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Antioxidants & Redox Signaling Feb 2024The evidence of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the pathogenesis of malaria is inconsistent. This study aimed to synthesize the evidence of blood levels of SOD in... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
The evidence of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the pathogenesis of malaria is inconsistent. This study aimed to synthesize the evidence of blood levels of SOD in patients with malaria and determine the association of blood levels of SOD with the severity of malaria. A total of 1874 articles were retrieved from database searches and 28 studies were included in the review. The blood levels of SOD were lower in individuals with malaria compared with those without malaria infection ( < 0.01, Cohen's d: -2.06, 95% CI: -2.99 to -1.14), : 98.96%, 2181 malaria cases/1186 uninfected cases). There were no differences in blood levels of SOD between severe and nonsevere malaria patients ( = 0.09, Cohen's d: -1.57, 95% CI: -3.39 to 0.26), : 96.02%, 69 severe malaria cases/256 nonsevere malaria cases). The blood levels of SOD were lower in malaria patients compared with those without malaria infection. Further studies will be required to determine the extent to which SOD might prevent infections during pregnancy. . 40, 222-235.
Topics: Pregnancy; Female; Humans; Superoxide Dismutase; Malaria
PubMed: 37125449
DOI: 10.1089/ars.2023.0273 -
Journal of Agricultural and Food... Nov 2023Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system that occurs in old age and pre-aging, characterized by progressive cognitive... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system that occurs in old age and pre-aging, characterized by progressive cognitive dysfunction and behavioral impairment. Salidroside (Sal) is a phenylpropanoid mainly isolated from species with various pharmacological effects. However, the exact anti-AD mechanism of Sal has not been clearly elucidated. This meta-analysis aims to investigate the possible mechanisms by which Sal exerts its anti-AD effects by evaluating behavioral indicators and biochemical characteristics. A total of 20 studies were included, and the results showed that the Sal treatment significantly improved behavior abnormalities in AD animal models. With regard to neurobiochemical indicators, Sal treatment could effectively increase the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase, decrease the oxidative stress indicator malondialdehyde, and decrease the inflammatory indicators interleukin 1β, interleukin 6, and tumor necrosis factor α. Sal treatment was effective in reducing neuropathological indicators, such as amyloid-β levels and the number of apoptotic cells. When the relevant literature on the treatment of rodent AD models is combined with Sal, the therapeutic potential of Sal through multiple mechanisms was confirmed. However, further confirmation by higher quality studies, larger sample sizes, and more comprehensive outcome evaluations in clinical trials is needed in the future.
Topics: Animals; Alzheimer Disease; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Oxidative Stress; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Neuroprotective Agents
PubMed: 37934032
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c06672 -
BMC Oral Health Dec 2023We performed this systematic review and meta-analysis to synthesize all studies that reported the level of oxidative and antioxidative markers in recurrent aphthous... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
We performed this systematic review and meta-analysis to synthesize all studies that reported the level of oxidative and antioxidative markers in recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) patients compared to controls.
METHODS
We registered our study in PROSPERO (CRD42023431310). PubMed, ProQuest, Scopus, EMBASE, Google Scholar, and Web of Science were searched to find relevant publications up to June 5, 2023. The standardized mean differences (SMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. We included 30 articles after multiple stags of screening.
RESULTS
We found that erythrocyte superoxide dismutase and Glutathione peroxidase activity were significantly lower in patients with RAS compared to healthy controls (SMD = - 1.00, 95%CI = -1.79 to -0.21, p = 0.013, and SMD = - 1.90, 95%CI = -3.43 to -0.38, p = 0.01, Respectively). However, there was not any difference between patients with RAS and healthy controls in erythrocyte Catalase (SMD = - 0.71, 95%CI = -1.56-0.14, p = 0.10). The total antioxidant status (TAS) level, in serum was significantly lower in patients than healthy controls (SMD = - 0.98, 95%CI = -1.57 to -0.39, p = 0.001). In addition, RAS patients had higher levels of serum Malondialdehyde (MDA), Serum total oxidant status, and serum oxidative stress index than healthy controls (SMD = 2.11, 95%CI = 1.43-2.79, p < 0.001, SMD = 1.53, 95%CI = 0.34-2.72, p = 0.01, and SMD = 1.25, 95%CI = 0.25-2.25, p = 0.014, Respectively); However, salivary MDA and TAS, and serum uric acid, vitamin E and C, and reduced glutathione levels of patients with RAS were not different from that of healthy controls.
