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Pancreatology : Official Journal of the... 2016Patients with chronic pancreatitis (CP) are at risk of malnutrition due to malabsorption, pain and/or alcohol consumption. This can cause vitamin D insufficiency or... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES
Patients with chronic pancreatitis (CP) are at risk of malnutrition due to malabsorption, pain and/or alcohol consumption. This can cause vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency, which is associated with osteoporosis and increased risks of fractures. We aimed to perform a meta-analysis to determine the prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency in CP patients. Furthermore, we compared these results with healthy controls.
METHODS
We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis on the literature by searching PubMed and EMBASE (January 2000-December 2015) on CP and vitamin D. Primary outcome was prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency (<75 nmoL/L) and deficiency (<50 nmoL/L) in CP patients. When available, data of CP patients were compared with healthy controls.
RESULTS
Nine studies were included in our meta-analysis, reporting on the prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency in 465 patients (mean age 41 years (range 18-60), 81% male) and in 378 controls (mean age 40 years (range 18-67), 76% male). Pooled prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency in CP patients was 83% and 65%, respectively. Calculated odds ratio (OR) of vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency between CP patients and controls was 1.34 (0.54-3.29) and 1.14 (0.70-1.85), respectively (p > 0.05).
CONCLUSION
There is a high prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency in CP patients. Nevertheless, there is no significant difference in prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency compared to healthy controls. Further research should indicate the clinical relevance and consequences of these findings for clinical practice.
Topics: Humans; Pancreatitis, Chronic; Prevalence; Vitamin D; Vitamin D Deficiency
PubMed: 27453461
DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2016.07.010 -
Psychiatria Polska Dec 2022The aim of this study was the identification and summary of studies examining the relationship between vitamin D levels and the risk of depression and depressive... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
AIM
The aim of this study was the identification and summary of studies examining the relationship between vitamin D levels and the risk of depression and depressive symptoms severity, published between January 2008 and January 2019.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
A systematic review of literature published within the last 10 years and accessible in PubMed database was conducted by each author separately based on predetermined inclusion criteria.
RESULTS
Out of the 823 studies qualified to the initial abstract analysis, 24 were included into the full-text review and 18 into the meta-analysis. Statistically significant odds ratio was obtained for risk of depression in the course of vitamin D deficiency (OR = 1.51; 95% CI: 1.4-1.62; p < 0.01).
CONCLUSIONS
The analysis of available literature seems to indicate that there is an association between risk of depression and vitamin D deficiency. However, current literature does not give the possibility to state explicitly what is the exact mechanism and direction of this dependency.
Topics: Humans; Depression; Vitamin D Deficiency; Vitamin D; Vitamins
PubMed: 37098201
DOI: 10.12740/PP/OnlineFirst/130992 -
The Journal of Maternal-fetal &... Apr 2021The object of the present study was to estimate the relationship between maternal vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy and low birth weight by systematically review... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVE
The object of the present study was to estimate the relationship between maternal vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy and low birth weight by systematically review prevalence studies.
METHODS
We collected data from relevant studies published up to April 2019 using predefined inclusion/exclusion criteria. And all the studies were searched in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science.
RESULTS
A total of 16 studies met the criteria and were included in the meta-analysis. When compared with normal serum levels of vitamin D, the maternal vitamin D deficiency had an increased risk of low birth weight (OR = 2.39; 95%CI 1.25-4.57; = .008), and same results were found in the comparison of the mean (the total mean birth weight decreased by 0.08 kg; 95%CI -0.10 to -0.06; < .001).
CONCLUSION
The evidence from this meta-analysis indicates a consistent association between vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy and an increased risk of low birth weight, and preventing maternal vitamin D deficiency may be an important public health strategy to help decrease the risk of low birth weight.
Topics: Birth Weight; Female; Humans; Infant, Low Birth Weight; Infant, Newborn; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Pregnancy Outcome; Vitamin D; Vitamin D Deficiency
PubMed: 31122092
DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2019.1623780 -
Tropical Doctor Jan 2017Studies related to vitamin D deficiency and lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) in children have inconsistent findings. The objective of this systematic review was... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Studies related to vitamin D deficiency and lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) in children have inconsistent findings. The objective of this systematic review was to assess the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in children with LRTI, and to evaluate the correlation between vitamin D levels and the incidence and severity of LRTI. A total of 12 studies enrolling 2279 participants were included in our analysis. Children with LRTI were found to have significantly lower mean vitamin D levels as compared to controls There was likewise a correlation between vitamin D levels and incidence and severity of LRTI. Large randomised controlled trials are needed to evaluate effect of vitamin D supplementation for LRTI.
