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Journal of Microbiology, Immunology,... Feb 2009Acinetobacter junii is a human pathogen but A. junii infection is rarely reported. This study aimed to delineate the characteristics of A. junii infection.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE
Acinetobacter junii is a human pathogen but A. junii infection is rarely reported. This study aimed to delineate the characteristics of A. junii infection.
METHODS
The medical records of 34 patients who were treated at Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, from May 1999 to May 2007 and had A. junii isolated from sterile sites were reviewed. Isolates of A. junii were identified by using API ID 32 GN and were confirmed by analysis of the 16S-23S rRNA intergenic spacer region.
RESULTS
Thirty five infections with A. junii were identified. The most common underlying conditions included prior antibiotic use (56%), central venous catheterization (50%), and malignancy (38%). Systemic inflammatory response syndrome and shock developing within 1 week were observed in 27 (77%) and 8 (23%) episodes, respectively. Eighty percent of the infectious episodes were hospital acquired. The infections were primary bacteremia (n = 32), empyema (n = 1), peritonitis (n = 1), and keratitis (n = 1). Polymicrobial infection was present in 9 episodes (26%). A. junii isolates remained susceptible to most of the tested antimicrobial agents, but the hospital-acquired isolates had higher resistance rates than the community-acquired isolates. Four patients (11.4%) died of A. junii infection despite appropriate antimicrobial therapy for 3 patients. Shock that developed within 1 week of bacteremia was associated with a poor outcome (p = 0.01).
CONCLUSIONS
A. junii is an opportunistic pathogen that mainly affects patients who have had prior antimicrobial therapy, invasive procedures, or malignancy. Newly emerging infections caused by A. junii and the increasing antimicrobial resistance among hospital-acquired A. junii isolates should be monitored.
Topics: Acinetobacter; Acinetobacter Infections; Adult; Aged; Analysis of Variance; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Child; Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field; Female; Humans; Male; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Middle Aged; Retrospective Studies; Risk Factors; Taiwan
PubMed: 19424558
DOI: No ID Found -
Microbial Pathogenesis Jan 2020Lipopeptide biosurfactants (LPBs) are amphiphilic compounds produced by microorganisms exhibiting various biological activities. The main aim of the present study was to...
Lipopeptide biosurfactants (LPBs) are amphiphilic compounds produced by microorganisms exhibiting various biological activities. The main aim of the present study was to assess the in vitro antimicrobial, anti-biofilm, and cytotoxic effects of LPB produced by Acinetobacter junii (AjL). We determined AjL minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria as well as two fungal strains. Also, the anti-biofilm activity of AjL against the biofilm produced by clinically isolated bacterial strains was investigated. The AjL non-selectively showed activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains. The obtained results of the present study exhibited that the AjL in concentrations nearly below critical micelle concentration (CMC) has an effective antibacterial activity. It was found that the MIC values of AjL were lower than standard antifungal and it exhibited nearly 100% inhibition against Candida utilis. The attained results of the biofilm formation revealed that AjL disrupted the biofilm of Proteus mirabilis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa at 1250 μg/ml and 2500 μg/ml concentrations. The attained results of cytotoxic effect (determined by WST-1 assay) of the AjL revealed IC of 7.8 ± 0.4 mg/ml, 2.4 ± 0.5 mg/ml, and 5.7 ± 0.1 mg/ml, against U87, KB, and HUVEC cell lines, respectively. The results indicated that AjL has a potential application in the relatively new field of biomedicine.
Topics: Acinetobacter; Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides; Bacteria; Biofilms; Cell Survival; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Fungi; Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells; Humans; Lipopeptides; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Staphylococcus aureus; Surface-Active Agents
PubMed: 31629797
DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.103806 -
Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy :... Oct 2022Sphingobacterium is an aerobic, glucose non-fermenting, Gram-negative rod bacterium that has been isolated from soil, plants, food, and water sources, including in...
INTRODUCTION
Sphingobacterium is an aerobic, glucose non-fermenting, Gram-negative rod bacterium that has been isolated from soil, plants, food, and water sources, including in hospitals. Reports of systemic infections caused by Sphingobacterium multivorum (S. multivorum) are rare, and their clinical and microbiological characteristics remain unclear. Moreover, conventional microbiological methods have limited ability to identify S. multivorum. We report the first case of obstructive cholangitis with bacteremia caused by S. multivorum in a patient with gastric cancer.
CASE REPORT
A 68-year-old woman with advanced gastric cancer, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia was admitted with obstructive jaundice, and subsequently developed obstructive cholangitis during the hospital stay. S. multivorum were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry and 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing of the patient's blood samples. Based on the antibiotic susceptibility results of the isolates, cefepime was administered intravenously for 14 days, with good therapeutic outcomes.
CONCLUSIONS
S. multivorum infection is rare, and its microbiology and pathogenicity in humans is mostly unknown. Therefore, multiple diagnostic approaches should be used to identify S. multivorum, and antimicrobial therapy should be selected based on the in vitro susceptibility. This report provides clinicians with novel information on the clinical manifestations and diagnostic methods for an accurate diagnosis of S. multivorum.
