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Journal of Ginseng Research Jan 2022Spinal cord injury (SCI) is defined as damage to the spinal cord that temporarily or permanently changes its function. There is no definite treatment established for... (Review)
Review
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is defined as damage to the spinal cord that temporarily or permanently changes its function. There is no definite treatment established for neurological complete injury patients. This study investigated the effect of ginseng extract and ginsenosides on neurological recovery and antioxidant efficacies in rat models following SCI and explore the appropriate dosage. Searches were done on PubMed, Embase, and Chinese databases, and animal studies matches the inclusion criteria were selected. Pair-wise meta-analysis and subgroup analysis were performed. Ten studies were included, and the overall methodological qualities were low quality. The result showed ginseng extract and ginsenosides significantly improve neurological function, through the Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan (BBB) locomotor rating scale (pooled MD = 4.40; 95% CI = 3.92 to 4.88; p < 0.00001), significantly decrease malondialdehyde (MDA) (n = 290; pooled MD = -2.19; 95% CI = -3.16 to -1.22; p < 0.0001) and increase superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels (n = 290; pooled MD = 2.14; 95% CI = 1.45 to 2.83; p < 0.00001). Both low (<25 mg/kg) and high dosage (≥25 mg/kg) showed significant improvement in the motor function recovery in SCI rats. Collectively, this review suggests ginseng extract and ginsenosides has a protective effect on SCI, with good safety and a clear mechanism of action and may be suitable for future clinical trials and applications.
PubMed: 35058723
DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2021.05.009 -
Inflammopharmacology Dec 2022Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic, potentially cancerous disease with limited treatment options. Quercetin may be a novel treatment for IBD. However, its... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic, potentially cancerous disease with limited treatment options. Quercetin may be a novel treatment for IBD. However, its efficacy and safety are unknown. Our goal was to conduct a systematic evaluation to summarize the preclinical effects of quercetin, which may help guide future studies.
METHODS
The literature was drawn from three English databases (PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science), and the quality of the included literature was assessed using the SYRCLE list (10 items). The meta-analysis was performed using STATA 15.1 software.
RESULTS
A total of 11 animal studies with 199 animals were involved. The current meta-analysis showed that quercetin could reduce histological score (HS), Disease Activity Index (DAI), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), nitric oxide(NO), malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and increase colon length (CL), weight change degree (WCD), interleukin-10 (IL-10), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and catalase (CAT) activity, which may involve anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative stress, cytoprotective, barrier protection, flora regulation.
CONCLUSIONS
In conclusion, preclinical evidence suggests that quercetin is an ideal agent for IBD treatment. However, the validity of the findings may be compromised by the low methodological quality and the small number of studies included. There may be some discrepancies between the results of the current analysis and the real situation. More rigorous experimental designs and more comprehensive studies are needed to test the protection of quercetin against IBD.
Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Glutathione; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases; Malondialdehyde; Nitric Oxide; Oxidative Stress; Quercetin
PubMed: 36227442
DOI: 10.1007/s10787-022-01079-8 -
European Neurology 2022Increasing evidence has shown that oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Oxidative stress impairs muscle function,... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
INTRODUCTION
Increasing evidence has shown that oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Oxidative stress impairs muscle function, reduces regenerative capacity, and leads to atrophy and muscle weakness. The present study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of antioxidants in treatment of DMD patients.
METHODS
Medline, Embase, EBSCOhost, and Cochrane Library databases were searched using relevant keywords regarding DMD and antioxidants. The risk of bias for all included studies was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. The effectiveness of antioxidants in improving pulmonary function and muscle strength in DMD patients and their rate of adverse events was evaluated by meta-analysis.
RESULTS
A total of nine eligible studies were identified. Among these, two studies involving 85 patients compared idebenone with placebo. Pooled data showed a significant improvement in pulmonary function after idebenone treatment. Flavonoids- and omega 3-based compounds (FLAVOMEGA) significantly improved muscle strength. Two studies evaluated coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) and reported clinical improvement in physical activity. The remaining four studies evaluated pentoxifylline, superoxide dismutase, vitamin E combination with penicillamine and penicillamine alone, respectively, and found no significant differences between the intervention and placebo groups, measured by pulmonary function, muscle strength, movement function, or quality of life. Most adverse events were mild, while the rates of dropout and serious adverse events were low with respect to antioxidants.
CONCLUSIONS
Idebenone appeared to be safe and effective in improving pulmonary function in DMD patients, while pentoxifylline, superoxide dismutase, penicillamine, or a combination of vitamin E with penicillamine did not show a significant therapeutic effect. CoQ10 and FLAVOMEGA might be beneficial in improving muscle strength or physical activity in DMD patients. However, additional trials with more participants are warranted in the future.
