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Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery Jul 2023With the widespread use of low-dose computed tomography for lung cancer screening, the detection rate of pulmonary lesions manifesting as ground-glass opacities (GGOs)...
BACKGROUND
With the widespread use of low-dose computed tomography for lung cancer screening, the detection rate of pulmonary lesions manifesting as ground-glass opacities (GGOs) has been increasing dramatically. The volume doubling time (VDT) has been introduced in clinical practice to monitor the potential growth rate of GGOs during long-term follow-up periods.
CASE PRESENTATION
A 72-year-old never-smoker female diagnosed with mixed GGO manifested abruptly accelerated growth with sudden decreased VDT from 400 to 36 days. A thoracoscopic left lower lobectomy with mediastinal lymph node dissection was performed, and the diagnosis was stage IB large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC). Next-generation sequencing of the tumor highlights an EML4-ALK gene fusion.
CONCLUSIONS
The LCNEC may present as GGO with longer VDT in the early stage. VDT should calculate by the whole size either on the entire tumor diameter or on consolidation diameter. It is recommended that meticulous long-term follow-up with dynamic VDT monitoring may help select high-risk GGOs performing timely semi-elective surgical resection in clinical practice.
Topics: Female; Humans; Aged; Early Detection of Cancer; Lung Neoplasms; Lung; Acceleration; Carcinoma
PubMed: 37488608
DOI: 10.1186/s13019-023-02290-6 -
Biology of the Neonate 1992In this study, fetal growth velocities of the body weight, crown-heel length, crown-rump length and head circumference were established from 478 normal fetuses and...
In this study, fetal growth velocities of the body weight, crown-heel length, crown-rump length and head circumference were established from 478 normal fetuses and neonates, aged 8-41 gestational weeks. The growth rates were computed by time intervals, and the velocity curves were plotted with their 95% confidence intervals. The body weight displayed an accelerating pattern of growth until 34-35 weeks and a breakdown of the growth rate afterwards, as we already observed for the brain weight in another study published in Biology of the Neonate. Decreasing patterns of growth velocity throughout pregnancy were observed for the crown-heel and the crown-rump lengths, with a marked fall at 35 weeks. The growth velocity curve of the head circumference is also decreasing, but in a more irregular way. A curious revival of growth velocity was observed in most parameters at about 38 weeks. These changes in the growth rhythm were similar to those found previously with ultrasound data.
Topics: Body Height; Body Weight; Brain; Cephalometry; Embryonic and Fetal Development; Gestational Age; Humans; Infant, Newborn
PubMed: 1467370
DOI: 10.1159/000243888 -
The p97/VCP ATPase is critical in muscle atrophy and the accelerated degradation of muscle proteins.The EMBO Journal Aug 2012The p97/VCP ATPase complex facilitates the extraction and degradation of ubiquitinated proteins from larger structures. We therefore studied if p97 participates to the...
The p97/VCP ATPase complex facilitates the extraction and degradation of ubiquitinated proteins from larger structures. We therefore studied if p97 participates to the rapid degradation of myofibrillar proteins during muscle atrophy. Electroporation of a dominant negative p97 (DNp97), but not the WT, into mouse muscle reduced fibre atrophy caused by denervation and food deprivation. DNp97 (acting as a substrate-trap) became associated with specific myofibrillar proteins and its cofactors, Ufd1 and p47, and caused accumulation of ubiquitinated components of thin and thick filaments, which suggests a role for p97 in extracting ubiquitinated proteins from myofibrils. DNp97 expression in myotubes reduced overall proteolysis by proteasomes and lysosomes and blocked the accelerated proteolysis induced by FoxO3, which is essential for atrophy. Expression of p97, Ufd1 and p47 increases following denervation, at times when myofibrils are rapidly degraded. Surprisingly, p97 inhibition, though toxic to most cells, caused rapid growth of myotubes (without enhancing protein synthesis) and hypertrophy of adult muscles. Thus, p97 restrains post-natal muscle growth, and during atrophy, is essential for the accelerated degradation of most muscle proteins.
Topics: Acceleration; Adenosine Triphosphatases; Animals; Cell Cycle Proteins; Cells, Cultured; Fasting; Male; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Muscle Denervation; Muscle Fibers, Skeletal; Muscle Proteins; Muscle, Skeletal; Muscular Atrophy; Mutant Proteins; Proteolysis; Valosin Containing Protein
PubMed: 22773186
DOI: 10.1038/emboj.2012.178 -
Radiology Jan 1969
Topics: Age Determination by Skeleton; Arm; Body Height; Body Weight; Child; Child Behavior Disorders; Child Care; Child Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Child, Preschool; Developmental Disabilities; Diet Therapy; Dwarfism; Female; Food Deprivation; Growth; Hand; Humans; Hypopituitarism; Knee; Love; Male; Nutrition Disorders; Parent-Child Relations; Skull
PubMed: 4178817
DOI: 10.1148/92.1.53 -
Astrobiology Sep 2018Including plants in bioregenerative life-support systems enables simultaneous food production and water and air recycling, while closing cycles for water, oxygen,...