CONCLUSIONS
The relationship between oxidative stress and RAS is well established in this meta-analysis. Although the molecular processes underlying the etiology of this pathology remain unknown, evidence indicating oxidative stress has a significant role in the pathogenesis of RAS has been revealed.
Topics: Humans; Antioxidants; Uric Acid; Stomatitis, Aphthous; Oxidative Stress
PubMed: 38042793
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03636-1 -
Food & Function Aug 2023The fruit of Linn., which mainly grows in tropical and subtropical regions, is well-known for its medicine and food homology properties. It has a distinctive flavor,... (Review)
Review
The fruit of Linn., which mainly grows in tropical and subtropical regions, is well-known for its medicine and food homology properties. It has a distinctive flavor, great nutritional content, and potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer and immunoregulatory effects. According to an increasing amount of scientific and clinical evidence, this fruit shows significant potential for application and development in the field of oral health management. Through the supplementation of vitamins, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and other nutrients reduce virulence expression of various oral pathogens, prevent tissue and mucosal damage caused by oxidative stress, . fruit can promote saliva secretion, regulate the balance of the oral microecology, prevent and treat oral cancer early, promote alveolar bone remodeling and aid mucosal wound healing. Thus, it plays a specific role in the prevention and treatment of common oral disorders, producing surprising results. For instance, enhancing the effectiveness of scaling and root planing in the treatment of periodontitis, relieving mucosal inflammation caused by radiotherapy for oral cancer, and regulating the blood glucose metabolism to alleviate oral discomfort. Herein, we systematically review the latest research on the use of fruit in the management of oral health and examine the challenges and future research directions based on its chemical composition and characteristics.
Topics: Humans; Fruit; Phyllanthus emblica; Plant Extracts; Polyphenols; Mouth Neoplasms
PubMed: 37529983
DOI: 10.1039/d3fo01671d -
PloS One 2016Chronic glaucoma is a multifactorial disease among which oxidative stress may play a major pathophysiological role. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Chronic glaucoma is a multifactorial disease among which oxidative stress may play a major pathophysiological role. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the levels of oxidative and antioxidative stress markers in chronic glaucoma compared with a control group. The PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase and Science Direct databases were searched for studies reporting oxidative and antioxidative stress markers in chronic glaucoma and in healthy controls using the following keywords: "oxidative stress" or "oxidant stress" or "nitrative stress" or "oxidative damage" or "nitrative damage" or "antioxidative stress" or "antioxidant stress" or "antinitrative stress" and "glaucoma". We stratified our meta-analysis on the type of biomarkers, the type of glaucoma, and the origin of the sample (serum or aqueous humor). We included 22 case-control studies with a total of 2913 patients: 1614 with glaucoma and 1319 healthy controls. We included 12 studies in the meta-analysis on oxidative stress markers and 19 on antioxidative stress markers. We demonstrated an overall increase in oxidative stress markers in glaucoma (effect size = 1.64; 95%CI 1.20-2.09), ranging from an effect size of 1.29 in serum (95%CI 0.84-1.74) to 2.62 in aqueous humor (95%CI 1.60-3.65). Despite a decrease in antioxidative stress marker in serum (effect size = -0.41; 95%CI -0.72 to -0.11), some increased in aqueous humor (superoxide dismutase, effect size = 3.53; 95%CI 1.20-5.85 and glutathione peroxidase, effect size = 6.60; 95%CI 3.88-9.31). The differences in the serum levels of oxidative stress markers between glaucoma patients and controls were significantly higher in primary open angle glaucoma vs primary angle closed glaucoma (effect size = 12.7; 95%CI 8.78-16.6, P < 0.001), and higher in pseudo-exfoliative glaucoma vs primary angle closed glaucoma (effect size = 12.2; 95%CI 8.96-15.5, P < 0.001). In conclusion, oxidative stress increased in glaucoma, both in serum and aqueous humor. Malonyldialdehyde seemed the best biomarkers of oxidative stress in serum. The increase of some antioxidant markers could be a protective response of the eye against oxidative stress.
