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The International Journal of Behavioral... Jul 2012The assessment of physical activity in healthy populations and in those with chronic diseases is challenging. The aim of this systematic review was to identify whether... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
The assessment of physical activity in healthy populations and in those with chronic diseases is challenging. The aim of this systematic review was to identify whether available activity monitors (AM) have been appropriately validated for use in assessing physical activity in these groups. Following a systematic literature search we found 134 papers meeting the inclusion criteria; 40 conducted in a field setting (validation against doubly labelled water), 86 in a laboratory setting (validation against a metabolic cart, metabolic chamber) and 8 in a field and laboratory setting. Correlation coefficients between AM outcomes and energy expenditure (EE) by the criterion method (doubly labelled water and metabolic cart/chamber) and percentage mean differences between EE estimation from the monitor and EE measurement by the criterion method were extracted. Random-effects meta-analyses were performed to pool the results across studies where possible. Types of devices were compared using meta-regression analyses. Most validation studies had been performed in healthy adults (n=118), with few carried out in patients with chronic diseases (n=16). For total EE, correlation coefficients were statistically significantly lower in uniaxial compared to multisensor devices. For active EE, correlations were slightly but not significantly lower in uniaxial compared to triaxial and multisensor devices. Uniaxial devices tended to underestimate TEE (-12.07 (95%CI; -18.28 to -5.85) %) compared to triaxial (-6.85 (95%CI; -18.20 to 4.49) %, p=0.37) and were statistically significantly less accurate than multisensor devices (-3.64 (95%CI; -8.97 to 1.70) %, p<0.001). TEE was underestimated during slow walking speeds in 69% of the lab validation studies compared to 37%, 30% and 37% of the studies during intermediate, fast walking speed and running, respectively. The high level of heterogeneity in the validation studies is only partly explained by the type of activity monitor and the activity monitor outcome. Triaxial and multisensor devices tend to be more valid monitors. Since activity monitors are less accurate at slow walking speeds and information about validated activity monitors in chronic disease populations is lacking, proper validation studies in these populations are needed prior to their inclusion in clinical trials.
Topics: Chronic Disease; Databases, Factual; Energy Metabolism; Exercise Test; Humans; Monitoring, Physiologic; Motor Activity; Running
PubMed: 22776399
DOI: 10.1186/1479-5868-9-84 -
International Journal of Environmental... Jul 2022Three-dimensional facial imaging systems are a useful tool that is gradually replacing two-dimensional imaging and traditional anthropometry with calipers. In this... (Review)
Review
Three-dimensional facial imaging systems are a useful tool that is gradually replacing two-dimensional imaging and traditional anthropometry with calipers. In this varied and growing landscape of new devices, Canfield (Canfield Scientific, Parsippany, NJ, USA) has proposed a series of static and portable 3D imaging systems. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the current literature regarding the validation of Canfield's Vectra imaging systems. A search strategy was developed on electronic databases including PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus by using specific keywords. After the study selection phase, a total of 10 articles were included in the present review. A total of 10 articles were finally included in the present review. For six articles, we conducted a validation of the Vectra static devices, focusing especially on the Vectra M5, Vectra M3 and Vectra XT. For four articles, we validated the Vectra H1 portable system. All of the reviewed articles concluded that Canfield's Vectra 3D imaging systems are capable of capturing accurate and reproducible stereophotogrammetric images. Minor errors were reported, particularly in the acquisition of the perioral region, but all the evaluated devices are considered to be valid and accurate tools for clinicians.
Topics: Anthropometry; Face; Imaging, Three-Dimensional; Photogrammetry; Reproducibility of Results
PubMed: 35886670
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19148820 -
Reviews in the Neurosciences Jan 2023Numerous predictive models for Parkinson's disease (PD) incidence have been published recently. However, the model performance and methodological quality of those... (Review)
Review
Numerous predictive models for Parkinson's disease (PD) incidence have been published recently. However, the model performance and methodological quality of those available models are yet needed to be summarized and assessed systematically. In this systematic review, we systematically reviewed the published predictive models for PD incidence and assessed their risk of bias and applicability. Three international databases were searched. Cohort or nested case-control studies that aimed to develop or validate a predictive model for PD incidence were considered eligible. The Prediction model Risk Of Bias ASsessment Tool (PROBAST) was used for risk of bias and applicability assessment. Ten studies covering 10 predictive models were included. Among them, four studies focused on model development, covering eight models, while the remaining six studies focused on model external validation, covering two models. The discrimination of the eight new development models was generally poor, with only one model reported C index > 0.70. Four out of the six external validation studies showed excellent or outstanding discrimination. All included studies had high risk of bias. Three predictive models (the International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society [MDS] prodromal PD criteria, the model developed by Karabayir et al. and models validated by Faust et al.) are recommended for clinical application by considering model performance and resource-demanding. In conclusion, the performance and methodological quality of most of the identified predictive models for PD incidence were unsatisfactory. The MDS prodromal PD criteria, model developed by Karabayir et al. and model validated by Faust et al. may be considered for clinical use.
