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Nutrition Reviews May 2022A relationship between obesity and poor oral health has been reported. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
CONTEXT
A relationship between obesity and poor oral health has been reported.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the association between overweight/obesity and oral health in Mexican children and adolescents.
DATA SOURCES
A literature search was conducted of 13 databases and 1 search engine for articles published from 1995 onward.
DATA ANALYSIS
A total of 18 publications were included. Evidence was inconclusive and varied according to sociodemographic factors or outcome measuring tools. The Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth and Filled Teeth Surfaces indices and the decayed extracted filled teeth index outcomes were included in a random effects model meta-analysis. Pooled estimates showed no statistically significant oral health differences (measured via the decayed extracted filled teeth or the Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth Surfaces indexes) among body mass index (BMI) categories. However, pooled estimates of 6 studies showed that children with higher BMI had worse oral health in permanent teeth (measured via the Decayed Missing Filled Teeth Index) than children with lower BMI (overall mean difference, -0.42; 95%CI, -0.74, -0.11).
CONCLUSION
Whether there is an association between poor oral health and high BMI is inconclusive; however, both co-exist among Mexican children. Therefore, health promotion and prevention efforts should address common risk factors and broader risk social determinants shared between noncommunicable diseases.
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Dental Caries; Dentition, Permanent; Health Promotion; Humans; Obesity; Oral Health
PubMed: 34664672
DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuab088 -
Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal... Aug 2017Dynamic tasks over unstable surfaces are commonly done in daily activities. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
The effect of surface instability on the differential activation of muscle activity in low back pain patients as compared to healthy individuals: A systematic review of the literature and meta-analysis.
BACKGROUND
Dynamic tasks over unstable surfaces are commonly done in daily activities.
OBJECTIVE
A number of studies indicated positive effect of doing postural tasks over unstable surface on trunk muscle activities in patients with low back pain (LBP), while the others reported opposite effects. Due to lack of consensus in the findings in this area of research, we aimed to systematically review studies, which investigated the effect of surface instability on trunk muscle activity in patients with LBP as compared to healthy individuals.
METHIDS
A literature search was performed using the PubMed, Science Direct, OVID, CINAHL, PEDro, Cochrane, Scopus and MEDLINE databases. Low back pain, unstable surface, posture or stability and trunk muscle activity were applied as keywords. The methodological quality was examined using valid assessment tools.
RESULTS
The activity of superficial trunk muscles is impaired in patients with LBP during dynamic tasks over unstable surfaces. Differences in the methodology of included studies could be considered as reasons behind the inconsistencies in the findings in included studies. These studies included investigation of superficial or deep muscles, the timing of recorded muscle activity, the level of surface instability and the length of time over unstable surfaces.
CONCLUSION
Dynamic tasks over unstable surfaces could decrease pre-program reaction (PPR) and increase voluntary reaction (VR) of superficial trunk muscles in patients with LBP, which may reduce the ratio of deep versus superficial muscles, compared to healthy individuals.
Topics: Electromyography; Humans; Low Back Pain; Muscle, Skeletal; Posture; Torso
PubMed: 28655122
DOI: 10.3233/BMR-150361 -
Journal of Biomedical Materials... Feb 2014The following aims were set for this systematic literature review: (a) to make an inventory of existing methods to achieve bondable surfaces on oxide ceramics and (b) to... (Review)
Review
The following aims were set for this systematic literature review: (a) to make an inventory of existing methods to achieve bondable surfaces on oxide ceramics and (b) to evaluate which methods might provide sufficient bond strength. Current literature of in vitro studies regarding bond strength achieved using different surface treatments on oxide ceramics in combination with adhesive cement systems was selected from PubMed and systematically analyzed and completed with reference tracking. The total number of publications included for aim a was 127 studies, 23 of which were used for aim b. The surface treatments are divided into seven main groups: as-produced, grinding/polishing, airborne particle abrasion, surface coating, laser treatment, acid treatment, and primer treatment. There are large variations, making comparison of the studies difficult. An as-produced surface of oxide ceramic needs to be surface treated to achieve durable bond strength. Abrasive surface treatment and/or silica-coating treatment with the use of primer treatment can provide sufficient bond strength for bonding oxide ceramics. This conclusion, however, needs to be confirmed by clinical studies. There is no universal surface treatment. Consideration should be given to the specific materials to be cemented and to the adhesive cement system to be used.
