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International Endodontic Journal Nov 2022The prevalence of root filled teeth (RFT) worldwide will inform about the amount of clinical activity of dentists dedicated to treat endodontic disease. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
The prevalence of root filled teeth (RFT) worldwide will inform about the amount of clinical activity of dentists dedicated to treat endodontic disease.
OBJECTIVES
To carry out a systematic review with meta-analysis answering the following question: What is the prevalence of RFT around the world? The percentage of people with at least one RFT was also investigated.
METHODS
A systematic review including population-based studies using the following databases: PubMed, EMBASE and Scielo. Studies related to prevalence of RFT were included. The outcome of interest of the study was the prevalence of RFT. The meta-analyses were calculated with the Open Meta Analyst software to determine the global prevalence of RFT. Subgroups analyses were performed comparing geographical distribution, radiographic method and year of the study (classified in 20th or 21th century). The prevalence of people with at least one RFT was also analysed.
RESULTS
Seventy-four population-based studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Twenty-eight, forty-four and two studies reported high, moderate and low risk of bias, respectively. No obvious publication bias was observed. Prevalence of RFT was estimated with 1 201 255 teeth and 32 162 patients. The calculated worldwide prevalence of RFT was 8.2% (95% CI = 7.3%-9.1%; p < .001). The global prevalence of people with at least one RFT was 55.7% (95% CI = 49.6%-61.8%; p < .001). In 20th century, the prevalence of RFT was 10.2% (95% CI = 7.9%-12.5%; p < .001), whereas in the 21st century the overall calculated prevalence of RFT was 7.5% (95% CI = 6.5%-8.6%; p < .001). Brazilian people (12%) and the European population (9.3%) showed the highest prevalence of RFT. In Europe, 59.6% (95% CI = 52.4%-66.8%) of people has at least one RFT.
CONCLUSIONS
This review showed that root canal treatment is a very common therapy throughout the world. More than half of the studied population have at least one RFT. A limitation of the present study is that most of the studies did not consider random sampling for population selection.
REGISTRATION
PROSPERO Systematic review registration number: (CRD42022329053).
Topics: Dental Pulp Cavity; Dental Pulp Diseases; Humans; Prevalence; Root Canal Obturation; Root Canal Therapy
PubMed: 36016509
DOI: 10.1111/iej.13822 -
Journal of Affective Disorders Mar 2021The definition of mixed features by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) remains controversal; however, there has been no... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
The definition of mixed features by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) remains controversal; however, there has been no systematic review of the prevalence of DSM-5 mixed features. We conducted a meta-analysis and systematic review to examine the prevalence of DSM-5-defined mixed features in major depressive episodes (MDE) and manic/hypomanic episodes.
METHODS
We systematically searched all literature types (i.e., observational, cross-sectional, cohort, retrospective chart review, and post-hoc analysis) in electronic databases including MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Web of Science from 2013 to 2020.
RESULTS
A total of 17 studies with 20 samples were selected. The pooled prevalences of the mixed features in MDE and manic/hypomanic episodes were 11.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 7.9-16.7%) and 26.8 (95% CI = 17.0-39.5%), respectively. The prevalence of mixed features during major depressive disorder in East Asian countries was the lowest, which ranged from 0-2.2%. The subgroup analysis did not identify any influential factors for substantial heterogeneity. Most of the individual studies demonstrated moderate to high risk of bias.
CONCLUSIONS
Despite the increasing attention and controversy surrounding DSM-5-defined mixed features, few studies have systematically estimated the prevalence. Future studies with appropriate design and sample sizes should measure the prevalence of mixed features during MDE and manic/hypomanic episodes.
Topics: Bipolar Disorder; Cross-Sectional Studies; Depressive Disorder, Major; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; Humans; Prevalence; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 33418368
DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.12.149 -
Indian Journal of Dental Research :... 2020The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to estimate the prevalence of traumatic dental injuries (TDI) in India. The secondary objective was to evaluate... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to estimate the prevalence of traumatic dental injuries (TDI) in India. The secondary objective was to evaluate the prevalence rate according to the differences in gender, age, regions, type of TDI and risk factors associated with TDI.
