic testing. Finally, we identified 22 SRs on platelet production modalities, including derivation (4 SRs), pathogen inactivation (6 SRs), leucodepletion (4 SRs) and ABO/human leucocyte antigen matching (5 SRs). The SRs were mapped according to concept and clinical context.
CONCLUSION
An interactive evidence map of SRs and evidence-based guidelines in the field of platelet transfusion has been developed and identified multiple reviews. This work serves as a tool for researchers looking for evidence gaps, thereby both supporting research and avoiding unnecessary duplication.
Topics: Humans; Hemorrhage; Platelet Transfusion; Thrombocytopenia
PubMed: 36454598
DOI: 10.1111/vox.13387 -
Advances in Medical Sciences Sep 2020Platelets, also called thrombocytes, are produced in bone marrow and are the second most numerous blood cells which circulate in blood and play a pivotal role in... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Platelets, also called thrombocytes, are produced in bone marrow and are the second most numerous blood cells which circulate in blood and play a pivotal role in hemostasis, wound healing, angiogenesis. There is a large body of evidence that platelets are likely to contribute to inflammation in multiple diseases. Also, recent studies revealed the association between platelet indices (PI) and inflammation.
METHODS
PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar databases were searched and only papers published in the last 10 years were consequently analyzed.
RESULTS
The most frequently evaluated parameters are mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet diversity index (PDW), plateletcrit (PCT) and the presence of larger platelets (P-LCRs platelet larger cell ratio). The values of platelet indices (PI) were elevated in patients suffering from type 2 diabetes mellitus, myocardial infarction, cancers or acute surgical conditions, such as appendicitis. The measurement of PIs does not generate additional costs and can be performed during routine cell blood count, not requiring additional blood samples.
CONCLUSIONS
Platelet indices may have prognostic and predictive value in numerous conditions.
Topics: Animals; Blood Platelets; Disease; Humans; Inflammation; Mean Platelet Volume; Platelet Count
PubMed: 32505856
DOI: 10.1016/j.advms.2020.05.002 -
Platelets May 2018Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) has a well-examined pathophysiology, yet some essential elements remain undetermined. During DIC, platelets play an... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) has a well-examined pathophysiology, yet some essential elements remain undetermined. During DIC, platelets play an important role in the development of micro thrombosis, but changes in platelet function parameters and their association with development of DIC have not been established. The present systematic review investigated reported associations between platelet function (activation, aggregation, and adhesion) and DIC. We performed a literature search in Embase and PubMed, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. In total, 22 articles were included; 14 human studies, seven animal studies, and one with both human and animal subjects. Platelet activation markers were generally reported to be higher in both DIC patients and animals with DIC than healthy controls, and higher among patients with DIC than patients without DIC. Six human and six animal studies investigated platelet aggregation, which were overall reported to be lower in DIC than in non-DIC or in healthy controls in both human and animal studies. Platelet aggregation was deemed to be confounded by low platelet counts, which are known to affect platelet aggregation analyses even within the reference interval. In conclusion, platelet activation analyses showed promise in diagnosis of DIC, but semi-automatization and standardization are warranted before these can be implemented in daily clinical practice. Changes in platelet aggregation analyses during DIC remain inconclusive, and further studies including adjustment for low platelet count are needed to clarify the role of platelet aggregation in DIC.
Topics: Animals; Biomarkers; Blood Coagulation; Blood Platelets; Disease Models, Animal; Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation; Humans; Platelet Activation; Platelet Aggregation; Platelet Function Tests; Population Surveillance
PubMed: 29517400
DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2018.1442567 -
International Journal of Molecular... Mar 2020: With the increase in aging population, the rising prevalence of osteoporosis (OP) has become an important medical issue. Accumulating evidence showed a close...
: With the increase in aging population, the rising prevalence of osteoporosis (OP) has become an important medical issue. Accumulating evidence showed a close relationship between OP and hematopoiesis and emerging proofs revealed that platelets (PLTs), unique blood elements, rich in growth factors (GFs), play a critical role in bone remodeling. The aim of this review was to evaluate how PLT features, size, volume, bioactive GFs released, existing GFs in PLTs and PLT derivatives change and behave during OP. : A systematic search was carried out in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science Core Collection and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases to identify preclinical and clinical studies in the last 10 years on PLT function/features and growth factor in PLTs and on PLT derivatives during OP. The methodological quality of included studies was assessed by QUIPS tool for assessing risk of bias in the clinical studies and by the SYRCLE tool for assessing risk of bias in animal studies. : In the initial search, 2761 studies were obtained, only 47 articles were submitted to complete reading, and 23 articles were selected for the analysis, 13 on PLT function/features and growth factor in PLTs and 10 on PLT derivatives. Risk of bias of almost all animal studies was high, while the in the clinical studies risk of bias was prevalently moderate/low for the most of the studies. The majority of the evaluated studies highlighted a positive correlation between PLT size/volume and bone mineralization and an improvement in bone regeneration ability by using PLTs bioactive GFs and PLT derivatives. : The application of PLT features as OP markers and of PLT-derived compounds as therapeutic approach to promote bone healing during OP need to be further confirmed to provide clear evidence for the real efficacy of these interventions and to contribute to the clinical translation.
Topics: Animals; Blood Platelets; Blood Preservation; Bone Regeneration; Cell Proliferation; Humans; Inflammation; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Mice; NIH 3T3 Cells; Osteoporosis; Reproducibility of Results
PubMed: 32143494
DOI: 10.3390/ijms21051762 -
Medicine Dec 2021The relationship between platelet-associated parameters and psoriasis has been controversial. The purpose of our meta-analysis was to assess whether platelet count,... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
The relationship between platelet-associated parameters and psoriasis has been controversial. The purpose of our meta-analysis was to assess whether platelet count, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), mean platelet volume (MPV), and platelet distribution width (PDW) are associated with psoriasis.
METHODS
We performed a thorough documentation retrieval via PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science until June 2021. Pooled standardized mean differences (SMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using a random-effects model.
RESULTS
Overall, 22 studies involving 1749 patients with psoriasis and 1538 healthy controls were selected for the meta-analysis. The outcomes showed that platelet count presented non-significant differences between psoriatic patients and normal individuals (SMD = 0.12, 95% CI = -0.07 to 0.32, P = .210), while PLR (SMD = 0.28, 95% CI = 0.03-0.53, P = .031), MPV (SMD = 0.55, 95% CI = 0.30-0.79, P < .001), and PDW (SMD = 0.29, 95% CI = 0.03-0.55, P = .027) were remarkably greater in the psoriatic patients than in the healthy individuals, and similar results were found in subgroup analyses. The analytical results of susceptibility revealed that the outcomes were robust, and no evidence of substantial publication bias was identified.
CONCLUSION
Patients with psoriasis present significantly higher PLR, MPV, and PDW than healthy individuals, suggesting that psoriasis is accompanied by low-grade systemic inflammation and platelet activation.
Topics: Biomarkers; Blood Platelets; Health Status; Humans; Lymphocyte Count; Mean Platelet Volume; Platelet Count; Psoriasis
PubMed: 34918687
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000028234