Topics: Humans; Parkinson Disease; Incidence; Bias
PubMed: 35822736
DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2022-0012 -
Heliyon May 2022The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) is a reliable measure for detecting paternal postpartum depression. The study's purpose is to determine the appropriate...
The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) is a reliable measure for detecting paternal postpartum depression. The study's purpose is to determine the appropriate cut-off scores of EPDS for fathers. Our research was conducted using PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus. The time frame of the search was from the issuance of EPDS in 1987 until January 2021. The analysis comprised of studies that compared EPDS scores for depression from validated diagnostic interviews. For EPDS cut-off values of 7-13, a bivariate random-effects meta-analysis was used to estimate pooled sensitivity and specificity, as well as the diagnostic odds ratio. Seven studies with a total of 2393 participants were identified. The pooled sensitivity and specificity were satisfactory at cut-off values of 7-10, with significant diagnostic odds ratio. The EPDS accuracy was unaffected by the prevalence of depression, the fathers' mean age, or the translated language. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale has acceptable properties for detecting paternal postpartum depression, with cut-off scores ranging from 7 to 10.
PubMed: 35663736
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09441 -
Journal of Clinical Medicine Nov 2022The Pelvic Floor Bother Questionnaire is a validated and reliable questionnaire that studies the presence and degree of pelvic floor discomfort, providing a global... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
The Pelvic Floor Bother Questionnaire is a validated and reliable questionnaire that studies the presence and degree of pelvic floor discomfort, providing a global vision of pelvic floor dysfunction. This questionnaire assesses urinary stress incontinence, urinary urgency, urinary frequency, urge urinary incontinence, pelvic organ prolapses, dysuria, dyspareunia, defecatory dysfunction, fecal incontinence, and the disability it causes to the respondent.
AIM
The aim of the present study was to analyze the structural characteristics and psychometric properties of the different versions of the pelvic floor bother questionnaire, as well as the methodological quality, the quality of evidence, and the criteria used for good measurement properties.
METHODS
A systematic review was carried out in different databases, such as PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, Dialnet, ScienceDirect, and CINAHL, on studies adapting and validating the pelvic floor bother questionnaire in other languages. The data were analyzed taking into account the guidelines of the preferred reporting item statement for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) and following the COSMIN guidelines, considering articles published up to 28 February 2022, and registered in the PROSPERO database.
RESULTS
Initially, a total of 443 studies were found, from which a total of four studies were analyzed with regard to structural characteristics and psychometric properties, such as reliability, internal consistency, construct validity, and criterion validity.
CONCLUSIONS
The different versions of the questionnaires show basic structural characteristics and psychometric properties for the evaluation of patients with pelvic floor dysfunctions. Most of the analyzed versions present criteria for good measurement properties qualified as sufficient, inadequate-adequate methodological quality, and low-moderate quality of evidence.
PubMed: 36498649
DOI: 10.3390/jcm11237075 -
The International Journal of Eating... Oct 2020Although muscle dysmorphia (MD) is a new addition to DSM-5 as a specifier of body dysmorphic disorder (BDD), previous studies have treated MD as a stand-alone diagnosis.... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVE
Although muscle dysmorphia (MD) is a new addition to DSM-5 as a specifier of body dysmorphic disorder (BDD), previous studies have treated MD as a stand-alone diagnosis. We aimed to assess the validity of MD as a stand-alone diagnosis via systematic and meta-analytic review of MD literature using both Robins and Guze criteria and additional criteria from Kendler.
METHOD
We performed a systematic search of ProQuest, PsycInfo, and PubMed databases for the period of January 1993 to October 2019 resulting in 40 papers to examine Robins and Guze's criteria (clinical picture) as well as those added by Kendler (antecedent validators; concurrent validators; predictive validators).