METHODS
The PubMed, LILACS, Web of Science, Cochrane, CINHAL, and Scopus databases, along with the Public Health Electronic Library, TRoPHI and DoPHER were searched from 1 March to 15April 2019 without any restriction of language and year of publication. The qualitative synthesis was done regarding the demographics, study methods, cause of trauma, geographic location, increased overjet and inadequate lip coverage. The meta-analysis was undertaken with STATA-14 software (USA). The pooled prevalence of TDI was calculated using data extracted from 48 studies included in qualitative synthesis and meta-analysis. A sub-group meta-analysis was done by extraction of the data for age groups of 6 years and >6 years.
RESULTS
The pooled prevalence of TDI in Indian population was 13 cases in 100 individuals. The prevalence of TDI for age groups of ≤6 was 15% (males, 15%; females, 16%) and for >6 years was 12% (males, 13%; females, 8%). The most common cause of TDI was falls, and most frequent location was home. The odds ratio for occurrence of TDI and inadequate lip-coverage was 3.35 and overjet greater than 3 mm was 3.53.
CONCLUSIONS
The pooled prevalence of TDI was 13% and slightly higher in children less than 6 years of age. Inadequate lip coverage and increased overjet are the risk factors associated with TDI. Heterogeneity was observed among the studies in terms of design, variables recorded, sampling, study methods and statistical methods. Majority of them also suffered from moderate to high risk of bias.
Topics: Accidental Falls; Child; Female; Humans; India; Male; Overbite; Prevalence; Tooth Injuries
PubMed: 33107464
DOI: 10.4103/ijdr.IJDR_953_19 -
International Journal of Environmental... Aug 2022We aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with gaming disorder (GD) in the population of Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). A systematic review was... (Review)
Review
We aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with gaming disorder (GD) in the population of Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). A systematic review was performed (PROSPERO protocol registration: CRD42021230565). We included studies that identified participants with GD and/or factors associated with this condition, reported the prevalence of GD, or contained data that assisted in its estimation, were published after 2013 (the year of inclusion of GD in the Fifth Edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders) and were carried out in a population residing in an LAC country. Evaluation of the quality of the studies was carried out using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical appraisal checklist tool. A qualitative synthesis of the data was performed. Of the total of 1567 records identified, 25 passed the full-text review phase, and 6 met the selection criteria. These studies were published between 2018 and 2021 and had a cross-sectional design (three in Brazil, one in Ecuador, Mexico, and the other was multi-country, including a LAC country [Peru]). The prevalence of GD ranged from 1.1% to 38.2%. The three studies in Brazil had the highest figures of GD prevalence (20.4-38.2%). Four studies evaluated factors associated with GD. Characteristics regarding the game (type), pattern of use (hours played), as well as gender (higher in men), tobacco and alcohol consumption, poor interpersonal relationships, and the presence of mental disorders were found to be associated with GD in LAC. Evidence on the prevalence and factors associated with GD in LAC is limited. Studies on GD in LAC evaluate different population subgroups, describing a wide prevalence of this condition (present in up to 38 out of 100 evaluated). Characteristics such as the type and hours of use of the games, sociodemographic data, lifestyles, interpersonal relationships, and the presence of mental disorders increase the probability of presenting GD.
Topics: Behavior, Addictive; Caribbean Region; Cross-Sectional Studies; Humans; Latin America; Male; Prevalence
PubMed: 36011671
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191610036 -
Journal of the American Academy of... Mar 2022Trauma exposure is common in preschool-aged children. Understanding the psychological impact of such exposure and the prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVE
Trauma exposure is common in preschool-aged children. Understanding the psychological impact of such exposure and the prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in this population is important for provision of appropriate and timely intervention. This pre-registered (PROSPERO: CRD41019133984) systematic review and meta-analysis examined the prevalence of PTSD in trauma-exposed preschool-aged children.