Topics: Antioxidants; Flavonoids; Humans; Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne; Penicillamine; Pentoxifylline; Quality of Life; Superoxide Dismutase; Vitamin E
PubMed: 35697003
DOI: 10.1159/000525045 -
Environmental Research Nov 2022The present systematic review aimed to evaluate the associations between welding fumes exposure and changes in oxidative stress [superoxide dismutase (SOD) and... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
The present systematic review aimed to evaluate the associations between welding fumes exposure and changes in oxidative stress [superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA)] and DNA damage [8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and DNA-protein crosslink (DPC)] markers in professional welders (PROSPERO CRD42022298115). Six electronic bibliographic databases were searched from inception through September 2021 to identify observational epidemiological studies evaluating the association between welding fumes exposures and changes in oxidative stress and DNA damage in professional welders. Two reviewers independently assessed the risk of bias and certainty of the evidence. A narrative synthesis of results was conducted using the Synthesis Without Meta-analysis (SWiM) method. Pooled mean differences with 95% confidence intervals were calculated in a random-effects meta-analysis for the outcomes of interest in the review. From 450 studies identified through the search strategy, 14 observational epidemiological studies were included in the review. Most studies reported significantly higher welding fumes levels in welders than in controls. The narrative synthesis results of SOD showed a significant difference between welders and controls, while the meta-analysis results of MDA did not show a significant difference between the studied groups (MD = 0.26; 95% CI, -0.03, 0.55). The meta-analysis results of 8-OHdG (MD = 9.38; 95% CI, 0.55-18.21) and DPC (MD = 1.07; 95% CI, 0.14-2) revealed significantly differences between the studied groups. The included studies were at high risk of exclusion and confounding bias. The certainty of the evidence for oxidative stress and DNA damage results were very low and moderate, respectively. Exposure to welding fumes and metal particles is associated with DNA damage in professional welders, and 8-OHdG and DPC might be considered reliable markers to assess DNA damage resulting from exposure to welding fumes. We recommend, however, that the evaluation of oxidative stress resulting from welding fumes exposure not be solely based on MDA and SOD.
Topics: 8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; Air Pollutants, Occupational; Biomarkers; DNA Damage; Gases; Humans; Metal Workers; Occupational Exposure; Oxidative Stress; Superoxide Dismutase; Welding
PubMed: 36041537
DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114152 -
Disease Markers 2016Numerous studies suggested that oxidative stress (OS) played a central role in the onset and development of postmenopausal osteoporosis (PO); however, conflicting... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Numerous studies suggested that oxidative stress (OS) played a central role in the onset and development of postmenopausal osteoporosis (PO); however, conflicting results were obtained as to the association of OS-related biomarkers and PO. This meta-analysis aimed to identify the association between these markers and PO, and explore factors that may explain the inconsistencies in these results. A systematic literature search was conducted in relevant database. Search terms and selection criteria were priorly determined to identify and include all studies that detected markers of OS in PO patients. We pooled data with a random effects meta-analysis with standardized mean differences and 95% confidence interval. Total 17 studies including 12 OS markers were adopted. The results showed that superoxide dismutase (SOD) in erythrocytes, catalase (CAT), total antioxidant status (TAS), hydroperoxides (HY), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), malondialdehyde (MDA), and vitamin B12 (VB12) in plasma/serum were not statistically different between the PO and control group, whereas significantly increased level of homocysteine (Hcy) and nitric oxide (NO), along with decreased SOD, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), folate, and total antioxidant power (TAP) in plasma/serum were obtained in the PO group. In summary, OS might serve as potential biomarkers in the etiopathophysiology and clinical course of PO.
Topics: Biomarkers; Female; Humans; Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal; Oxidative Stress
PubMed: 27594735
DOI: 10.1155/2016/7067984 -
Placenta Feb 2023Studies about oxidative stress biomarkers revealed different phenotypes between early and late preeclampsia (PE). Despite that, there is extensive evidence of oxidative... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Studies about oxidative stress biomarkers revealed different phenotypes between early and late preeclampsia (PE). Despite that, there is extensive evidence of oxidative stress in investigations that combinate forms different of preeclampsia. This study reviews the oxidative stress profile in the PE subtypes and evaluates which markers are altered in the blood and placental tissue. A search was conducted in databases such as MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS, and Web of Science without restricting the year and language of publication. The quality of the studies was evaluated by the Newcastle-Ottawa scale and Joanna Briggs Institute for analytical Cross-Sectional Studies. After 13,319 screened records, 65 were included in the systematic review. The markers of stress oxidative of damage and reactive species were those selected, such as malondialdehyde (MDA), lipid peroxide, advanced protein oxidation products, carbonyl protein, 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine, total oxidant status, hydrogen peroxide, nitric oxide (NO). We described the antioxidant activity, including the superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-S-transferase, free glutathione, and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). We results demonstrated that oxidative stress is related to pathophysiology of PE, there were increased lipid peroxidation in the blood and placenta, and in blood a reduction of NO levels and of TAC, like lower enzymatic activity of GPx, CAT in PE, and SOD in mild PE. In addition, altered levels of MDA in the placenta and blood show that placental changes have repercussions on the clinical syndrome and are related to the severity of the disease.
