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Clinical Journal of Gastroenterology Apr 2021Intestinal hypoganglionosis is a rare condition in adults. We report a case of intestinal hypoganglionosis in the mid-distal transverse colon to splenic flexure in a... (Review)
Review
Intestinal hypoganglionosis is a rare condition in adults. We report a case of intestinal hypoganglionosis in the mid-distal transverse colon to splenic flexure in a 65-year-old female patient presenting with altered bowel habit and abdominal distension, and reviewed the current literature on this topic. Our patient had a medical history of neurofibromatosis type 1. A preoperative computed tomography (CT) scan demonstrated a grossly dilated transverse colon without obstruction. A laparotomy for subtotal colectomy was performed, with histopathology demonstrating intestinal hypoganglionosis.
Topics: Aged; Colectomy; Dilatation, Pathologic; Female; Humans; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 33502729
DOI: 10.1007/s12328-021-01342-5 -
Pediatric Radiology Dec 2005Nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) has been used since 1975 as the initial treatment for respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in very premature infants....
BACKGROUND
Nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) has been used since 1975 as the initial treatment for respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in very premature infants. Gaseous distention of the abdomen (CPAP belly) is a common secondary effect of CPAP. Gaseous distention of the hypopharynx is also common.
OBJECTIVE
To determine the incidence of hypopharyngeal distention in infants on CPAP.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We performed a retrospective review of the chest radiographs of 57 premature infants treated with CPAP during a 4-week period to find the presence and degree of hypopharyngeal distention.
RESULTS
Of the 57 radiographs, 14 (25%) revealed gaseous distention of the hypopharynx and/or cervical esophagus. On occasion, this raised concern for pharyngeal perforation or esophageal atresia.
CONCLUSION
Awareness that CPAP-related hypopharyngeal distention is common should help radiologists avoid erroneous consideration of esophageal atresia or hypopharyngeal perforation.
Topics: Continuous Positive Airway Pressure; Diagnosis, Differential; Dilatation, Pathologic; Esophageal Atresia; Esophagus; Humans; Hypopharynx; Incidence; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature; Infant, Very Low Birth Weight; Intensive Care Units, Neonatal; Pharyngeal Diseases; Radiography; Retrospective Studies; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 16096824
DOI: 10.1007/s00247-005-1576-6 -
Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology 2015With the widespread use of abdominal imaging, an incidentally found dilated common bile duct (CBD) is a common radiographic finding. The significance of a dilated CBD as... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
With the widespread use of abdominal imaging, an incidentally found dilated common bile duct (CBD) is a common radiographic finding. The significance of a dilated CBD as a predictor of underlying disease and long-term outcome have not been well elucidated.
GOALS
A systematic review of studies on patients with dilated CBD was performed to identify etiologies and clinical factors that may predict which patients require further diagnostic testing and long-term outcomes. A PubMed search for relevant articles published between 2001 and 2014 was performed.
RESULTS
The search yielded a total of 882 articles, and after careful individual review for eligibility and relevancy, 9 peer-reviewed studies were included. A cause of the CBD dilation was found on average in 33% of cases and the most common causes were: CBD stone, chronic pancreatitis, and periampullary diverticulum. The overall CBD diameter was not associated with finding a causative lesion. Coexisting CBD and intrahepatic bile duct dilation, age, and jaundice were found to be indicators of pathologic lesions. Dilation of both the CBD and pancreatic duct was suggestive of pancreatic disease, especially pancreatic malignancy in the setting of obstructive jaundice. Follow-up was reported in 6 studies ranging from 6 to 85 months, and generally there was no change in the diagnosis.
CONCLUSIONS
Incidentally found biliary tract dilatation can be a manifestation of significant biliary tract disease including malignancy. Long-term outcome is not well defined and further prospective studies examining the most cost-effective approach to evaluation are needed.
Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic; Biliary Tract Diseases; Common Bile Duct; Dilatation, Pathologic; Diverticulum; Female; Gallstones; Humans; Incidental Findings; Jaundice, Obstructive; Male; Middle Aged; Pancreatic Diseases; Pancreatic Ducts; Radiography
PubMed: 26302495
DOI: 10.1097/MCG.0000000000000394 -
Human Pathology Aug 1992Oral contraceptive-associated sinusoidal ectasia is a rare lesion of unknown pathogenesis. We describe the case of a 31-year-old woman who had used oral contraceptives...
Oral contraceptive-associated sinusoidal ectasia is a rare lesion of unknown pathogenesis. We describe the case of a 31-year-old woman who had used oral contraceptives for 10 years and was found to have abnormal liver function tests on "routine" examination. A single 9 x 5 x 4 cm hypervascular lesion was demonstrated radiographically. The hepatic immuno-diacetic acid and liver-spleen scans were normal. One subcapsular lesion was identified in the resected right hepatic lobe; it was characterized by focal marked dilatation of the sinusoidal spaces associated with rare hepatocyte necrosis and early intrasinusoidal fibrosis. The subcapsular location and the vascular nature of this wedge-shaped lesion suggest it may represent the telangiectatic precursor of a centrally scarred focal nodular hyperplasia.
