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Forensic Science, Medicine, and... Dec 2019This report details the proceedings and conclusions from the 3rd International Congress on Unexplained Deaths in Infants and Children, held November 26-27, 2018 at the...
Inconsistent classification of unexplained sudden deaths in infants and children hinders surveillance, prevention and research: recommendations from The 3rd International Congress on Sudden Infant and Child Death.
This report details the proceedings and conclusions from the 3rd International Congress on Unexplained Deaths in Infants and Children, held November 26-27, 2018 at the Radcliffe Institute at Harvard University. The Congress was motivated by the increasing rejection of the diagnosis Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) in the medical examiner community, leading to falsely depressed reported SIDS rates and undermining the validity and reliability of the diagnosis, which remains a leading cause of infant and child mortality. We describe the diagnostic shift away from SIDS and the practical issues contributing to it. The Congress was attended by major figures and opinion leaders in this area from countries significantly engaged in this problem. Four categories (International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-11 categories of MH11, MH12, MH14, PB00-PB0Z) were recommended for classification, and explicit definitions and guidance were provided for death certifiers. SIDS was reframed as unexplained sudden death in infancy or SIDS/MH11 to emphasize that either term signifies the lack of explanation following a rigorous investigation. A distinct category for children over the age of 1 was recommended (MH12). Definitions and exclusions were provided for the alternative categories of accidental asphyxia and undetermined. As recommended, unexplained sudden death in infancy or SIDS on a death certificate will code a unique, trackable entity, accurately reflecting the inability to determine a definitive explanation, while satisfying surveillance needs and reliable identification for research efforts. The conclusions will be submitted to the World Health Organization for inclusion in the upcoming ICD-11.
Topics: Accidents; Asphyxia; Bedding and Linens; Child; Death, Sudden; Forensic Medicine; Humans; Infant; International Classification of Diseases; Sudden Infant Death; Terminology as Topic
PubMed: 31502215
DOI: 10.1007/s12024-019-00156-9 -
Critical Care Clinics Jan 2016Trauma continues to be a leading cause of nonobstetric maternal and fetal mortality worldwide. Caring for the pregnant trauma patient requires a systematic and... (Review)
Review
Trauma continues to be a leading cause of nonobstetric maternal and fetal mortality worldwide. Caring for the pregnant trauma patient requires a systematic and multidisciplinary approach. It is important to understand the anatomic and physiologic changes that occur during pregnancy. Accepted trauma guidelines for imaging and interventions should generally not be deviated from just because a patient is pregnant. Focus should be placed on injury prevention and education of at risk patients to decrease the morbidity and mortality associated with traumatic injuries in pregnant patients.
Topics: Accidental Falls; Accidents, Traffic; Cesarean Section; Female; Fetal Death; Fetal Diseases; Humans; Intimate Partner Violence; Patient Care Team; Patient Education as Topic; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Reproductive Physiological Phenomena; Risk Factors; United States; Wounds and Injuries; Wounds, Penetrating
PubMed: 26600448
DOI: 10.1016/j.ccc.2015.08.008 -
The American Journal of Forensic... Mar 1991A definition of autoerotic death is suggested that restricts the use of this term to accidental deaths that occur during individual, usually solitary, sexual activity in...
A definition of autoerotic death is suggested that restricts the use of this term to accidental deaths that occur during individual, usually solitary, sexual activity in which a device, apparatus, or prop that was employed to enhance the sexual stimulation of the deceased in some way caused unintended death. The case of the autoerotic asphyxial death of a 48-year-old man is reported in order to demonstrate the application of this definition.
Topics: Accidents; Asphyxia; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Paraphilic Disorders; Transsexualism
PubMed: 2063822
DOI: 10.1097/00000433-199103000-00013 -
Forensic Science International Sep 2017Death by accidental mechanical asphyxia in adults is infrequent and usually results from chocking/aspiration, entrapment, ligature strangulation by clothes catching in...