Topics: Aged; Aqueous Humor; Biomarkers; Case-Control Studies; Chronic Disease; Female; Glaucoma, Angle-Closure; Glaucoma, Open-Angle; Glutathione Peroxidase; Humans; Male; Malondialdehyde; Middle Aged; Oxidative Stress; Superoxide Dismutase
PubMed: 27907028
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0166915 -
International Journal For Vitamin and... Jun 2023This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of chromium supplementation on oxidative stress biomarkers such as superoxide dismutase (SOD),... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of chromium supplementation on oxidative stress biomarkers such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant status (TAS), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), catalase (CAT), nitric oxide (NO), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and protein carbonyl. Relevant studies, published from inception until July 2019, were searched through PubMed/Medline, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, Embase, and Google Scholar. All randomized clinical trials investigating the effect of chromium supplementation on oxidative stress were included. Out of 252 citations, 10 trials that enrolled 595 subjects were included. Chromium supplementation resulted in a significant increase in GSH (WMD: 64.79 mg/dl, 95% CI: 22.43 to 107.15; P=0.003) but no significant change in MDA, TAS, TBARS levels, SOD, CAT levels and GPX. Chromium picolinate supplementation resulted in a significant increase in TAC while failing to have a significant effect on NO. Moreover, both chromium picolinate and chromium dinicocysteinate supplementation reduced protein carbonyl levels. Overall, this meta-analysis demonstrated that chromium supplementation increased GSH without any significant changes in the mean of GPX, MDA, TAS, TBARS, CAT and SOD.
Topics: Antioxidants; Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; Oxidative Stress; Biomarkers; Glutathione Peroxidase; Dietary Supplements; Superoxide Dismutase
PubMed: 34013788
DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000706 -
Journal of Diabetes and Metabolic... Dec 2019There is controversial data regarding the effects of dietary antioxidative supplements on diabetic retinopathy (DR). We conducted a systematic review of both... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
There is controversial data regarding the effects of dietary antioxidative supplements on diabetic retinopathy (DR). We conducted a systematic review of both observational and randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs) to clarify whether they are effective or not.
METHODS
All observational and RCTs conducted by antioxidative supplements on DR published up to 1 January 2018 in PubMed, Web of Sciences, Scopus and Cochrane Library databases were included. Exclusion criteria were animal studies, and studies conducted in Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), children or pregnant women. Main outcome measures were reporting the incidence or progression of DR in T2DM by assessment of visual fields, and measurements of oxidative and antioxidative biomarkers. The quality of reporting of included articles and risk of bias were assessed.
RESULTS
Finally, we reached 14 observational studies and 7 RCTs that conducted on 256,259 subjects. Due to severe methodological heterogeneity, only qualitative synthesis was carried. All studies were reported a significantly lower level of antioxidants and higher level of oxidative stress biomarkers in DR compared with others. There was an inverse significant correlation between vitamin C and malondialdehyde (MDA) (r = -0.81) or DNA damage (r = -0.41). These figures were statistically significant between vitamin E and MDA (r = 0.77) or superoxide dismutase (r = 0.44). Coefficient of correlation between MDA and zinc (-0.82), coenzyme Q10 (0.56), and magnesium (-0.73) was significant. Multi-oxidants trials were shown non-significant beneficial effects on DR.
CONCLUSIONS
Although our study supports the positive effects of antioxidative supplements on DR, more high quality studies are needed to confirm.
PubMed: 31890694
DOI: 10.1007/s40200-019-00434-x -
Alpha Psychiatry Mar 2022Brain's aerobic energy metabolism, abundance of the fatty acids and unsaturated lipids, generation of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) by hormones, physiological roles of... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
Brain's aerobic energy metabolism, abundance of the fatty acids and unsaturated lipids, generation of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) by hormones, physiological roles of transition metals (i.e., iron and copper), and free radicals in the nervous system may cause inclination to oxidative stress in psychiatric disorders. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) may cause oxidative stress by the electrical field or by the induced seizure. It was aimed to review the literature in terms of the influence of ECT on levels of oxidant and antioxidant compounds.
METHODS
The literature search was performed with the keywords that were oxidative stress or "DNA damage" or "RNA damage" or "lipid peroxidase" or "superoxide dismutase" or "catalase" or "glutathione" or "nitrite" or "nitric oxide" and "electroconvulsive therapy" or "electroconvulsive shock" or "electroconvulsive seizure". Twenty of 1480 records were included.
RESULTS
Eleven studies were performed in human subjects, whereas 9 studies were performed in rats. Human studies are conducted with serum, plasma, or urine samples; rat studies include brain tissues from various sites. In rats, four independent studies showed increased levels of lipid oxidation markers, and four independent studies reported increased levels of oxidative stress markers in brain samples. In human studies, studies were performed with circulating blood samples and the results were more inconsistent.
CONCLUSION
Although some markers like superoxide dismutase or thioredoxin imply that ECT may increase the balance for oxidative stress, this notion is not supported by other markers of ECT. The current literature does not clearly suggest that the ECT is associated with oxidative stress in psychiatric disorders. Further studies with similar methods should be performed in big samples.
