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Radiologic Clinics of North America Nov 2015Acute disorders of the abdominal aorta are potentially lethal conditions that require prompt evaluation and treatment. Computed tomography (CT) is the primary imaging... (Review)
Review
Acute disorders of the abdominal aorta are potentially lethal conditions that require prompt evaluation and treatment. Computed tomography (CT) is the primary imaging method for evaluating these conditions because of its availability and speed. Volumetric CT acquisition with multiplanar reconstruction and three-dimensional analysis is now the standard technique for evaluating the aorta. MR imaging may be useful for select applications in stable patients in whom rupture has been excluded. Imaging is indispensable for diagnosis and treatment planning, because management has shifted toward endoluminal repair. Acute abdominal aortic conditions most commonly are complications of aneurysms and atherosclerosis.
Topics: Aorta, Abdominal; Aortic Diseases; Aortic Rupture; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 26526434
DOI: 10.1016/j.rcl.2015.06.007 -
The New England Journal of Medicine Oct 2021
Review
Topics: Aorta, Abdominal; Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal; Blood Vessel Prosthesis; Computed Tomography Angiography; Endovascular Procedures; Guidelines as Topic; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Ultrasonography, Doppler, Duplex; Vascular Grafting; Watchful Waiting
PubMed: 34706173
DOI: 10.1056/NEJMcp2108504 -
Journal of Neonatal-perinatal Medicine 2022Aortic thrombosis in neonates is a rare phenomenon, and in most cases iatrogenic. An early recognition of the clinical features and an immediate intervention can offer a...
BACKGROUND
Aortic thrombosis in neonates is a rare phenomenon, and in most cases iatrogenic. An early recognition of the clinical features and an immediate intervention can offer a better prognosis, and thus preventing morbidity such as limb amputation, and even mortality.
METHODS
We present two cases of full-term newborns with a thrombosis of the abdominal aorta hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care unit of Mohammed VI University Hospital in Marrakech in 2017 and 2019.
RESULTS
The two patients presented swelling and cyanotic lower limbs. Doppler ultrasound revealed a pathological lower limb blood flow as a result of a thrombosis of the abdominal aorta. Both patients underwent an anticoagulant therapy, the first one benefited from a surgical thrombectomy, he developed a reperfusion syndrome with alveolar hemorrhage, and passed away as a result of a cardiorespiratory arrest. However the second patient got amputated of the right foot, his clinical evolution was favorable with a good healing of the surgical wound without recurrence of any thrombosis.
CONCLUSION
Through those cases clinicians should be aware of the first clinical signs of this condition in order to offer a rapid and successful management.
Topics: Angiography; Aorta, Abdominal; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Lower Extremity; Male; Thrombectomy; Thrombosis; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 33935114
DOI: 10.3233/NPM-200678 -
Seminars in Thoracic and Cardiovascular... 2020
Topics: Animals; Aorta, Abdominal; Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic; Ischemic Preconditioning; Spinal Cord; Swine
PubMed: 32428579
DOI: 10.1053/j.semtcvs.2020.04.008 -
The Surgical Clinics of North America Dec 2001This article discusses injuries to the abdominal aorta at its supra- and infrarenal positions, focusing on the surgical approaches to abdominal aorta injuries and renal... (Review)
Review
This article discusses injuries to the abdominal aorta at its supra- and infrarenal positions, focusing on the surgical approaches to abdominal aorta injuries and renal vascular pedicles. The controversy regarding the use of bioprosthetic materials and the coLlective experience with these injuries as reported in the literature are reviewed. Primary renal artery repair versus nephrectomy also is examined.