Topics: Adult; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Contraceptives, Oral; Dilatation, Pathologic; Female; Humans; Hyperplasia; Liver; Liver Diseases; Radiography
PubMed: 1644440
DOI: 10.1016/0046-8177(92)90411-u -
The New England Journal of Medicine Jan 2012
Topics: Abdomen; Colon, Sigmoid; Diagnosis, Differential; Diarrhea, Infantile; Dilatation, Pathologic; Enterocolitis; Hirschsprung Disease; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Intestines; Male; Rectum; Respiratory Insufficiency; Sepsis; Ultrasonography; Vomiting
PubMed: 22276826
DOI: 10.1056/NEJMcpc1103562 -
The New England Journal of Medicine Apr 2013
Topics: Abdomen; Arthralgia; Bone Marrow; Bone and Bones; Child; Diagnosis, Differential; Dilatation, Pathologic; Fatal Outcome; Female; Hematologic Tests; Humans; Leukemia, B-Cell; Lymphatic Diseases; Pain; Positron-Emission Tomography; Radiography, Abdominal; Recurrence
PubMed: 23614590
DOI: 10.1056/NEJMcpc1208151 -
Giornale Italiano Di Cardiologia (2006) Jan 2007
Topics: Aged; Aorta, Abdominal; Aorta, Thoracic; Aortic Diseases; Dilatation, Pathologic; Echocardiography; Electrocardiography; Female; Humans; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 17354632
DOI: No ID Found -
Revista Paulista de Pediatria : Orgao... 2015To describe an adolescent with pathologic aerophagia, a rare condition caused by excessive and inappropriate swallowing of air and to review its treatment and...
OBJECTIVE:
To describe an adolescent with pathologic aerophagia, a rare condition caused by excessive and inappropriate swallowing of air and to review its treatment and differential diagnoses.
CASE DESCRIPTION:
An 11-year-old mentally impaired blind girl presenting serious behavior problems and severe developmental delay with abdominal distension from the last 8 months. Her past history included a Nissen fundoplication. Abdominal CT and abdominal radiographs showed diffuse gas distension of the small bowel and colon. Hirschsprung's disease was excluded. The distention was minimal at the moment the child awoke and maximal at evening, and persisted after control of constipation. Audible repetitive and frequent movements of air swallowing were observed. The diagnosis of pathologic aerophagia associated to obsessive-compulsive disorder and developmental delay was made, but pharmacological treatment was unsuccessful. The patient was submitted to an endoscopic gastrostomy, permanently opened and elevated relative to the stomach. The distention was resolved, while maintaining oral nutrition.
COMMENTS:
Pathologic aerophagia is a rare self-limiting condition in normal children exposed to high levels of stress and may be a persisting problem in children with psychiatric or neurologic disease. In this last group, the disease may cause serious complications. Pharmacological and behavioral treatments are ill-defined. Severe cases may demand surgical strategies, mainly decompressive gastrostomy.
Topics: Abdomen; Aerophagy; Child; Chronic Disease; Dilatation, Pathologic; Female; Humans
PubMed: 26100594
DOI: 10.1016/j.rpped.2015.01.003 -
Annales Universitatis Mariae... 2004The frequency of the abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) increases in older population, especially in men older than 50 years. In most cases the AAAs are revealed... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
The frequency of the abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) increases in older population, especially in men older than 50 years. In most cases the AAAs are revealed occasionally in routine ultrasound examination or in CT performed due to other reasons. The aim of the study was the assessment of the diagnostic value and limitations of ultrasound examination in the evaluation of the abdominal aortic aneurysms. The ultrasound examination is a quick, cheap diagnostic modality in revealing the abdominal aortic aneurysm. It may be useful in mass screening, and control of patients with small aneurysm. But ultrasonographic assessment is not accurate enough in the evaluation of all critical features of the aneurysm and preoperative evaluation. In emergency and obese patients the ultrasound examination may fail in visualizing the abdominal aorta. In long aneurysm in ultrasonography the assessment of the involvement of the thoracic aorta is impossible.
Topics: Aorta, Abdominal; Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal; Diagnosis, Differential; Dilatation, Pathologic; Emergencies; Humans; Iliac Artery; Sensitivity and Specificity; Thrombosis; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Ultrasonography
PubMed: 16145953
DOI: No ID Found -
Revista Brasileira de Medicina Jan 1951
Topics: Abdomen; Abdominal Cavity; Dilatation, Pathologic; Humans
PubMed: 14834512
DOI: No ID Found