METHOD
Literature searches were conducted of PubMed (Medline), PsycINFO and PILOTS, alongside reference lists of relevant reviews. Studies were selected if they comprised trauma-exposed samples with a mean age of less than 6.5 years, and PTSD was assessed using standardized interviews at least 1-month post trauma. Information on sample characteristics, trauma exposure, PTSD measurement, and diagnostic criteria were extracted. For studies that applied more than one PTSD diagnostic algorithm, the most age-appropriate criteria were used to estimate pooled prevalence estimate across studies. A random-effects model was used for meta-analysis.
RESULTS
Eighteen studies were included (N = 1941). The pooled PTSD prevalence was 21.5% (95% CI = 13.8%-30.4%) when using the most developmentally appropriate diagnostic algorithm that was available. When focusing on the subset of studies that reported both standard adult criteria and age-appropriate criteria (k = 12), a pooled estimate of 4.9% (95% CI = 2.5%-8.0%) was obtained for standard adult criteria (DSM-IV), and 19.9% (95% CI = 12.1%-29.0%) was obtained for age-appropriate criteria (PTSD-AA). Prevalence was 3-fold higher following interpersonal and repeated trauma exposure, compared to non-interpersonal or single-event trauma, respectively. Higher prevalence was found when age-appropriate diagnostic tools were used. There was significant heterogeneity across studies and a lack of studies conducted in low-income countries and applying age-appropriate diagnostic algorithms.
CONCLUSION
Preschool-aged children are vulnerable to developing PTSD following trauma exposure. Younger children show prevalence trends similar to those of older youths and adults following different types of trauma. Age-appropriate diagnostic criteria are essential to ensure that appropriate identification and early support are provided.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Child; Child, Preschool; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; Humans; Prevalence; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic
PubMed: 34242737
DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2021.05.026 -
BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders Aug 2023The current systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to estimate the prevalence of fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) in Saudi Arabia. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
The current systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to estimate the prevalence of fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) in Saudi Arabia.
METHODS
A PRISMA systematic search appraisal and meta-analysis were conducted. A systematic literature search of English publications in PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, Web of Science, MEDLINE, and Google Scholar, was conducted up to December 2022. Generic, methodological and statistical data was extracted from the eligible studies. Meta-analysis was done using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Software. The effect size estimates were calculated using the Fail-Safe N test. The funnel plot, Begg's and Mazumdar's rank correlation tests were employed to find any potential bias. The strength of the association between two variables is assessed using Kendall's tau. A fixed-effects model for the meta-analysis.
RESULTS
The literature search yielded a total of 2479 studies. Eight papers were included in the final analysis with sample size ranging 40 to 1686. All studies were cross-sectional except two, which were retrospective. The total number of the participants recruited in the included articles was 4967 (1794 males and 3173 females); with age ranged between 20 and 79 years. There was high heterogeneity among studies articles (Q = 270.187; p-value 0.001); the tau value was 0.179. The pooled event rates and the 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the prevalence of FMS in Saudi Arabia in a fixed-effects model was 13.4% (95% CI: 0.124-0.144).
CONCLUSION
Our results clearly demonstrate that FMS is highly prevalent (13.4%) in Saudi Arabia. It also more common among women. The high prevalence of FMS in Saudi Arabia should be seriously considered and planners should take steps to reduce it.
Topics: Male; Humans; Female; Young Adult; Adult; Middle Aged; Aged; Fibromyalgia; Prevalence; Saudi Arabia; Retrospective Studies; Sample Size
PubMed: 37649080
DOI: 10.1186/s12891-023-06821-z -
International Journal of Obesity (2005) Jun 2021Obesity has numerous etiologies and includes biological factors. Studies have demonstrated that the human adenovirus subtype 36 (Adv36) is an adipogenic agent and causes... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
INTRODUCTION
Obesity has numerous etiologies and includes biological factors. Studies have demonstrated that the human adenovirus subtype 36 (Adv36) is an adipogenic agent and causes metabolic alterations. Study results on the prevalence of Adv36 and clinical effects in humans vary substantially. This was a systematic review to summarize the studies on the prevalence of Adv36 infection and its association with human obesity.