RESULTS
We identified two distinct symptomatic presentations of MD using cluster analysis, a behavioral type and cognitive/behavioral type. For examining the concurrent validators, quantitative meta-analyses differentiated MD populations from controls; however, results were inconclusive in delineating MD from existing disorders. For assessing antecedent and predictive validators, the symptomatic profiles, treatment response, and familial links for MD were similar to those for BDD and for eating disorders.
DISCUSSION
We found preliminary support for MD as a clinically valid presentation, but insufficient evidence to determine whether it is best categorized as a specifier of BDD or unique psychiatric condition.
Topics: Adult; Body Dysmorphic Disorders; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; Female; Humans; Male; Muscle, Skeletal; Young Adult
PubMed: 32737999
DOI: 10.1002/eat.23349 -
Annals of Internal Medicine Jan 2024Severe maternal morbidity and mortality are worse in the United States than in all similar countries, with the greatest effect on Black women. Emerging research suggests... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Severe maternal morbidity and mortality are worse in the United States than in all similar countries, with the greatest effect on Black women. Emerging research suggests that disrespectful care during childbirth contributes to this problem.
PURPOSE
To conduct a systematic review on definitions and valid measurements of respectful maternity care (RMC), its effectiveness for improving maternal and infant health outcomes for those who are pregnant and postpartum, and strategies for implementation.
DATA SOURCES
Systematic searches of Ovid Medline, CINAHL, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PsycInfo, and SocINDEX for English-language studies (inception to July 2023).
STUDY SELECTION
Randomized controlled trials and nonrandomized studies of interventions of RMC versus usual care for effectiveness studies; additional qualitative and noncomparative validation studies for definitions and measurement studies.
DATA EXTRACTION
Dual data abstraction and quality assessment using established methods, with resolution of disagreements through consensus.
DATA SYNTHESIS
Thirty-seven studies were included across all questions, of which 1 provided insufficient evidence on the effectiveness of RMC to improve maternal outcomes and none studied RMC to improve infant outcomes. To define RMC, authors identified 12 RMC frameworks, from which 2 main concepts were identified: and frameworks. Disrespect and abuse components focused on recognizing birth mistreatment; rights-based frameworks incorporated aspects of reproductive justice, human rights, and antiracism. Five overlapping framework themes include freedom from abuse, consent, privacy, dignity, communication, safety, and justice. Twelve tools to measure RMC were validated in 24 studies on content validity, construct validity, and internal consistency, but lack of a gold standard limited evaluation of criterion validity. Three tools specific for RMC had at least 1 study demonstrating consistency internally and with an intended construct relevant to U.S. settings, but no single tool stands out as the best measure of RMC.
LIMITATIONS
No studies evaluated other health outcomes or RMC implementation strategies. The lack of definition and gold standard limit evaluation of RMC tools.
CONCLUSION
Frameworks for RMC are well described but vary in their definitions. Tools to measure RMC demonstrate consistency but lack a gold standard, requiring further evaluation before implementation in U.S. settings. Evidence is lacking on the effectiveness of implementing RMC to improve any maternal or infant health outcome.
PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE
Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. (PROSPERO: CRD42023394769).
Topics: Infant; Pregnancy; Female; Humans; Maternal Health Services; Respect; Obstetrics; Delivery, Obstetric; Postpartum Period; Quality of Health Care
PubMed: 38163377
DOI: 10.7326/M23-2676 -
Clinical Therapeutics Sep 2011The need for an approach to measuring health results that incorporates patients' and payers' perspectives has generated a wide range of health care outcomes (HCOs), but... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
The need for an approach to measuring health results that incorporates patients' and payers' perspectives has generated a wide range of health care outcomes (HCOs), but it is yet unknown whether these HCOs are appropriate or valid for the health care decision-making process.
OBJECTIVE
The goal of this study was to assess HCOs, patient-reported outcomes (PROs), and economic outcomes in terms of validity and appropriateness to health care decision making in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
METHODS
This systematic review of studies published between January 1, 1996, and November 1, 2010, comprised an electronic literature search of MEDLINE and Centre for Reviews and Dissemination databases. Studies included were clinical trials, observational studies, economic analyses, and studies on the development and validation of HCOs in T2DM in the adult population. HCOs were assessed and classified according to their relevance for decision makers in terms of feasibility for routine use, validity, sensitivity, reliability, understanding, and scope.
