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Gastroenterology Oct 2006The relationship between the sensation of bloating, often ranked as the most bothersome symptom by patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and actual distention...
BACKGROUND & AIMS
The relationship between the sensation of bloating, often ranked as the most bothersome symptom by patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and actual distention manifest as an increase in abdominal girth is controversial. Investigation of this problem has been hampered by the lack of a reliable ambulatory technique to measure abdominal girth. The aim of this study was to use the technique of abdominal inductance plethysmography to compare diurnal variation in girth in IBS patients and healthy volunteers, relating these changes to the sensation of bloating.
METHODS
Abdominal girth was recorded for 24 hours in 20 IBS-constipation (age, 18-73 y), 20 IBS-diarrhea (age, 25-62 y) and 10 IBS-alternating (age, 21-59 y) female patients meeting Rome II criteria and 20 healthy female controls (age, 18-67 y). All subjects pursued normal daily activities, recording their symptoms of bloating and pain together with bowel habit.
RESULTS
All patients with IBS, irrespective of bowel habit, reported significantly greater bloating than controls (P < .0001). Forty-eight percent of patients also showed distention beyond the 90% control range, with this being most prominent in IBS-constipation. Bloating correlated strongly only with distention in IBS-constipation (r > or = 0.48; P < or = .02). Neither bloating nor distention in IBS was related to body mass index, age, parity, or psychologic status.
CONCLUSIONS
Abdominal distention is a clearly definable phenomenon in IBS that can reach 12 cm. However, it only occurs in half of patients reporting bloating, and the 2 only correlate in IBS-constipation. Bloating and distention may differ pathophysiologically and this appears to be reflected in the bowel habit subtype.
Topics: Abdomen; Abdominal Pain; Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Anxiety; Body Mass Index; Circadian Rhythm; Constipation; Defecation; Dilatation, Pathologic; Female; Flatulence; Habits; Humans; Irritable Bowel Syndrome; Middle Aged; Parity; Pregnancy
PubMed: 17030170
DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2006.07.015 -
BMJ Case Reports Feb 2013A term male neonate presented to his paediatrician for a routine follow-up after hospital discharge. Prenatal care had been excellent and labour and delivery had been...
A term male neonate presented to his paediatrician for a routine follow-up after hospital discharge. Prenatal care had been excellent and labour and delivery had been unremarkable. He had been feeding, gaining weight and was not in distress though significant abdominal distention was noted. Lab tests revealed electrolytes derangements, metabolic acidosis and renal failure. An ultrasound revealed severe unilateral hydronephrosis and echogenic kidneys. A voiding cystourethrogram revealed the definitive diagnosis which was posterior urethral valves.
Topics: Abdomen; Diagnosis, Differential; Dilatation, Pathologic; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Male; Renal Insufficiency; Ultrasonography; Urethra; Urethral Obstruction
PubMed: 23429016
DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2012-007955 -
Gazette Medicale de France Apr 1956
Topics: Abdomen; Dilatation, Pathologic; Disease; Gastrointestinal Diseases; Humans
PubMed: 13318324
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of the American College of... Nov 2018
Topics: Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal; Dilatation; Dilatation, Pathologic; Humans; Nanoparticles
PubMed: 30466518
DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2018.08.2187 -
Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi =... Dec 2013Abdominal distention is a common disorder in newborns, which can be life-threatening in severe cases. Currently, little literature is available regarding early...
OBJECTIVE
Abdominal distention is a common disorder in newborns, which can be life-threatening in severe cases. Currently, little literature is available regarding early identification of the etiology of this disorder in newborn babies, which is imperative to reducing the likelihood of serious consequences. This retrospective study was conducted to analyze the clinical characteristics of early newborns with abdominal distention, aiming at identifying the underlying etiologic factors.
METHODS
Medical records of 201 (65 premature and 136 full-term) early newborns with abdominal distention between January 2011 and December 2012 were retrieved.
RESULTS
Congenital malformations (including congenital megacolon, anal atresia, malrotation, intestinal atresia, intestinal duplication and posterior urethral valves) occurred in 44.6% of the premature newborns with abdominal distention and 61.8% of the full-term newborns with the disorder. Congenital megacolon was the number one cause of abdominal distention in the full-term group (33.8%) and the number two cause in the preterm group (13.8%). As far as other individual abnormalities were concerned, sepsis was the number one cause of abdominal distention in the preterm group (35.4%) and the number two cause in the full-term group (21.3%). Vomiting was a main symptom associated with abdominal distension, occurring in 64.0% of the full-term newborns and 44.6% of the preterm newborns. The most pronounced X-ray manifestation was bowel distention with an air-fluid level in the preterm group (47.7%) but was bowel distention without a fluid level in the full-term group (57.3%). Eliological and symptomatic treatment was effective in 86.2% of the premature cases and 88.2% in the full-term cases (P>0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
Congenital malformations may be the major cause of abdominal distension in early newborns. Sepsis and congenital megacolon are the single disease most frequently associated with abdominal distention in preterm and full-term newborns respectively. Vomiting is a main accompanying symptom in early newborns with abdominal distention. X-ray manifestations seem to be more severe in preterm newborns than in full term newborns. A satisfactory outcome can be achieved after treatment in both preterm and full-term newborns with this disorder.