METHODS
A systematic literature review was conducted using the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis (PRISMA). Observational or experimental studies found in the Medline, Embase, LILACS, Science Direct and SciELO databases that presented results on the prevalence of Adv36 in humans were included.
RESULTS
Thirty-seven studies were screened. A total of 10,300 adults aged 18-70 years and 4585 children and adolescents aged 3-18 years were assessed. The average prevalence of Adv36 among adults was 22.9%, ranging from 5.5% to 49.8%. Among children and adolescents, the average prevalence of Adv36 was 28.9%, ranging from 7.5% to 73.9%. There was a positive statistical relationship between Adv36 and weight gain, obesity, or metabolic changes in 31 studies. However, in four studies there was no association with obesity, and in one, no association was described. One of the studies showed an inverse correlation, i.e., Adv36 was a protective factor against obesity.
CONCLUSION
Strong evidence suggested a positive association between viral infection and obesity. However, due to the multi-causality of obesity and heterogeneity of studies, diagnostic tests should be standardized and easily accessible by the population to estimate the overall prevalence of Adv36 infection and its association with obesity.
Topics: Adenoviridae; Adenoviridae Infections; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Obesity; Prevalence; Young Adult
PubMed: 33753885
DOI: 10.1038/s41366-021-00805-6 -
Transboundary and Emerging Diseases Sep 2022Human bocaviruses (HBoVs) are recently described as human emergent viruses, especially in young children. In this study, we undertook a systematic review and... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Human bocaviruses (HBoVs) are recently described as human emergent viruses, especially in young children. In this study, we undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate their prevalence in Europe. PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus databases were systematically screened for clinical studies, up to October 2020. Study eligibility criteria were primary full-text articles from clinical studies, conducted using valid screening test methods and published in peer-reviewed journals, in English or Spanish and from European countries. The overall pooled prevalence, prevalence by country as well as the prevalence of HBoV as a single or co-pathogen were estimated using a random-effects model. Sub-group and meta-regression analyses explored potential sources of heterogeneity in the data. A total of 35 studies involving 32,656 subjects from 16 European countries met the inclusion criteria. Heterogeneity (I = 97.0%, p < .01) was seen among studies; HBoV prevalence varied from 2.0 to 45.69% with a pooled estimate of 9.57% (95%CI 7.66-11.91%). The HBoV prevalence both as a single infection (3.99%; 95%CI 2.99-5.31%) or as co-infection with other viruses (5.06%; 95%CI 3.88-6.58%) was also analysed. On a geographic level, prevalence by country did not show statistical differences, ranging from 3.24% (Greece) to 21.05% (Denmark). An odds ratio analysis was also included in order to evaluate the relevance of the variable 'age' as a risk factor of HBoV infection in children <5 years old. The OR value of 1.77 (95%CI 1.13-2.77; p < .01) indicated that being <5 years old is a risk factor for HBoV infection. This study showed that HBoV has a moderate prevalence among European countries.
Topics: Animals; Human bocavirus; Humans; Parvoviridae Infections; Prevalence; Respiratory Tract Infections; Viruses
PubMed: 34250765
DOI: 10.1111/tbed.14233 -
International Journal of Nursing Studies Jun 2024Although post-stroke delirium is a frequent complication in acute settings and has significant long-lasting implications for patients, the prevalence of post-stroke... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Although post-stroke delirium is a frequent complication in acute settings and has significant long-lasting implications for patients, the prevalence of post-stroke delirium diagnosed according to gold-standard criteria remains uncertain. This highlights the importance of updating the current evidence.
OBJECTIVE
This review aims to provide a precise estimation of the prevalence of delirium in acute post-stroke settings and to explore potential differences in the reported prevalence according to the characteristics of the study and stroke survivors.
DESIGN
Systematic review and meta-analysis.
SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS
Post-stroke survivors with delirium in acute settings.
DATA SOURCES
Five English and two Chinese language databases from inception to June 2023, and the reference lists of published reviews.