Including plants in bioregenerative life-support systems enables simultaneous food production and water and air recycling, while closing cycles for water, oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon. To understand and predict higher plant behavior for a wide range of environmental conditions, including reduced gravity levels, a mechanistic physical model is being developed. The emphasis is set on the influence of gravity levels and forced convection on higher plant leaf gas exchanges, which are altered by reduction of free convection in lower gravity environments, such as microgravity or martian and lunar gravities. This study highlights the significance of understanding leaf boundary layer limitations and ultimately will lead to complete mechanistic modeling of mass and energy balances on plant growth in reduced gravity environments.
Topics: Acceleration; Biomass; Carbon Dioxide; Computer Simulation; Convection; Extraterrestrial Environment; Hypogravity; Models, Theoretical; Oxygen; Plant Development; Plant Transpiration
PubMed: 30067083
DOI: 10.1089/ast.2017.1804 -
Theoretical Biology Forum Jul 2023Based on the Recognition Concept of species, the specific-mate contact model posits that mating systems develop as combinations of two fundamental courtship strategies...
Based on the Recognition Concept of species, the specific-mate contact model posits that mating systems develop as combinations of two fundamental courtship strategies that we interpret here in terms of behavioural heterochrony: territorial mate-attraction evolved as an effect of peramorphosis whereas group-living mate-seeking evolved as an effect of paedomorphosis. We tested this hypothesis on primates in a phylogenetic and paleo-climatic context. Our results suggest that primate promiscuity (both males and females are mate-seekers) evolved with group-living from ancestral pair-living monogamy (both males and females are mate-attractors) in the Palaeogene, as the result of a slowdown in growth (neoteny) caused by increased environmental predictability. A secondary return to territorial monogamy probably evolved as the result of accelerated growth driven by seasonality (acceleration). Polygamy evolved in the Neogene during periods of forest fragmentation and environmental unpredictability. Small monogamous ancestors evolved seasonal polyandry (female attraction) as an effect of truncated development (progenesis). Large promiscuous, neotenic ancestors evolved non-seasonal polygyny (male attraction) as an effect of prolonged development (hypermorphosis) in males. We conclude that social heterochrony offers alternative explanations for the coevolution of life history and mating be-haviour; and we discuss the implications of our model for human social evolution.
Topics: Humans; Animals; Female; Male; Phylogeny; Reproduction; Acceleration; Cell Communication; Primates
PubMed: 37638478
DOI: 10.19272/202311402002 -
Proceedings of the National Academy of... May 2011It is well known that prokaryotic life can withstand extremes of temperature, pH, pressure, and radiation. Little is known about the proliferation of prokaryotic life...
It is well known that prokaryotic life can withstand extremes of temperature, pH, pressure, and radiation. Little is known about the proliferation of prokaryotic life under conditions of hyperacceleration attributable to extreme gravity, however. We found that living organisms can be surprisingly proliferative during hyperacceleration. In tests reported here, a variety of microorganisms, including Gram-negative Escherichia coli, Paracoccus denitrificans, and Shewanella amazonensis; Gram-positive Lactobacillus delbrueckii; and eukaryotic Saccharomyces cerevisiae, were cultured while being subjected to hyperaccelerative conditions. We observed and quantified robust cellular growth in these cultures across a wide range of hyperacceleration values. Most notably, the organisms P. denitrificans and E. coli were able to proliferate even at 403,627 × g. Analysis shows that the small size of prokaryotic cells is essential for their proliferation under conditions of hyperacceleration. Our results indicate that microorganisms cannot only survive during hyperacceleration but can display such robust proliferative behavior that the habitability of extraterrestrial environments must not be limited by gravity.
Topics: Acceleration; Bacteria; Escherichia coli; Exobiology; Extraterrestrial Environment; Fungi; Gram-Negative Bacteria; Gram-Positive Bacteria; Hydrostatic Pressure; Hypergravity; Paracoccus denitrificans; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Stress, Mechanical
PubMed: 21518884
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1018027108 -
Endocrinology Aug 2014With age, growth plate cartilage undergoes programmed senescence, eventually causing cessation of bone elongation and epiphyseal fusion. Estrogen accelerates this...
Evidence that estrogen hastens epiphyseal fusion and cessation of longitudinal bone growth by irreversibly depleting the number of resting zone progenitor cells in female rabbits.
