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The American Journal of Digestive... Sep 1949
Topics: Achlorhydria; Acidosis; Diabetes Mellitus; Humans; Stomach
PubMed: 18139316
DOI: 10.1007/BF03002734 -
The American Journal of Clinical... Dec 2015
Topics: Achlorhydria; Anemia, Iron-Deficiency; Humans
PubMed: 26628571
DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.115.120576 -
Journal of Gastrointestinal and Liver... Sep 2013
Topics: Achlorhydria; Administration, Oral; Animals; Biological Availability; Helicobacter Infections; Helicobacter pylori; Intestinal Absorption; Intestinal Mucosa; Intestines; Solubility; Tablets; Thyroid Diseases; Thyroxine
PubMed: 24078981
DOI: No ID Found -
Digestive Diseases and Sciences Feb 1994It is widely accepted that the absence of acid-peptic activity excludes the presence of a benign upper gastrointestinal ulcer. We assessed the frequency of a history of...
It is widely accepted that the absence of acid-peptic activity excludes the presence of a benign upper gastrointestinal ulcer. We assessed the frequency of a history of benign upper gastrointestinal ulcer disease in patients with and without serological evidence of achlorhydria with reference to the use of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). In total 857 patients were interviewed, using a standard questionnaire with emphasis on demographic data, chronic use of NSAID, and history of upper gastrointestinal ulcers. The frequency of achlorhydria was determined by extremely low serum levels of pepsinogen A (PgA < 17 micrograms/liter). Of the total group of patients, 36 patients (4.2%; 95% CI 2.9-5.5) had a PgA lower than 17 micrograms/liter. A history of benign upper gastrointestinal ulcer was found in 57/827 (6.9%) of patients with serum PgA higher than 17 micrograms/liter and in 3/36 (8.3%) of patients with serum PgA lower than 17 micrograms/liter (NS). The three patients with upper gastrointestinal ulcer and PgA lower than 17 micrograms/liter were known to have pernicious anemia (PA) before (two patients) or simultaneously (one patient) with the diagnosis of the upper gastrointestinal ulcer and were using NSAIDs at that time. The presence of gastric acid is not obligatory for the development of ulcers during NSAID use.
Topics: Achlorhydria; Adult; Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Duodenal Ulcer; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pepsinogens; Stomach Ulcer
PubMed: 8313819
DOI: 10.1007/BF02090209 -
Israel Journal of Medical Sciences May 1971
Topics: Achlorhydria; Adult; Cholera; Citrus; Diet; Diet Therapy; Gastrectomy; Humans; Hydrochloric Acid; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Israel; Pylorus; Vagotomy; Water-Electrolyte Balance
PubMed: 5560990
DOI: No ID Found -
Gut Jul 2006
Topics: Achlorhydria; Aged; Female; Gastroesophageal Reflux; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Monitoring, Physiologic
PubMed: 16766765
DOI: 10.1136/gut.2006.092650 -
Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics Jul 2002Gastric cancer is the second commonest cause of death from malignancy in the world. Its pathogenesis is comparatively well understood and its aetiology multifactorial.... (Review)
Review
Gastric cancer is the second commonest cause of death from malignancy in the world. Its pathogenesis is comparatively well understood and its aetiology multifactorial. Non-cardia gastric cancer usually arises in a stomach that has been inflamed over a long period and where atrophy and intestinal metaplasia have supervened. The commonest cause of gastric inflammation is infection with Helicobacter pylori. Colonization with this organism increases the relative risk of developing this cancer by about six [Helicobacter and Cancer Collaborative Group. Gut 2001; 49: 347-53]. Its likelihood increases with the severity and extent of the gastritis. Severity is influenced by the virulence of the infecting organism, the genetics of the host, bile reflux, dietary factors and the presence of hypochlorhydria which influences the extent, as well as the severity, of the inflammation. The only predisposing factor which can easily be manipulated is H. pylori infection, which can be successfully treated in 80-90% of cases using a 1-week therapeutic regimen.
Topics: Achlorhydria; Gastritis; Helicobacter Infections; Helicobacter pylori; Humans; Risk Factors; Stomach Neoplasms
PubMed: 12047266
DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2036.16.s4.14.x -
Gut Jan 1971
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International Journal of Molecular... Nov 2019Gastric juice is a unique combination of hydrochloric acid (HCl), lipase, and pepsin. Acidic gastric juice is found in all vertebrates, and its main function is to... (Review)
Review
Gastric juice is a unique combination of hydrochloric acid (HCl), lipase, and pepsin. Acidic gastric juice is found in all vertebrates, and its main function is to inactivate microorganisms. The phylogenetic preservation of this energy-consuming and, at times, hazardous function (acid-related diseases) reflects its biological importance. Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are one of the most widely used drugs in the world. Due to the reduced prevalence of infection as well as the increased use of inhibitors of gastric acid secretion, the latter has become the most important cause of gastric hypoacidity. In the present manuscript, we review the microbiological consequences of removing gastric acidity. The resulting susceptibility to infections has not been studied extensively, and focus has mainly been restricted to bacterial and parasitic agents only. The strongest evidence concerning the relationship between hypochlorhydria and predisposition to infections relates to bacterial infections affecting the gastrointestinal tract. However, several other clinical settings with increased susceptibility to infections due to inhibited gastric acidity are discussed. We also discuss the impact of hypochlorhydria on the gut microbiome.
Topics: Achlorhydria; Animals; Bacterial Infections; Gastric Acid; Gastric Juice; Gastrointestinal Diseases; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Humans; Infections; Proton Pump Inhibitors
PubMed: 31795477
DOI: 10.3390/ijms20236031 -
Pancreas Aug 2013
Topics: Achlorhydria; Female; Humans; Male; Secretin; Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome
PubMed: 23851427
DOI: 10.1097/MPA.0b013e318298df75