Death by accidental mechanical asphyxia in adults is infrequent and usually results from chocking/aspiration, entrapment, ligature strangulation by clothes catching in machinery (especially as occupational deaths) and, more frequently, sexual asphyxia. Except for autoerotic deaths, accidental hanging almost never occurs in adults, and compression of the neck by solid unmovable structures is also rarely reported. The authors report an unusual case of death by mechanical asphyxia due to accidental compression of the neck in combination with suspension of the body, observed in a thief who was found hanging from the ceiling of a room, having his neck compressed by the panels of the floor and his body suspended half a meter from the ground.
Topics: Accidents; Adult; Asphyxia; Humans; Male; Neck Injuries; Purpura; Theft
PubMed: 28778354
DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2017.07.013 -
JPMA. the Journal of the Pakistan... Jul 2015The cases emphasise the implementation of safety measurements which may prevent the occurrence of accidental hanging in children. Two accidental hanging cases were...
The cases emphasise the implementation of safety measurements which may prevent the occurrence of accidental hanging in children. Two accidental hanging cases were autopsied at The Council of Forensic Medicine, Bursa Group Chairmanship, Morgue Department. The inquest papers written by police were examined and the scenes and autopsy findings are presented. The first case was a four year old girl and the second case was a five year old boy. Their manners of death were determined as an accident. The first accident occurred out of home, but the second accidental hanging occurred at home. It was seen that childhood deaths due to hanging are preventable. Detailed medico-legal investigation in order to elucidate the manner of death is required in similar cases.
Topics: Accidents, Home; Asphyxia; Autopsy; Child, Preschool; Female; Forensic Medicine; Humans; Male
PubMed: 26160094
DOI: No ID Found -
Proceedings, the Annual Meeting of the... 1973
Topics: Accidents; Aged; Death; Female; Humans; Insurance, Life; Male; Middle Aged
PubMed: 4802385
DOI: No ID Found -
Transactions of the Association of Life... 1985
Topics: Accidents; Coroners and Medical Examiners; Death; Humans
PubMed: 4090135
DOI: No ID Found -
Indian Journal of Pediatrics Dec 2018
Topics: Accidents, Home; Asphyxia; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation; Child, Preschool; Humans; Interior Design and Furnishings; Male
PubMed: 29948732
DOI: 10.1007/s12098-018-2723-z -
Pediatrics Mar 2018Sharp declines in sudden unexpected infant death (SUID) in the 1990s and a diagnostic shift from sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) to unknown cause and accidental...
BACKGROUND
Sharp declines in sudden unexpected infant death (SUID) in the 1990s and a diagnostic shift from sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) to unknown cause and accidental suffocation and strangulation in bed (ASSB) in 1999-2001 have been documented. We examined trends in SUID and SIDS, unknown cause, and ASSB from 1990 to 2015 and compared state-specific SUID rates to identify significant trends that may be used to inform SUID prevention efforts.
METHODS
We used data from US mortality files to evaluate national and state-specific SUID rates (deaths per 100 000 live births) for 1990-2015. SUID included infants with an underlying cause of death, SIDS, unknown cause, or ASSB. To examine overall US rates for SUID and SUID subtypes, we calculated the percent change by fitting Poisson regression models. We report state differences in SUID and compared state-specific rates from 2000-2002 to 2013-2015 by calculating the percent change.
RESULTS
SUID rates declined from 154.6 per 100 000 live births in 1990 to 92.4 in 2015, declining 44.6% from 1990 to 1998 and 7% from 1999 to 2015. From 1999 to 2015, SIDS rates decreased 35.8%, ASSB rates increased 183.8%, and there was no significant change in unknown cause rates. SUID trends among states varied widely from 41.5 to 184.3 in 2000-2002 and from 33.2 to 202.2 in 2013-2015.
CONCLUSIONS
Reductions in SUID rates since 1999 have been minimal, and wide variations in state-specific rates remain. States with significant declines in SUID rates might have SUID risk-reduction programs that could serve as models for other states.
Topics: Accidents, Home; Asphyxia; Cause of Death; Humans; Infant; Risk Factors; Sudden Infant Death; United States
PubMed: 29440504
DOI: 10.1542/peds.2017-3519 -
Medicine, Science, and the Law Oct 1982
Topics: Accidents, Occupational; Adult; Agriculture; Carbon Dioxide; Drowning; Fermentation; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Waste Products
PubMed: 6815402
DOI: 10.1177/002580248202200411