Topics: Aorta, Abdominal; Humans
PubMed: 11766182
DOI: 10.1016/s0039-6109(01)80014-1 -
Radiologic Technology Nov 2016Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a significant disease affecting the circulatory system. Risk factors include smoking, hypertension, sex, and a possible hereditary... (Review)
Review
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a significant disease affecting the circulatory system. Risk factors include smoking, hypertension, sex, and a possible hereditary predisposition. AAAs remain asymptomatic for years, and various imaging methods are used in their detection, diagnosis, and treatment. This article reviews the anatomy and physiology of the aorta as well as the signs and symptoms, pathophysiology, epidemiology, and risk factors for the development of AAA. The use of ultrasonography and other imaging modalities for pre- and post-treatment is discussed, as is endovascular aortic repair.
Topics: Aorta, Abdominal; Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal; Humans; Risk Factors; Technology, Radiologic
PubMed: 27837125
DOI: No ID Found -
Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy : SRA Jul 2023Direct connection between the celiac trunk (CT) and inferior mesenteric artery (IMA) is very rare, knowledge of this anomaly is of great importance to surgeons and... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
Direct connection between the celiac trunk (CT) and inferior mesenteric artery (IMA) is very rare, knowledge of this anomaly is of great importance to surgeons and anatomists.
INTRODUCTION
Splanchnic arteries arise from the abdominal aorta (AA). Unusual development of these arteries can lead to considerable variations. Historically there were a lot of classification of the variation in the CT and IMA, none of the classifications describes a direct connection from IMA to CT.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We report a rare case in which the connection between the CT and AA was lost and replaced by a direct anastomosis with IMA.
RESULTS
60 year old male presented to the hospital to undergo a computed tomography scan. Which showed that there was no CT arising from the AA, but there was a large anastomosis arises from the IMA and ended with a short axis and Left gastric artery (LGA), Splenic artery (SA), Common hepatic artery (CHA) arise from this axis, these arteries continued to the stomach and spleen and liver normally. The anastomosis provides the total supply to the CT. The CT branches are normal.
CONCLUSION
Knowledge of the arterial anomalies provides an important help in clinical surgical implications especially in organs transplant.
Topics: Male; Humans; Middle Aged; Aorta, Abdominal; Mesenteric Artery, Inferior; Celiac Artery; Hepatic Artery; Anastomosis, Surgical
PubMed: 37212870
DOI: 10.1007/s00276-023-03169-w -
Journal of Vascular Surgery Aug 2022Abdominal aortic coarctation and hypoplasia are uncommon diseases, recognized most often in pediatric-aged individuals. Comprehensive studies regarding the pathologic... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVES
Abdominal aortic coarctation and hypoplasia are uncommon diseases, recognized most often in pediatric-aged individuals. Comprehensive studies regarding the pathologic spectrum of these aortopathies are nonexistent. This investigation was undertaken to better define the histologic and morphologic character of abdominal aortic narrowings affecting children and assess its potential relevance to contemporary clinical practice.
METHODS
Aortic specimens obtained during open operations in children being treated for symptomatic, noninflammatory abdominal aortic narrowings at the University of Michigan were subjected to histologic study after hematoxylin and eosin, Movat, Verhoeff Van Gieson, and Masson's trichrome preparations. Microscopic findings were correlated with the anatomic aortic images. In addition, a detailed review was completed of all prior reports in the English literature that included images depicting the histologic character of noninflammatory abdominal aortic narrowings in children.
RESULTS
Among a series of 67 pediatric-aged individuals undergoing open surgical interventions for abdominal aortic narrowings, eight children ranging in age from 9 months to 18 years, had adequate aortic tissue available for study. The loci of the specimens paralleled the anatomic sites of segmental coarctations observed in the entire series, with involvement of the suprarenal abdominal aorta (n = 3), intrarenal aorta (n = 2), and infrarenal aorta (n = 1). Diffusely hypoplastic abdominal aortas (n = 2) included one case of a de facto aortic duplication, represented by a channel that paralleled the narrow native aorta and gave origin to celiac artery branches, as well as the superior mesenteric and renal arteries. Concentric or eccentric intimal fibroplasia was observed in every aorta, often with internal elastic fragmentation and duplication (n = 4). Media abnormalities included elastic tissue disorganization (n = 3) and focal medial fibrosis (n = 1). Organizing luminal thrombus occurred in two infants. Coexistent ostial stenoses of the celiac, superior mesenteric, or renal arteries were observed in all but the only child who had an infrarenal aortic coarctation. Neurofibromatosis type 1 affected one child whose histologic findings were indistinguishable from those of the other children. A review of prior published histologic images of abdominal aortic coarctation and hypoplasia affecting children from other centers revealed a total of 14 separate reports, each limited to single case photomicrographs, of which 11 exhibited intimal fibroplasia.