RESULTS
Two independent reviewers screened 4497 citations. Of these, 281 potentially eligible full articles were retrieved, and 185 met the inclusion criteria. A total of 121 HCOs in T2DM were identified: 80 (66.1%) PROs and 41 (33.9%) economic outcomes. Only 44.6% of the outcomes assessed were appropriate and valid for health care decision making. Greater deficiencies in evidence were found for PROs (61.3%), followed by economic outcomes (43.9%).
CONCLUSIONS
A large number of HCOs are being used in the health care decision-making process, but a significant proportion of these new outcomes have not been properly validated. Despite the fact that appropriate measures will depend on the specific needs of the decision makers, researchers need to use HCOs for which evidence of quality and appropriateness is available.
Topics: Cost-Benefit Analysis; Decision Making; Decision Support Techniques; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Humans; Medication Adherence; Outcome Assessment, Health Care; Patient Education as Topic; Patient Participation
PubMed: 21856000
DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2011.07.013 -
Systematic Reviews Nov 2021Many prognostic models of diabetic microvascular complications have been developed, but their performances still varies. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Many prognostic models of diabetic microvascular complications have been developed, but their performances still varies. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to summarise the performances of the existing models.
METHODS
Prognostic models of diabetic microvascular complications were retrieved from PubMed and Scopus up to 31 December 2020. Studies were selected, if they developed or internally/externally validated models of any microvascular complication in type 2 diabetes (T2D).
RESULTS
In total, 71 studies were eligible, of which 32, 30 and 18 studies initially developed prognostic model for diabetic retinopathy (DR), chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end stage renal disease (ESRD) with the number of derived equations of 84, 96 and 51, respectively. Most models were derived-phases, some were internal and external validations. Common predictors were age, sex, HbA1c, diabetic duration, SBP and BMI. Traditional statistical models (i.e. Cox and logit regression) were mostly applied, otherwise machine learning. In cohorts, the discriminative performance in derived-logit was pooled with C statistics of 0.82 (0.73‑0.92) for DR and 0.78 (0.74‑0.83) for CKD. Pooled Cox regression yielded 0.75 (0.74‑0.77), 0.78 (0.74‑0.82) and 0.87 (0.84‑0.89) for DR, CKD and ESRD, respectively. External validation performances were sufficiently pooled with 0.81 (0.78‑0.83), 0.75 (0.67‑0.84) and 0.87 (0.85‑0.88) for DR, CKD and ESRD, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
Several prognostic models were developed, but less were externally validated. A few studies derived the models by using appropriate methods and were satisfactory reported. More external validations and impact analyses are required before applying these models in clinical practice.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION
PROSPERO CRD42018105287.
Topics: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetic Retinopathy; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Prognosis; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic
PubMed: 34724973
DOI: 10.1186/s13643-021-01841-z -
European Spine Journal : Official... Jun 2022Foraminal stenosis is commonly investigated with radiological methods in patients with radiating pain in extremities. However, there is a lack of consensus regarding the... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
Foraminal stenosis is commonly investigated with radiological methods in patients with radiating pain in extremities. However, there is a lack of consensus regarding the methodology to assess compression of the nerve roots. This systematic review was performed to identify validated classification systems for foraminal stenosis in the lumbar and cervical spine based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
METHODS
A systematic search was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. The search included Cochrane, Embase, Medline and PubMed databases going back 30 years and up to September 2021. Three categories of words were used in different variations; foraminal stenosis, MRI and scoring. For inclusion, at least one word from each category had to be present. Articles suggesting classification systems or reporting on their validation were selected for inclusion.
RESULTS
A total of 823 articles were identified and all abstracts were reviewed. Subsequently, a full-text review of 64 articles was performed and finally 14 articles were included. A total of three validated classification systems were found for the cervical and lumbar spine. The remaining 11 articles reported on validation or suggested modifications of the classification systems.
CONCLUSION
The three classification systems demonstrated moderate to good reliability and have all been shown feasible in the clinical setting. There is however a need for further studies testing the validity of these classifications in relation to both clinical findings and to surgical outcome data.
Topics: Constriction, Pathologic; Humans; Lumbar Vertebrae; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Reproducibility of Results; Spinal Stenosis
PubMed: 35347421
DOI: 10.1007/s00586-022-07147-5