Did you mean: horner s syndrome
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ACS Chemical Neuroscience Feb 2018Horner syndrome results from an interruption of the oculosympathetic pathway. Patients with Horner syndrome present with a slightly droopy upper lid and a smaller pupil... (Review)
Review
Horner syndrome results from an interruption of the oculosympathetic pathway. Patients with Horner syndrome present with a slightly droopy upper lid and a smaller pupil on the affected side; less commonly, there is a deficiency of sweating over the brow or face on the affected side. This condition does not usually cause vision problems or other significant symptoms, but is important as a warning sign that the oculosympathetic pathway has been interrupted, potentially with serious and even life-threatening processes. The oculosympathetic pathway has a long and circuitous course, beginning in the brain and traveling down the spinal cord to exit in the chest, then up the neck and into the orbit. Therefore, this syndrome with unimpressive clinical findings and insignificant symptoms may be a sign of serious pathology in the head, chest, or neck. This clinical review discusses how to identify the signs, confirm the diagnosis, and evaluate the many causes of Horner syndrome.
Topics: Horner Syndrome; Humans
PubMed: 29260849
DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.7b00405 -
Neurological Sciences : Official... Aug 2023A 56-year-old man presented to the clinic with episodic headaches for several years which had been worsening over a few months prior to the presentation. He described...
A 56-year-old man presented to the clinic with episodic headaches for several years which had been worsening over a few months prior to the presentation. He described headache as sharp, stabbing pain around the left eye associated with nausea, vomiting, photophobia, and phonophobia lasting for hours associated with flushing on the left side of the face. The picture of his face during these episodes showed flushing of the left side of the face, ptosis of the right eyelid, and miosis (panel A). Flushing in his face would resolve with the abortion of the headache. At the time of presentation to the clinic, his neurological exam was only significant for mild left eye ptosis and miosis (panels B and C). Extensive workup including MRI brain, cervical spine, thoracic spine, lumbar spine, CTA head and neck, and CT maxillofacial was unremarkable. He had tried several medications in the past including valproic acid, nortriptyline, and verapamil without significant benefit. He was started on erenumab for migraine prophylaxis and was given sumatriptan for abortive therapy following which his headaches improved. The patient was diagnosed with idiopathic left Horner's syndrome and his migraines with autonomic dysfunction would present with unilateral flushing opposite to the site of Horner's presenting as Harlequin syndrome [1, 2].
Topics: Male; Humans; Middle Aged; Autonomic Nervous System Diseases; Horner Syndrome; Miosis; Headache
PubMed: 37199876
DOI: 10.1007/s10072-023-06849-y -
Journal of Neuro-ophthalmology : the... Mar 2013
Topics: History, 19th Century; Horner Syndrome; Humans
PubMed: 23222307
DOI: 10.1097/WNO.0b013e318270ab95 -
Clinical & Experimental Optometry Sep 2007Horner syndrome is an uncommon but important clinical entity, representing interruption of the sympathetic pathway to the eye and face. Horner syndrome is almost always...
Horner syndrome is an uncommon but important clinical entity, representing interruption of the sympathetic pathway to the eye and face. Horner syndrome is almost always diagnosed clinically, though pharmacological testing can be used to confirm the diagnosis. Imaging modalities such as PET, CT and MRI are important components of work-up for patients presenting with acquired Horner syndrome. Our patient's presentation with Horner syndrome unmasked the causative superior sulcus squamous cell carcinoma and a coincidental lower lobe adenocarcinoma. Successful radical treatment of these cancers resulted in complete resolution of the syndrome and disease-free survival at 18 months. We review the anatomy and pathophysiology underlying this and other causes of Horner syndrome.
Topics: Biopsy, Fine-Needle; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Horner Syndrome; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Middle Aged; Positron-Emission Tomography; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 17697179
DOI: 10.1111/j.1444-0938.2007.00177.x -
Langenbeck's Archives of Surgery Dec 2022Horner syndrome (HS) is caused by damage to the cervical sympathetic nerve. HS is a rare complication after thyroidectomy. The main manifestations of HS include miosis... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Horner syndrome (HS) is caused by damage to the cervical sympathetic nerve. HS is a rare complication after thyroidectomy. The main manifestations of HS include miosis and ptosis of the eyelids, which seriously affect esthetics and quality of life. At present, there is a lack of research on HS after thyroidectomy, and its etiology is not completely clear. This review aimed to evaluate how to reduce the incidence of HS and promote the recovery from HS as well as to provide a reference for the protection of cervical sympathetic nerves during surgery.