Topics: Humans; Female; Pregnancy; Pre-Eclampsia; Cross-Sectional Studies; Placenta; Oxidative Stress; Antioxidants; Catalase; Glutathione; Superoxide Dismutase; Glutathione Peroxidase; Nitric Oxide; Malondialdehyde
PubMed: 36669343
DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2022.12.009 -
Inflammation Research : Official... Nov 2022Naringenin is a member of the flavonoid family that can perform many biological processes to treat a wide range of inflammatory diseases and pathological conditions... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
The effect of immunomodulatory properties of naringenin on the inhibition of inflammation and oxidative stress in autoimmune disease models: a systematic review and meta-analysis of preclinical evidence.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE
Naringenin is a member of the flavonoid family that can perform many biological processes to treat a wide range of inflammatory diseases and pathological conditions related to oxidative stress (OS). Naringenin immunomodulatory activities have been the subject of recent research as an effective alternative treatment for autoimmune disorders. The effects of naringenin on the levels of inflammatory biomarkers and OS factors in animal models of autoimmune disorders (ADs) were studied in this meta-analysis.
METHODS
Up until January 2022, electronic databases such as Cochrane Library and EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus were used to conduct a comprehensive literature search in English language. To evaluate the effect of naringenin on inflammatory mediators, such as TNF-α, IL-6, IL-β, IFN-γ, NF-κB, and nitric oxide, and OS biomarkers, such as CAT, SOD, GPx, GSH and MDA, in AD models, we measured the quality assessment and heterogeneity test using the PRISMA checklist protocol and I statistic, respectively. A random-effects model was employed based on the heterogeneity test, and then pooled data were standardized as mean difference (SMD) with a 95% confident interval (CI).
RESULTS
We excluded all clinical trials, cell experiment studies, animal studies with different parameters, non-autoimmune disease models, and an inadequate series of studies for quantitative synthesis. Finally, from 627 potentially reports, 12 eligible studies were included in the meta-analysis. Data were collected from several groups. Of these, 153 were in the naringenin group and 149 were in the control group. Our meta-analysis of the pooled data for the parameters of inflammation and OS indicated that naringenin significantly reduced the levels of NF-κB (SMD - 3.77, 95% CI [- 6.03 to - 1.51]; I = 80.1%, p = 0.002), IFN-γ (SMD - 6.18, 95% CI [- 8.73 to - 3.62]; I = 53.7%, p = 0.115), and NO (SMD - 3.97, 95% CI [- 5.50 to - 2.45]; I = 73.4%, p = 0.005), IL-1β (SMD - 4.23, 95% CI [- 5.09 to - 3.37]; I = 0.0%, p = 0.462), IL-6 (SMD - 5.84, 95% CI [- 7.83 to - 3.85]; I = 86.5%, p < 0.001), and TNF-α (SMD - 5.10, 95% CI [- 6.34 to - 3.86]; I = 74.7%, p < 0.001). These findings also demonstrated the efficacy of naringenin on increasing the levels of CAT (SMD 4.19, 95% CI [1.33 to 7.06]; I = 79.9%, p = 0.007), GSH (SMD 4.58, 95% CI [1.64 to 7.51]; I = 90.5%, p < 0.001), and GPx (SMD 9.65, 95% CI [2.56 to 16.74]; I = 86.6%, p = 0.001) and decreasing the levels of MDA (SMD - 3.65, 95% CI [- 4.80 to - 2.51]; I = 69.4%, p = 0.001) than control groups. However, treatment with naringenin showed no statistically difference in SOD activity (SMD 1.89, 95% CI [- 1.11 to 4.89]; I = 93.6%, p < 0.001).