CONCLUSIONS
Intimal fibroplasia is a common accompaniment of developmental abdominal aortic coarctation and hypoplasia. It is posited that intimal fibroplasia, which is likely progressive in instances of abnormal shear stresses in these diminutive vessels, may contribute to less salutary outcomes after endovascular and certain open reconstructions of pediatric abdominal aortic narrowings.
Topics: Adolescent; Aorta, Abdominal; Aortic Coarctation; Child; Child, Preschool; Humans; Infant; Plastic Surgery Procedures
PubMed: 35149163
DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2022.01.121 -
The Journal of Trauma Jun 1987This review of blunt trauma to the abdominal aorta is based on one case summary and 32 cases from the literature. Motor vehicle accidents caused about half of the... (Review)
Review
This review of blunt trauma to the abdominal aorta is based on one case summary and 32 cases from the literature. Motor vehicle accidents caused about half of the reported cases. In 69% of the cases the diagnosis was made in the immediate or early period. Associated injuries were present in 71% of the cases. Most injuries occurred at the inferior mesenteric artery (33%) or the renal arteries (24%). Overall mortality was 27%. Lower extremity ischemia evident on physical examination may suggest the diagnosis. When blunt abdominal aortic injury is suspected without distal ischemia, aortography may be used to define or exclude the injury and further therapy. Only minimal intimal disruptions should be managed nonoperatively.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aorta, Abdominal; Aortography; Child; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Wounds, Nonpenetrating
PubMed: 3298665
DOI: 10.1097/00005373-198706000-00015 -
Wiadomosci Lekarskie (Warsaw, Poland :... 2022The aim: To investigate atherosclerosis of the abdominal part of the aorta and atherosclerosis of the lumbar arteries, aimed at improving surgical tactics during...
OBJECTIVE
The aim: To investigate atherosclerosis of the abdominal part of the aorta and atherosclerosis of the lumbar arteries, aimed at improving surgical tactics during reconstructive interventions on the abdominal part of the aorta in patients with multifocal atherosclerosis.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
Materials and methods: 20 autopsies were performed. The macro preparation consisted of the part of the abdominal aorta 1х1 sm taken along with a separated lumbar artery for 1-1,5 sm. Histological cuts were coloured with hematoxylin and eosin. The histochemical research was conducted in order to establish changes in all layers of blood vessels. The immunohistochemical research was carried out along with generally accepted histological methods in 10 cases to determine the morphological vessel wall functional state, connective tissue and smooth muscle components.
RESULTS
Results: In all cases there were morphological signs of aortic atherosclerosis with different degrees of damage to the lumen. In none of the analyzed cases did we establish pathomorphological signs of atherosclerosis of the lumbar artery distal to the mouth. In the walls of the lumbar arteries, we noted the preservation of the layered structure, the integrity of the endothelial cells, the normal arrangement of smooth muscle cells.
CONCLUSION
Conclusions: It was established that there cannot be the atherosclerotic occlusion of the lumbar artery, since there are no signs of atheromatous lesions in its walls, the structure of all layers is preserved, the endothelial damage is absent, the location and structure of the lining cells is normal.
Topics: Humans; Aorta, Abdominal; Endothelial Cells; Atherosclerosis; Spinal Cord Ischemia; Abdomen
PubMed: 36591750
DOI: 10.36740/WLek202211119