Topics: Animals; Bone Cements; Ceramics; Humans; Materials Testing
PubMed: 24123837
DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.33013 -
BMJ Clinical Evidence Mar 2008Unrelieved pressure or friction of the skin, particularly over bony prominences, can lead to pressure ulcers in up to a third of people in hospitals or community care,... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Unrelieved pressure or friction of the skin, particularly over bony prominences, can lead to pressure ulcers in up to a third of people in hospitals or community care, and a fifth of nursing home residents. Pressure ulcers are more likely in people with reduced mobility and poor skin condition, such as older people or those with vascular disease.
METHODS AND OUTCOMES
We conducted a systematic review and aimed to answer the following clinical questions: What are the effects of preventive interventions in people at risk of developing pressure ulcers? What are the effects of treatments in people with pressure ulcers? We searched: Medline, Embase, The Cochrane Library and other important databases up to February 2007 (Clinical Evidence reviews are updated periodically, please check our website for the most up-to-date version of this review). We included harms alerts from relevant organisations such as the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the UK Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA).
RESULTS
We found 60 systematic reviews, RCTs, or observational studies that met our inclusion criteria. We performed a GRADE evaluation of the quality of evidence for interventions.
CONCLUSIONS
In this systematic review we present information relating to the effectiveness and safety of the following interventions: air-filled vinyl boots, air-fluidised supports, alternating pressure surfaces (including mattresses), alternative foam mattresses, constant low-pressure supports, debridement, electric profiling beds, electrotherapy, hydrocellular heel supports, low-air-loss beds (including hydrotherapy beds), low-level laser therapy, low-tech constant low-pressure supports, medical sheepskin overlays, nutritional supplements, orthopaedic wool padding, pressure-relieving overlays on operating tables, pressure-relieving surfaces, repositioning (regular "turning"), seat cushions, standard beds, standard care, standard foam mattresses, standard tables, surgery, therapeutic ultrasound, topical lotions and dressings, topical negative pressure, and topical phenytoin.
Topics: Animals; Bandages; Beds; Humans; Low-Level Light Therapy; Negative-Pressure Wound Therapy; Phenytoin; Pressure Ulcer
PubMed: 19450317
DOI: No ID Found -
Florence Nightingale Journal of Nursing Jun 2022Nurses use their smartphones during the work shift. The objective of this review is to investigate the presence of bacteria on mobile phones and the procedures to...
AIM
Nurses use their smartphones during the work shift. The objective of this review is to investigate the presence of bacteria on mobile phones and the procedures to disinfect or decontaminate the smartphone and decrease the infection rate.
METHOD
This systematic review was carried out through a search on the main scientific databases by following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The research was conducted by considering articles published in the last ten years.
RESULTS
Of 502 initial articles, 489 were excluded and 12 articles were considered relevant. Twelve articles were included in the review. The analysis of the studies showed a high contamination of pathogenic microorganisms on the device's surfaces, most of which appear to be antibiotic resistant. The use of smartphones during clinical practice increases the risk of contracting nosocomial infections. The presence of bacteria on mobile phones and their use favors the cross-transmission of microorganisms.
CONCLUSION
Onset prevention is a primary goal for the entire multidisciplinary team. There are no protocols concerning smartphones disinfection during clinical practice, but their implementation would reduce the incidence by improving nursing care.