Topics: Child; Dietary Supplements; Humans; Prevalence; Respiratory Tract Infections; Vitamin D; Vitamin D Deficiency; Vitamins
PubMed: 27178217
DOI: 10.1177/0049475516644141 -
Journal of Health, Population, and... Jun 2021Vitamin D deficiency among pregnant women is a public health concern globally. In India, individual studies report high prevalence. However, lack of national data masks... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Vitamin D deficiency among pregnant women is a public health concern globally. In India, individual studies report high prevalence. However, lack of national data masks the true burden. This work determined the pooled prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among pregnant women in India through a systematic review of literature and meta-analysis.
METHODS
Three different search engines yielded 15 eligible articles. Study quality was assessed by 10 different criteria and summary of study quality was categorized as per Cochrane standards. Meta-analysis was performed to estimate pooled prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among healthy pregnant women and heterogeneity among selected studies. A sample of n = 4088 was used to study the pooled prevalence among pregnant women.
RESULTS
The random effects combined estimate was 32.35% (95% CI, (12.58-117.48). High heterogeneity (tau = 0.39, I = 100%) and high risk of bias was observed among the selected studies. The test for overall effect was observed to be z = 2.54(P = 0.01).
CONCLUSION
Pooled estimate > 30% emphasizes the need for screening through antenatal care services and initiate preventive measures to address the deficiency.
Topics: Female; Humans; India; Pregnancy; Pregnant Women; Prenatal Care; Prevalence; Vitamin D; Vitamin D Deficiency
PubMed: 34187594
DOI: 10.1186/s41043-021-00253-y -
The British Journal of Dermatology Nov 2019Sunscreen use can prevent skin cancer, but there are concerns that it may increase the risk of vitamin D deficiency.
BACKGROUND
Sunscreen use can prevent skin cancer, but there are concerns that it may increase the risk of vitamin D deficiency.
OBJECTIVES
We aimed to review the literature to investigate associations between sunscreen use and vitamin D or 25 hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentration.
METHODS
We systematically reviewed the literature following the Meta-analysis Of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) guidelines. We identified manuscripts published in English between 1970 and 21 November 2017. Eligible studies were experimental [using an artificial ultraviolet radiation (UVR) source], field trials or observational studies. The results of each of the experimental studies and field trials are described in detail. Two authors extracted information from observational studies, and applied quality scoring criteria that were developed specifically for this question. These have been synthesized qualitatively.
RESULTS
We included four experimental studies, three field trials (two were randomized controlled trials) and 69 observational studies. In the experimental studies sunscreen use considerably abrogated the vitamin D or 25(OH)D production induced by exposure to artificially generated UVR. The randomized controlled field trials found no effect of daily sunscreen application, but the sunscreens used had moderate protection [sun protection factor SPF) ~16]. The observational studies mostly found no association or that self-reported sunscreen use was associated with higher 25(OH)D concentration.
CONCLUSIONS
There is little evidence that sunscreen decreases 25(OH)D concentration when used in real-life settings, suggesting that concerns about vitamin D should not negate skin cancer prevention advice. However, there have been no trials of the high-SPF sunscreens that are now widely recommended. What's already known about this topic? Previous experimental studies suggest that sunscreen can block vitamin D production in the skin but use artificially generated ultraviolet radiation with a spectral output unlike that seen in terrestrial sunlight. Nonsystematic reviews of observational studies suggest that use in real life does not cause vitamin D deficiency. What does this study add? This study systematically reviewed all experimental studies, field trials and observational studies for the first time. While the experimental studies support the theoretical risk that sunscreen use may affect vitamin D, the weight of evidence from field trials and observational studies suggests that the risk is low. We highlight the lack of adequate evidence regarding use of the very high sun protection factor sunscreens that are now recommended and widely used.
Topics: Administration, Cutaneous; Humans; Observational Studies as Topic; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Risk Assessment; Self Report; Skin; Skin Neoplasms; Sun Protection Factor; Sunlight; Sunscreening Agents; Ultraviolet Rays; Vitamin D; Vitamin D Deficiency
PubMed: 30945275
DOI: 10.1111/bjd.17980 -
Nutrients Oct 2022Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency as well as low serum calcium levels can trigger negative health outcomes in women of childbearing age. Therefore, we aimed to... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency as well as low serum calcium levels can trigger negative health outcomes in women of childbearing age. Therefore, we aimed to estimate the prevalence of serum vitamin D and calcium deficiencies and insufficiencies and associated risk factors in Brazilian women of childbearing age and to assess whether there are differences in prevalence according to regions of the country and the presence or absence of pregnancy. The systematic literature review was performed using the following databases: PubMed, LILACS, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science. Cross-sectional, cohort, and intervention studies were included. Among pregnant women, the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency ranged from 0% to 27% and of vitamin D insufficiency from 33.9% to 70.4%. Among non-pregnant women, the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency ranged from 0% to 41.7% and of vitamin D insufficiency from 38.5% to 69.3%. We found a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency in women of childbearing age, with insufficiency affecting more than half of these women. The highest prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency was observed in the South region. It was not possible to assess the prevalence and factors associated with calcium deficiency.