CONCLUSION
Overall, our findings revealed the immunomodulatory potential of naringenin as an alternative treatment on inhibition of inflammation and OS in several autoimmune-related diseases. Nevertheless, regarding the limitation of clinical trials, strong preclinical models and clinical settings in the future are needed that address the effects of naringenin on ADs. Before large-scale clinical studies, precise human pharmacokinetic investigations are required to determine the dosage ranges and evaluate the initial safety profile of naringenin.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Autoimmune Diseases; Biomarkers; Inflammation; Interleukin-6; NF-kappa B; Oxidative Stress; Superoxide Dismutase; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Flavanones
PubMed: 35804246
DOI: 10.1007/s00011-022-01599-7 -
Addiction Biology Jan 2023Recently, it has been suggested that central and peripheral toxicities identified in persons with substance use disorder (SUD) could be partially associated with an... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Recently, it has been suggested that central and peripheral toxicities identified in persons with substance use disorder (SUD) could be partially associated with an imbalance in reactive oxygen species and antioxidant defenses. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate whether SUD is associated with oxidative stress and to identify biomarkers possibly more affected by this condition. We have included studies that analysed oxidant and antioxidant markers in individuals with SUD caused by stimulants, alcohol, nicotine, opioids, and others (cannabis, inhalants, and polysubstance use). Our analysis showed that persons with SUD show higher oxidant markers and lower antioxidant markers than healthy controls. SUD was associated specifically with higher levels of oxidant markers malondialdehyde, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and lipid peroxidation. Conversely, the antioxidant superoxide dismutase and the total antioxidant capacity/status were lowered in the SUD group. A meta-regression analysis revealed that persons with alcohol use disorder had higher oxidative stress estimates than those with stimulant use disorder. Moreover, individuals evaluated during abstinence showed smaller antioxidant effect sizes than non-abstinent ones. Our findings suggest a clear oxidative imbalance in persons with SUD, which could lead to cell damage and result in multiple associated comorbidities, particularly accelerated aging.
Topics: Humans; Antioxidants; Oxidative Stress; Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; Substance-Related Disorders; Oxidants
PubMed: 36577724
DOI: 10.1111/adb.13254 -
Alpha Psychiatry Mar 2022Brain's aerobic energy metabolism, abundance of the fatty acids and unsaturated lipids, generation of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) by hormones, physiological roles of... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
Brain's aerobic energy metabolism, abundance of the fatty acids and unsaturated lipids, generation of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) by hormones, physiological roles of transition metals (i.e., iron and copper), and free radicals in the nervous system may cause inclination to oxidative stress in psychiatric disorders. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) may cause oxidative stress by the electrical field or by the induced seizure. It was aimed to review the literature in terms of the influence of ECT on levels of oxidant and antioxidant compounds.
METHODS
The literature search was performed with the keywords that were oxidative stress or "DNA damage" or "RNA damage" or "lipid peroxidase" or "superoxide dismutase" or "catalase" or "glutathione" or "nitrite" or "nitric oxide" and "electroconvulsive therapy" or "electroconvulsive shock" or "electroconvulsive seizure". Twenty of 1480 records were included.
RESULTS
Eleven studies were performed in human subjects, whereas 9 studies were performed in rats. Human studies are conducted with serum, plasma, or urine samples; rat studies include brain tissues from various sites. In rats, four independent studies showed increased levels of lipid oxidation markers, and four independent studies reported increased levels of oxidative stress markers in brain samples. In human studies, studies were performed with circulating blood samples and the results were more inconsistent.
CONCLUSION
Although some markers like superoxide dismutase or thioredoxin imply that ECT may increase the balance for oxidative stress, this notion is not supported by other markers of ECT. The current literature does not clearly suggest that the ECT is associated with oxidative stress in psychiatric disorders. Further studies with similar methods should be performed in big samples.
PubMed: 36426296
DOI: 10.5152/alphapsychiatry.2021.21584 -
Archives of Oral Biology Jul 2022To assess the relationship between salivary biomarkers of oxidative stress and dental caries in children. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVE
To assess the relationship between salivary biomarkers of oxidative stress and dental caries in children.
METHODS
Studies conducted in children up to 12 years old comparing salivary biomarkers of oxidative stress such as malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), uric acid, and total antioxidant capacity (TAC), considering children with dental caries lesions and caries-free ones were selected. In addition, salivary parameters such as salivary flow, pH, buffering capacity, calcium and total protein levels were evaluated. A systematic literature review was carried out in 8 databases. The standardized mean difference (SMD) was measured using inverse variance as a statistical method and random effects as an analysis model, corresponding to a 95% confidence interval (CI).
RESULTS
The TAC levels were higher in children affected by dental caries compared to caries-free ones (control group), regardless of age (SMD 2.66, CI 1.33, 3.98), or gender (SMD 0.98, CI 0.56, 1.39). When adjusted for normalized protein, MDA levels were lower in the dental caries group than in the control group (SMD -16.51, CI -29.02, -4.00), and SOD levels were higher in the dental caries group (SMD 5.09, CI 0.01.10.18). The total protein concentration in saliva of children with dental caries was higher than in the control group, regardless of age (SMD 0.98, CI 0.27, 1.69), or gender (SMD 0.77, CI 0.45, 1.10). The salivary parameters assessed had lower levels in children affected by dental caries (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
The levels of oxidative stress biomarkers and salivary parameters are altered in saliva of children with dental caries.
Topics: Antioxidants; Biomarkers; Child; Dental Caries; Humans; Oxidative Stress; Saliva; Superoxide Dismutase
PubMed: 35500456
DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2022.105432