RESULTS
HS caused by thyroid surgery is not particularly common, but it is still worthy of our attention. After searching with "Horner Syndrome," "Thyroid" as keywords, a total of 22 related cases were screened in PubMed. The results showed that open surgery, endoscopy, microwave ablation, and other surgical methods may have HS after operation. In addition, the statistics of 1213 thyroid surgeries in our hospital showed that the incidence of HS after endoscopic surgery (0.39%) was slightly higher than that after open surgery (0.29%). Further, this review analyzed potential causes of HS after thyroidectomy, so as to provide a theoretical basis for reducing its incidence.
CONCLUSION
Preventing HS during thyroidectomy is a difficult problem. The close and highly variable anatomical relationship between the thyroid and cervical sympathetic nerves increases the risk of sympathetic nerve damage during thyroidectomy. Surgery and the use of energy equipment are also closely related to the occurrence of HS.
Topics: Humans; Horner Syndrome; Quality of Life; Thyroid Gland; Thyroidectomy; Endoscopy
PubMed: 35947219
DOI: 10.1007/s00423-022-02636-z -
Ugeskrift For Laeger Apr 2022
Topics: Carotid Artery, Internal; Carotid Artery, Internal, Dissection; Horner Syndrome; Humans
PubMed: 35410649
DOI: No ID Found -
The Journal of Pediatrics Dec 2022
Topics: Humans; Child, Preschool; Horner Syndrome
PubMed: 35944711
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2022.07.052 -
Archives of Ophthalmology (Chicago,... Aug 2011
Topics: Child; Child, Preschool; Horner Syndrome; Humans; Incidence; Infant; Minnesota; Neuroblastoma; Prevalence; Risk Factors; Sex Distribution
PubMed: 21825206
DOI: 10.1001/archophthalmol.2011.201 -
The Canadian Journal of Neurological... Jan 2021
Topics: Headache; Headache Disorders, Primary; Horner Syndrome; Humans
PubMed: 32660665
DOI: 10.1017/cjn.2020.147 -
Tidsskrift For Den Norske Laegeforening... May 2011Horner's syndrome is characterized by the classic triad of eyelid ptosis, miosis and facial anhidrosis and is caused by an interruption of the oculosympathetic nerve... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Horner's syndrome is characterized by the classic triad of eyelid ptosis, miosis and facial anhidrosis and is caused by an interruption of the oculosympathetic nerve pathway somewhere between its origin in the hypothalamus and the eye.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
This review is based on own experiences and a discretionary selection of articles found through non-systematic searches in PubMed. Cases from own practice serve as examples.
RESULTS
Based on localization of the nerve pathway interruption, a Horner's syndrome is often classified as central, pre- or postganglionic. For the central type the syndrome is associated with other symptoms and signs from the central nervous system. The preganglionic type is most often caused by a tumor or trauma. The postganglionic type is often associated with pain/headache; most frequently it is seen as a consequence of carotid artery dissection or during cluster headache. Anhidrosis is rarely prominent, and in the postganglionic subtype it is virtually absent. Pharmacological tests can be used in diagnostics. Apraclonidine seems to be a good alternative to cocaine to confirm Horner's syndrome. MRI is generally recommended in the evaluation, if necessary with special sequences.
INTERPRETATION
The path of the long oculosympathetic fibers is complex and not fully understood. Topographic diagnostics may be challenging, but in most cases a specific cause is identified.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Adult; Aged; Clonidine; Cocaine; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Headache; Horner Syndrome; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Angiography; Male; Middle Aged; Ophthalmic Solutions; Reflex, Pupillary; Sympathomimetics
PubMed: 21606992
DOI: 10.4045/tidsskr.10.0935