METHODS
Studies reporting the prevalence of post-stroke delirium according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders criteria with the description of assessment method in the absence of interventions for delirium were eligible. Two reviewers independently screened searched records and extracted data from eligible studies. A meta-analysis was conducted using a random-effects model to evaluate the prevalence of post-stroke delirium, and predefined subgroup analyses, sensitivity analyses, and mixed-effects meta-regression were conducted to explore the contribution of heterogeneity.
RESULTS
Twenty-nine eligible studies involving 8839 survivors were included. In acute settings, the overall weighted prevalence of post-stroke delirium was 25 % (95 % CI, 20-30; I, 95 %). Subgroup analyses revealed age-dependent variations in delirium prevalence, with rates of 20 %, 25 %, and 34 % for ages 60-64, 65-74, and 75-79, respectively. Delirium prevalence varied by assessment duration (7 days: 31 %, >7 days: 24 %, <7 days: 20 %). Initial screening significantly reduced reported prevalence to 15 %, compared with 30 % when no initial screening was conducted. Delirium prevalence was lower when nurses were involved in assessments (13 % vs. 29 %). No significant effects were detected for economic status, publication year, female percentage, onset-to-admission time, stroke type, and assessment frequency. Meta-regression analysis revealed that higher delirium prevalence was associated with increased survivors' age (β = 0.051; 95 % CI, -0.0002 to 0.103; P = 0.05; R = 13.36 %).
CONCLUSION
A high prevalence of post-stroke delirium was observed in acute settings. Nurses are required to integrate and coordinate the prevention, early detection, and management of delirium following stroke into their nursing practice, particularly for older stroke survivors. The findings necessitate the need for incorporating specialized training within nursing education to identify and manage the delirium effectively and accurately. This reinforces the pivotal role of nurses in the early detection and prevention of delirium within the acute stroke care continuum.
REGISTRATION
The protocol was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42022352097).
TWEETABLE ABSTRACT
Evidence suggests 25 % prevalence of post-stroke delirium in acute settings, with higher rates in older patients, emphasizing the need for prevention, early detection, and management in nursing practice.
Topics: Humans; Delirium; Prevalence; Stroke
PubMed: 38552472
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2024.104750 -
Medicine Aug 2015Prevalence estimates of depression in hypertensive patients varied widely in existing studies. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Prevalence estimates of depression in hypertensive patients varied widely in existing studies. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies to summarize the point prevalence of depressive symptoms in adults with hypertension.Comprehensive electronic searches of PubMed, Web of Knowledge, China National Knowledge Internet (CNKI), Wangfang, and Weipu databases were conducted to identify any study in each database published from initial state to November 31, 2014, reporting the prevalence of depression in hypertensive patients. Random-effects model was used to estimate the prevalence of depressive symptoms. We also limited the analyses to studies using clinical interview and prespecified criteria for diagnosis. All statistical calculations were made by using the Stata Version 12.0 (College Station, TX) and Statsdirect Version 2.7.9.We identified 41 studies with a total population of 30,796 in the present meta-analysis. The summarized prevalence of depression among hypertensive patients is 26.8% (95% confidence interval (CI): 21.7%-32.3%). Subgroup analysis shows the following results: for male 24.6%, 95% CI: 14.8%-35.9%, for female 24.4%, 95% CI: 14.6%-35.8%. For China: 28.5% (95% CI: 22.2%-35.3%); for other region (22.1%, 95% CI: 12.1%-34.1%); for community: 26.3% (95% CI: 17.7%-36.0%), for hospital: 27.2% (95% CI: 20.6%-34.5%). Estimated prevalence by interview was 21.3% (95% CI: 14.2%-30.0%); prevalence of depressive symptoms adjudicated by self-rating scales was 29.8% (95% CI: 23.3%-36.7%).The observed heterogeneity in depression prevalence of hypertension may be attributed to differences in method of evaluation. Self-report scales should be cautious of estimating the presence of depression. Thus, interview-defined depression affects approximately one third of hypertensive patients. Effective interventions for depression on patient-centered are needed.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Depressive Disorder; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Male; Middle Aged; Prevalence; Young Adult
PubMed: 26252317
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000001317