PubMed: 36426296
DOI: 10.5152/alphapsychiatry.2021.21584 -
The International Journal of... Jun 2017People with schizophrenia and other psychosis show increased proinflammatory and prooxidative status. However, the few studies that have specifically assessed oxidative... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
People with schizophrenia and other psychosis show increased proinflammatory and prooxidative status. However, the few studies that have specifically assessed oxidative and inflammatory markers in early onset psychosis (onset before age 18) have shown contradictory results.
METHODS
Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines for systematic reviews and meta-analyses were used to conduct a systematic literature search to detect studies comparing inflammatory and oxidative markers in early onset psychosis patients and healthy controls.
RESULTS
Seven studies met criteria for the qualitative analysis. Four studies met criteria for meta-analysis, comprising an overall sample of 261 early onset psychosis patients and 246 healthy controls. Six independent meta-analyses were performed for catalase, glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, total antioxidant status, and cell/DNA oxidative damage. No significant differences were found between early onset psychosis patients and controls in any of the parameters assessed. Heterogeneity among studies was high. Qualitative analysis of individual studies showed an association of inflammatory and oxidative markers with clinical, cognitive, and neurobiological outcomes, especially in longitudinal assessments.
CONCLUSIONS
Despite the lack of significant differences between early onset psychosis patients and controls in the oxidative markers assessed in the meta-analyses, results based on individual studies suggest that greater inflammation and oxidative stress might lead to poorer outcomes in patients with first episodes of early onset psychosis.
Topics: Acute Disease; Humans; Inflammation; Oxidative Stress; Psychotic Disorders; Schizophrenia
PubMed: 28575316
DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyx015 -
Frontiers in Endocrinology 2023Male testicular dysfunction is a considerable complication of anti-cancer therapies, including chemotherapy and radiotherapy, partly due to the increased oxidative... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Protective effects of exogenous melatonin therapy against oxidative stress to male reproductive tissue caused by anti-cancer chemical and radiation therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of animal studies.
BACKGROUND
Male testicular dysfunction is a considerable complication of anti-cancer therapies, including chemotherapy and radiotherapy, partly due to the increased oxidative stress caused by these treatments. Melatonin is an effective antioxidant agent that protects testicles against physical and toxic chemical stressors in animal models. This study aims to systematically review the melatonin's protective effects against anti-cancer stressors on rodential testicular tissue.
MATERIALS AND METHOD
An extensive search was conducted in Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed for animal studies investigating exogenous melatonin's protective effects on rodent testicles exposed to anti-cancer chemicals and radiotherapeutic agents. Using the DerSimonian and Laird random-effect model, standardized mean differences and 95% confidence intervals were estimated from the pooled data. The protocol was prospectively registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO: CRD42022355293).
RESULTS
The meta-analysis included 38 studies from 43 studies that were eligible for the review. Rats and mice were exposed to radiotherapy (ionizing radiations such as gamma- and roentgen radiation and radioactive iodine) or chemotherapy (methotrexate, paclitaxel, busulfan, cisplatin, doxorubicin, vinblastine, bleomycin, cyclophosphamide, etoposide, Taxol, procarbazine, docetaxel, and chlorambucil). According to our meta-analysis, all outcomes were significantly improved by melatonin therapy, including sperm quantity and quality (count, motility, viability, normal morphology, number of spermatogonia, Johnsen's testicular biopsy score, seminiferous tubular diameter, and seminiferous epithelial height), serum level of reproductive hormones (Follicle-Stimulating Hormone and testosterone), tissue markers of oxidative stress (testicular tissue malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, glutathione, caspase-3, and total antioxidant capacity), and weight-related characteristics (absolute body, epididymis, testis, and relative testis to body weights). Most SYRCLE domains exhibited a high risk of bias in the included studies. Also, significant heterogeneity and small-study effects were detected.
CONCLUSION
In male rodents, melatonin therapy was related to improved testicular histopathology, reproductive hormones, testis and body weights, and reduced levels of oxidative markers in testicular tissues of male rodents. Future meticulous studies are recommended to provide a robust scientific backbone for human applications.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42022355293, identifier CRD42022355293.
Topics: Humans; Male; Animals; Rats; Mice; Melatonin; Antioxidants; Iodine Radioisotopes; Semen; Thyroid Neoplasms; Oxidative Stress; Body Weight
PubMed: 37701901
DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1184745