Topics: Abdomen; Dilatation, Pathologic; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Male; Radiography, Abdominal
PubMed: 24342199
DOI: No ID Found -
The American Journal of Gastroenterology Aug 2017Bloating, as a symptom and abdominal distension, as a sign, are both common functional-type complaints and challenging to manage effectively. Individual patients may... (Review)
Review
Bloating, as a symptom and abdominal distension, as a sign, are both common functional-type complaints and challenging to manage effectively. Individual patients may weight differently the impact of bloating and distension on their well-being. Complaints may range from chronic highly distressing pain to simply annoying and unfashionable protrusion of the abdomen. To avoid mishaps, organic bloating, and distension should always be considered first and appropriated assessed. Functional bloating and distension often present in association with other manifestations of irritable bowel syndrome or functional dyspepsia and in that context patients tend to regard them as most troublesome. A mechanism-based management bloating and distension should be ideal but elucidating key operational mechanisms in individual patients is not always feasible. Some clues may be gathered through a detailed dietary history, by assessing bowel movement frequency and stool consistency and special imaging technique to measure abdominal shape during episodes of distension. In severe, protracted cases it may be appropriate to refer the patient to a specialized center where motility, visceral sensitivity, and abdominal muscle activity in response to intraluminal stimuli may be measured. Therapeutic resources focussed upon presumed or demonstrated pathogenetic mechanism include dietary modification, microbiome modulation, promoting gas evacuation, attenuating visceral perception, and controlling abdominal wall muscle activity via biofeedback.
Topics: Abdominal Wall; Constipation; Dilatation, Pathologic; Dyspepsia; Flatulence; Gastrointestinal Diseases; Humans; Irritable Bowel Syndrome
PubMed: 28508867
DOI: 10.1038/ajg.2017.129 -
Digestive Diseases and Sciences Jan 2012Most patients with irritable bowel syndrome complain of a sensation of an increase in pressure within their abdomen during the course of the day which is called bloating... (Review)
Review
Most patients with irritable bowel syndrome complain of a sensation of an increase in pressure within their abdomen during the course of the day which is called bloating and, in approximately half of these individuals, this symptom is accompanied by an actual increase in abdominal girth, which is referred to as distension. The pathophysiology of these two phenomena is somewhat different and it is now recognised that a whole variety of overlapping mechanisms are involved. Some of these are potentially amenable to treatment by modification of the bacterial flora of the gut and this article reviews the evidence for this.
Topics: Abdomen; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Dilatation, Pathologic; Gastrointestinal Diseases; Gastrointestinal Tract; Humans; Irritable Bowel Syndrome; Metagenome; Probiotics
PubMed: 21800157
DOI: 10.1007/s10620-011-1834-4 -
Indian Pediatrics Nov 2002
Topics: Abdominal Injuries; Dilatation, Pathologic; Female; Humans; Infant; Kidney; Ureteral Obstruction; Urine; Urologic Diseases; Wounds, Nonpenetrating
PubMed: 12466577
DOI: No ID Found -
Prevalence and risk factors for abdominal bloating and visible distention: a population-based study.Gut Jun 2008Abdominal bloating and visible distention are common yet poorly understood symptoms. Epidemiological data distinguishing visible distention from bloating are not...
BACKGROUND
Abdominal bloating and visible distention are common yet poorly understood symptoms. Epidemiological data distinguishing visible distention from bloating are not available. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence and potential risk factors for abdominal bloating and visible distention separately in a representative US population, and their association with other functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs).
METHODS
The validated Talley Bowel Disease Questionnaire was mailed to a cohort selected at random from the population of Olmsted County, Minnesota. The complete medical records of responders were abstracted; 2259 subjects (53% females; mean age 62 years) provided bloating and distention data.
RESULTS
The age and sex-adjusted (US White 2000) overall prevalence per 100 for bloating was 19.0 [95% confidence interval (CI), 16.9 to 21.2] vs 8.9 (95% CI, 7.2 to 10.6) for visible distention. Significantly increased odds for bloating alone and separately for distention (vs neither) were detected in females, and in those with higher overall Somatic Symptom Checklist (SSC) scores and higher scores of each individual SSC item. Further, females [odds ratio (OR), 1.5; 95% CI, 1.0 to 2.1], higher SSC score (OR, 1.4; 95% CI, 1.1 to 1.8), constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (OR, 2.3; 95% CI, 1.3 to 4.1), dyspepsia (OR, 1.9; 95% CI, 1.1 to 3.2), and gastro-intestinal symptom complex overlap (OR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.1 to 2.7) significantly increased odds for distention over bloating alone.
CONCLUSIONS
Bloating and distention are common and have similar risk factors; somatisation probably plays a role.
Topics: Abdomen; Aged; Colonic Diseases, Functional; Dilatation, Pathologic; Epidemiologic Methods; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Minnesota; Psychometrics; Sensation; Sex Factors; Somatosensory Disorders
PubMed: 18477677
DOI: 10.1136/gut.2007.142810 -
Journal of the Royal Naval Medical... 1952
Topics: Abdomen; Dilatation, Pathologic; Humans
PubMed: 14946824
DOI: No ID Found