Topics: Acinetobacter; Aged; Bacteremia; Cholangitis; Female; Humans; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; Sphingobacterium; Stomach Neoplasms
PubMed: 35718261
DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2022.06.005 -
Microbiology Spectrum Dec 2022New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM)-producing clinical strains in Acinetobacter spp. have been recently reported in many countries and have received considerable...
New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM)-producing clinical strains in Acinetobacter spp. have been recently reported in many countries and have received considerable attention. The vast majority of cases occur on conjugative plasmids, which play a vital role in disseminating . To characterize the conjugative plasmids bearing genes in Acinetobacter spp., we analyzed the variants of , conjugative transfer regions, genetic contexts of , and the phylogenetic pattern of the 62 predicted -positive plasmids, which were selected from 1,191 plasmids of Acinetobacter species from GenBank. We identified 30 conjugative plasmids from the 62 -harboring plasmids in Acinetobacter species, with the sites similar to plasmid pNDM-YR7 in our study, genes coding for relaxases of the MOB family, genes encoding type IV coupling proteins (T4CPs) of the TrwB/TraD subfamily, and VirB-like type IV secretion system (T4SS) gene clusters. The genome sizes of all 30 pNDM-YR7-like plasmids ranged from 39.36 kb to 49.65 kb, with a median size of 44.56 kb. The most common species of Acinetobacter containing the -positive conjugative plasmids was A. baumannii, followed by Acinetobacter lwoffii and Acinetobacter indicus. Notably, pNDM-YR7 is the first report on a -positive conjugative plasmid in Acinetobacter junii. Moreover, all 30 -positive conjugative plasmids in Acinetobacter species were found to contain genetic contexts with the structure IS--IS--. Our findings provide important insights into the phylogeny and evolution of -positive plasmids of Acinetobacter species and further address their role in acquiring and spreading genes in Acinetobacter species. Conjugative plasmids harboring the gene play a vital role in disseminating carbapenem resistance. In this study, we first report a conjugative plasmid, pNDM-YR7, in Acinetobacter junii. Based on the genomic characteristics of the -positive pNDM-YR7, we performed typing and comparative analysis of -positive plasmids using the 1,191 plasmids of Acinetobacter species available in the NCBI RefSeq database. We analyzed the characteristics of -positive plasmids, including the variants of , genetic features associated with , conjugative transfer regions, and the phylogenetic pattern of the -positive plasmids. All 30 -positive conjugative plasmids were found to contain an IS--IS-- region. This study provides novel insights into the phylogeny and evolution of -harboring conjugative plasmids and contributes to the repertoire of knowledge surrounding -positive plasmids in the genus Acinetobacter.
Topics: Phylogeny; Acinetobacter; Plasmids; beta-Lactamases; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Microbial Sensitivity Tests
PubMed: 36301090
DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02102-22 -
Journal of Applied Microbiology Jun 2015Despite electrophoretic patterns of ITS PCR amplicons often suggesting only a single ITS sequence variant is present in strains of Acinetobacter junii, sequence data...
AIMS
Despite electrophoretic patterns of ITS PCR amplicons often suggesting only a single ITS sequence variant is present in strains of Acinetobacter junii, sequence data shows differences in ITS copies between and among them. This paper set out to explain why these ITS variants arise, and whether their presence compromises the reliability of the ITS targeted methods currently available for typing Ac. junii strains.
METHODS AND RESULTS
ITS sequences from a number of strains of Ac. junii were either downloaded from public databases or generated here by cloning and sequencing ITS PCR amplicons. ITS copies of Ac. junii strain 97338 were all 666 bp long, with identical sequences. In Ac. junii ATCC 17908(T) /BCRC 14854(T) ), ITS copies were also all identical in their lengths but now were 706/7 bp long. Two sequence variants of these 707 bp ITS were detected. One was identical in its sequence to the nine ITS copies downloaded from the whole genome sequence of Ac. junii CIP 64·5, and those in several other Ac. junii strains. The other 707 bp ITS variant occurred elsewhere only in Ac. junii strain DSM 14968 of those examined. The six ITS copies from the genome sequence of Ac. junii NIPH 182 were all 685 bp, and with identical sequences. Ac. junii strain 178 also possessed this same 685 bp ITS variant, one of six variants detected there. At least five ITS sequence variants were seen in Ac. junii strain 97380, four in strain DSM 14968 and two in the whole genome of strain 107470.
CONCLUSIONS
As with those of other Acinetobacter species, such ITS variants arise not from intragenomic recombination events but from the presence of different length indels. These arise from horizontal gene transfers involving ITS fragments of other Acinetobacter species.
SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY
The presence of these indels compromises the reliability of the ITS targeted methods available for typing Acinetobacter junii. It also precludes the value of using ITS sequences as phylogenetic markers in members of the genus Acinetobacter, since the outcomes in both cases depends on which copy variant is chosen.