PubMed: 35699640
DOI: 10.54614/FNJN.2022.21190 -
Systematic Reviews Sep 2023We investigated whether an impediment to progress in understanding the environmental factors that cause falls may be the difficulty in comparing results across studies...
We investigated whether an impediment to progress in understanding the environmental factors that cause falls may be the difficulty in comparing results across studies because walking surfaces are poorly defined and underspecified. We conducted a systematic review of 384 studies from 370 articles that tested how different surfaces influenced human walking and falling. For each study, we report which categories of surfaces were used (indoor, outdoor, treadmill, virtual reality and qualitative), the nature of each surface (stairs, slopes, slippery, compliant, rough or default) and how information about each surface was measured. We found that minimal information was provided for many surfaces, making it impossible to meaningfully compare results for different types of surfaces across studies. We conclude that most published studies of walking and falling provide insufficient data to describe the surfaces that they used and we provide recommendations about how to improve the reporting of walking surfaces.
Topics: Humans; Accidental Falls; Virtual Reality; Walking
PubMed: 37660050
DOI: 10.1186/s13643-023-02315-0 -
Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine May 2014Superficial skin injuries are considered minor, and their incidence is probably underestimated. Insight into the incidence and mechanism of acute skin injury can be... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Superficial skin injuries are considered minor, and their incidence is probably underestimated. Insight into the incidence and mechanism of acute skin injury can be helpful in developing suitable preventive measures and safer playing surfaces for soccer and other field sports.
PURPOSE
To gain insight into the incidence and severity of skin injuries related to soccer and to describe the skin injury mechanism due to player-surface contact.
STUDY DESIGN
Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4.
METHODS
The prevention model by van Mechelen et al (1992) combined with the injury causation model of Bahr and Krosshaug (2005) were used as a framework for the survey to describe the skin injury incidence and mechanism caused by player-surface contact.
RESULTS
The reviewed literature showed that common injury reporting methods are mainly based on time lost from participation or the need for medical attention. Because skin abrasions seldom lead to absence or medical attention, they are often not reported. When reported, the incidence of abrasion/laceration injuries varies from 0.8 to 6.1 injuries per 1000 player-hours. Wound assessment techniques such as the Skin Damage Area and Severity Index can be a valuable tool to obtain a more accurate estimation of the incidence and severity of acute skin injuries.
CONCLUSION
The use of protective equipment, a skin lubricant, or wet surface conditions has a positive effect on preventing abrasion-type injuries from artificial turf surfaces. The literature also shows that essential biomechanical information of the sliding event is lacking, such as how energy is transferred to the area of contact. From a clinical and histological perspective, there are strong indications that a sliding-induced skin lesion is caused by mechanical rather than thermal injury to the skin.
PubMed: 26535330
DOI: 10.1177/2325967114533482 -
Journal of Pain Research 2024The prevalence of orofacial pain continues to increase. Additionally, the rising number has been accompanied by reduced quality of life of its sufferers. An assumed... (Review)
Review
The prevalence of orofacial pain continues to increase. Additionally, the rising number has been accompanied by reduced quality of life of its sufferers. An assumed association between orofacial pain and anxiety has surfaced due to the results of several studies that show higher occurrence of anxiety in people experiencing orofacial pain, compared to those who are orofacial-pain-free. The aim of this systematic review was to discover past research on orofacial pain and its relationship to anxiety, and to understand the relationship between acute and chronic orofacial pain and anxiety. The current systematic review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) rules. Study searches were carried out using three databases, namely PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Scopus. Article selection was carried out in several stages and was based on inclusion and exclusion criteria and continued by assessing the methodological quality and risk of bias of each article. The risk of bias was analyzed by using the critical review tool for cross-sectional studies from the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI). The selection process led to a review process of 13 cross-sectional research articles. The systematic review showed a positive relationship between orofacial pain and anxiety, with variations in the strength of the relationship (weak to moderate). Most articles revealed that anxiety is a risk factor for orofacial pain. A correlation between chronic orofacial pain and anxiety was mentioned in several studies. It can be concluded that there is an existing relationship between orofacial pain and anxiety, especially chronic orofacial pain. Prospero registration number: CRD42023385409.