With age, growth plate cartilage undergoes programmed senescence, eventually causing cessation of bone elongation and epiphyseal fusion. Estrogen accelerates this developmental process. We hypothesized that senescence occurs because progenitor cells in the resting zone are depleted in number and that estrogen acts by accelerating this depletion. To test this hypothesis, juvenile ovariectomized rabbits received injections of estradiol cypionate or vehicle for 5 weeks, and then were left untreated for an additional 5 weeks. Exposure to estrogen accelerated the normal decline in growth plate height and in the number of proliferative and hypertrophic chondrocytes. Five weeks after discontinuation of estrogen treatment, these structural parameters remained advanced, indicating an irreversible advancement in structural senescence. Similarly, transient estrogen exposure hastened epiphyseal fusion. Estrogen also caused a more rapid decline in functional parameters of growth plate senescence, including growth rate, proliferation rate, and hypertrophic cell size. However, in contrast to the structural parameters, once the estrogen treatment was discontinued, the growth rate, chondrocyte proliferation rate, and hypertrophic cell size all normalized, suggesting that estrogen has a reversible, suppressive effect on growth plate function. In addition, estrogen accelerated the normal loss of resting zone chondrocytes with age. This decrease in resting zone cell number did not appear to be due to apoptosis. However, it was maintained after the estrogen treatment stopped, suggesting that it represents irreversible depletion. The findings are consistent with the hypothesis that estrogen causes irreversible depletion of progenitor cells in the resting zone, thus irreversibly accelerating structural senescence and hastening epiphyseal fusion. In addition, estrogen reversibly suppresses growth plate function.
Topics: Aging; Animals; Bone Development; Cell Proliferation; Cell Size; Chondrocytes; Estradiol; Estrogens; Female; Growth Plate; Rabbits; Tibia
PubMed: 24708243
DOI: 10.1210/en.2013-2175 -
Tissue Engineering. Part C, Methods Jun 2010Tension is a principal force experienced by skin and serves a critical role in growth and development. Optimal tension application regimens may be an important component...
Tension is a principal force experienced by skin and serves a critical role in growth and development. Optimal tension application regimens may be an important component for skin tissue engineering and dermatogenesis. In this study, we designed and tested a novel servo-controlled skin-stretching device to apply predetermined tension and waveforms in mice. The effects of static and cyclical stretching forces were compared in 48 mice by measuring epidermal proliferation, angiogenesis, cutaneous perfusion, and principal growth factors using immunohistochemistry, real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, and hyperspectral imaging. All stretched samples had upregulated epidermal proliferation and angiogenesis. Real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction of epidermal growth factor, transforming growth factor beta1, and nerve growth factor demonstrated greater expression in cyclically stretched skin when compared to static stretch. Hypoxia-induced factor 1alpha was significantly upregulated in cyclically stretched skin, but poststretch analysis demonstrated well-oxygenated tissue, collectively suggesting the presence of transient hypoxia. Waveform-specific mechanical loads may accelerate tissue growth by mechanotransduction and as a result of repeated cycles of temporary hypoxia. Further analysis of mechanotransduction signaling pathways may provide additional insight to improve skin tissue engineering methods and optimize our device.
Topics: Animals; Base Sequence; Cell Proliferation; DNA Primers; Finite Element Analysis; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Neovascularization, Physiologic; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; Skin; Tensile Strength
PubMed: 19601702
DOI: 10.1089/ten.TEC.2009.0185 -
Scientific Reports Jul 2022Digital clinical measures based on data collected by wearable devices have seen rapid growth in both clinical trials and healthcare. The widely-used measures based on...
Digital clinical measures based on data collected by wearable devices have seen rapid growth in both clinical trials and healthcare. The widely-used measures based on wearables are epoch-based physical activity counts using accelerometer data. Even though activity counts have been the backbone of thousands of clinical and epidemiological studies, there are large variations of the algorithms that compute counts and their associated parameters-many of which have often been kept proprietary by device providers. This lack of transparency has hindered comparability between studies using different devices and limited their broader clinical applicability. ActiGraph devices have been the most-used wearable accelerometer devices for over two decades. Recognizing the importance of data transparency, interpretability and interoperability to both research and clinical use, we here describe the detailed counts algorithms of five generations of ActiGraph devices going back to the first AM7164 model, and publish the current counts algorithm in ActiGraph's ActiLife and CentrePoint software as a standalone Python package for research use. We believe that this material will provide a useful resource for the research community, accelerate digital health science and facilitate clinical applications of wearable accelerometry.
Topics: Acceleration; Accelerometry; Exercise; Software; Wearable Electronic Devices
PubMed: 35831446
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16003-x