Topics: Pregnancy; Female; Humans; Vitamin D; Calcium; Prevalence; Cross-Sectional Studies; Vitamin D Deficiency; Vitamins; Malnutrition; Calcium Metabolism Disorders; Parathyroid Diseases; Risk Factors
PubMed: 36297034
DOI: 10.3390/nu14204351 -
Advances in Nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) May 2017Nutrition is considered to be a possible factor in the pathogenesis of the neurological disease multiple sclerosis (MS). Nutrition intervention studies suggest that diet... (Review)
Review
Nutrition is considered to be a possible factor in the pathogenesis of the neurological disease multiple sclerosis (MS). Nutrition intervention studies suggest that diet may be considered as a complementary treatment to control the progression of the disease; a systematic review of the literature on the influence of diet on MS was therefore conducted. The literature search was conducted by using Medlars Online International Literature (MEDLINE) via PubMed and Scopus. Forty-seven articles met the inclusion criteria. The reviewed articles assessed the relations between macro- and micronutrient intakes and MS incidence. The patients involved used alternative therapies (homeopathy), protocolized diets that included particular foods (herbal products such as grape seed extract, ginseng, blueberries, green tea, etc.), or dietary supplements such as vitamin D, carnitine, melatonin, or coenzyme Q10. Current studies suggest that high serum concentrations of vitamin D, a potent immunomodulator, may decrease the risk of MS and the risk of relapse and new lesions, while improving brain lesions and timed tandem walking. Experimental evidence suggests that serum vitamin D concentration is lower during MS relapses than in remission and is associated with a greater degree of disability [Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score >3]. The findings suggest that circulating vitamin D concentrations can be considered a biomarker of MS and supplemental vitamin D can be used therapeutically. Other studies point to a negative correlation between serum vitamin B-12 concentrations and EDSS score. Vitamin B-12 has fundamental roles in central nervous system function, especially in the methionine synthase-mediated conversion of homocysteine to methionine, which is essential for DNA and RNA synthesis. Therefore, vitamin B-12 deficiency may lead to an increase in the concentration of homocysteine. Further research is clearly necessary to determine whether treatment with vitamin B-12 supplements delays MS progression.
Topics: Diet; Dietary Supplements; Disease Progression; Humans; Multiple Sclerosis; Nutritional Status; Vitamin B 12; Vitamin B 12 Deficiency; Vitamin D; Vitamin D Deficiency; Vitamins
PubMed: 28507011
DOI: 10.3945/an.116.014191 -
Critical Reviews in Food Science and... 2023
Meta-Analysis
Topics: Humans; COVID-19; Vitamin D Deficiency; Vitamin D
PubMed: 34384300
DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1951652 -
Nutrition and Health Dec 2018The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in the Iranian community is very high. Women and older people are at the higher risk of vitamin D deficiency. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in the Iranian community is very high. Women and older people are at the higher risk of vitamin D deficiency.
AIM
This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in Iran by combining the results of various studies.
METHODS
This was a systematic review and meta-analysis. Separate strategies were developed for search in national databases (Irandoc, Magiran, SID) and international databases (Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus) using the keywords of "vitamin D deficiency," "Iran," and "prevalence." The titles and abstracts of the articles were screened and related full texts were appraised. Those articles that met inclusion criteria were selected for meta-analysis. The heterogeneity of the articles was assessed via the Chi-square test. They were combined using the random-effect approach. In addition, the groups were categorized and analyzed in terms of age and gender.
RESULTS
Of 639 articles, 30 articles with a sample size of 26,042 people were included for data analysis. The overall prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was reported as 0.56. Subgroup analysis showed that 0.64 of women and 0.44 of men were suffering from vitamin D deficiency. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in the age groups under 20, 20-50, and over 50 years was 0.56.4, 0.72.4, and 0.59.8, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
The Iranian Ministry of Health is expected to design strategies to improve the status of vitamin D at the national level.
Topics: Humans; Iran; Prevalence; Vitamin D Deficiency
PubMed: 30296903
DOI: 10.1177/0260106018802968