PubMed: 38192368
DOI: 10.2147/JPR.S432031 -
EClinicalMedicine May 2023Prior reviews have not conducted statistical synthesis of injury incidence on artificial turf in football. To analyse and compare the incidence of injuries sustained...
BACKGROUND
Prior reviews have not conducted statistical synthesis of injury incidence on artificial turf in football. To analyse and compare the incidence of injuries sustained playing football (soccer) on artificial turf compared to grass and other playing surfaces.
METHODS
This was a systematic review and meta-analysis. We searched PubMed, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science databases in October 2022 without filters. All observational studies (prospective or retrospective) that analysed injuries sustained playing football on artificial turf and which included a control group that played on grass or other surface were included. Studies were included if they reported the number of injuries and the exposure time for the playing surfaces. Risk of bias was assessed by Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. A random effects model was used to calculate the pooled incidence rate ratios (IRR) with 95% confidence intervals. Protocol was registered with PROSPERO on October 30th, 2022. Registration number: CRD42022371414.
FINDINGS
We screened 1447 studies, and evaluated 67 full reports, and finally included 22 studies. Risk of bias was a notable issue, as only 5 of the 22 studies adjusted their analysis for potential confounders. Men (11 studies: IRR 0.82, CI 0.72-0.94) and women (5 studies: IRR 0.83, CI 0.76-0.91) had lower injury incidence on artificial turf. Professional players had a lower incidence of injury (8 studies: IRR 0.79, CI 0.70-0.90) on artificial turf, whereas there was no evidence of differences in the incidence of injury in amateur players (8 studies: IRR 0.91, CI 0.77-1.09). The incidence of pelvis/thigh (10 studies: IRR 0.72, CI 0.57-0.90), and knee injuries (14 studies: IRR 0.77, CI 0.64-0.92) were lower on artificial turf.
INTERPRETATION
The overall incidence of football injuries is lower on artificial turf than on grass. Based on these findings, the risk of injury can't be used as an argument against artificial turf when considering the optimal playing surface for football.
FUNDING
No specific funding was received for this study.
PubMed: 37125402
DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.101956 -
International Journal of Oral... Nov 2021To evaluate the impact of implant surface characteristics on the initiation, progression and treatment outcomes of peri-implantitis based exclusively on in vivo... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Influence of implant surface characteristics on the initiation, progression and treatment outcomes of peri-implantitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis based on animal model studies.
PURPOSE
To evaluate the impact of implant surface characteristics on the initiation, progression and treatment outcomes of peri-implantitis based exclusively on in vivo investigations.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A literature search was conducted by two independent reviewers following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines to identify animal studies comparing at least two different implant surfaces affected by experimental peri-implantitis, with distinct characteristics and with or without subsequent surgical treatment that aims to arrest disease progression. The parameters evaluated included both radiographic (e.g., marginal bone level) and clinical (e.g., probing depth, bleeding on probing) aspects to determine changes in disease progression and treatment outcomes.
RESULTS
No statistically significant differences were found among the different implant surfaces during the initiation of peri-implantitis. On the other hand, the progression and treatment outcomes of peri-implantitis displayed statistically significant differences among the different implant systems, with turned surfaces reporting less bone loss during the progression period and greater bone gain after treatment.
CONCLUSIONS
Implant surface characteristics play a critical role in the progression and treatment outcomes of peri-implantitis. Turned implant surfaces demonstrated the least amount of bone loss after ligature removal and recorded the most favourable treatment outcomes.
Topics: Alveolar Bone Loss; Animals; Dental Implants; Disease Models, Animal; Peri-Implantitis; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 34726847
DOI: No ID Found