Topics: Acinetobacter; Base Sequence; DNA, Intergenic; Gene Transfer, Horizontal; Genetic Variation; Molecular Sequence Data; Phylogeny; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Reproducibility of Results
PubMed: 25801684
DOI: 10.1111/jam.12800 -
International Journal of Systematic and... Apr 2008Using tDNA-PCR, the type strain CCM 7198T (<--CIP 107470T <--17A04T) of Acinetobacter grimontii was found to be indistinguishable from Acinetobacter junii strains....
Using tDNA-PCR, the type strain CCM 7198T (<--CIP 107470T <--17A04T) of Acinetobacter grimontii was found to be indistinguishable from Acinetobacter junii strains. Therefore, the phenotypic properties, amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) patterns and 16S rRNA and rpoB gene sequences of the type strain of A. grimontii (CCM 7198T) were determined. We found that the strain used l-arginine and l-glutamate, in contrast to the original description and in accordance with the phenotypic properties of A. junii. By AFLP analysis, A. grimontii CCM 7198T clustered at 50.2 % with a set of A. junii strains previously identified by DNA-DNA hybridization, which is in accordance with the previously established intraspecies values of this technique. Sequence similarity of the 16S rRNA gene between the type strains of the two species was found to be 99.9 %. Finally, DNA-DNA relatedness between the type strains of A. junii and A. grimontii was redetermined and was found to be 85 %. These findings were corroborated for a second representative of the A. grimontii type strain, DSM 14968T. These data confirm that Acinetobacter grimontii is a later heterotypic synonym of Acinetobacter junii.
Topics: Acinetobacter; Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism Analysis; Arginine; DNA, Bacterial; Genes, Bacterial; Glutamic Acid; Molecular Sequence Data; Phenotype; Phylogeny; RNA, Bacterial; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; Species Specificity; Terminology as Topic
PubMed: 18398198
DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.65129-0 -
Archives of Microbiology Jul 2016Strain THG-SQM11(T), a Gram-negative, aerobic, non-motile, coccus-shaped bacterium, was isolated from wheat seedlings plant in P. R. China. Strain THG-SQM11(T) was...
Strain THG-SQM11(T), a Gram-negative, aerobic, non-motile, coccus-shaped bacterium, was isolated from wheat seedlings plant in P. R. China. Strain THG-SQM11(T) was closely related to members of the genus Acinetobacter and showed the highest 16S rRNA sequence similarities with Acinetobacter junii (97.9 %) and Acinetobacter kookii (96.1 %). DNA-DNA hybridization showed 41.3 ± 2.4 % DNA reassociation with A. junii KCTC 12416(T). Chemotaxonomic data revealed that strain THG-SQM11(T) possesses ubiquinone-9 as the predominant respiratory quinone, C18:1 ω9c, summed feature 3 (C16:1 ω7c and/or C16:1 ω6c), and C16:0 as the major fatty acids. The major polar lipids were found to be diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, and phosphatidylcholine. The DNA G+C content was 41.7 mol %. These data, together with phenotypic characterization, suggest that the isolate represents a novel species, for which the name Acinetobacter plantarum sp. nov. is proposed, with THG-SQM11(T) as the type strain (=CCTCC AB 2015123(T) =KCTC 42611(T)).
Topics: Acinetobacter; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Base Composition; China; Fatty Acids; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Phospholipids; Phylogeny; Quinones; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Seedlings; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Species Specificity; Triticum; Ubiquinone
PubMed: 26869166
DOI: 10.1007/s00203-016-1199-3 -
Heliyon Feb 2024This study was aimed at using microcosm experiments to assess crude oil degradation efficiency of and isolated along Ghana's coast. Uncontaminated seawater from...
This study was aimed at using microcosm experiments to assess crude oil degradation efficiency of and isolated along Ghana's coast. Uncontaminated seawater from selected locations along the coast was used to isolate bacterial species by employing enrichment culture procedures with crude oil as the only carbon source. The isolates were identified by means of the extended direct colony transfer method of the Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time of Flight Mass Spectroscopy (MALDI-TOF MS), as , and . Remediation tests showed that yielded degradation efficiencies of 27.59 %, 41.38 % and 57.47 %. Whereas efficiencies of 21.14 %, 32.18 % and 43.68 % were recorded by representing 15, 30 and 45 days respectively. Consortia of , and also yielded 32.18 %, 48.28 % and 62.07 % for the selected days respectively. Phylogenetic characterization using ClustalW and BLAST of sequences generated from the Oxford Nanopore Sequencing technique, showed that the Ghanaian isolates clustered with and species respectively. An analysis of the sequenced data for the 1394-bp portion of the 16S rRNA gene of the isolates revealed >99 % sequence identity with the isolates present on the GenBank database. The isolates of closest identity were and with accession numbers, NR_133958.1 and KJ147060.1 respectively. and isolated from Ghana's coast under pristine seawater conditions have therefore demonstrated their capacity to be used for the remediation of crude oil spills.
PubMed: 38318038
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24994 -
Genomics Data Dec 2014The genus Acinetobacter consists of 31 validly published species ubiquitously distributed in nature and primarily associated with nosocomial infection. We report the...
The genus Acinetobacter consists of 31 validly published species ubiquitously distributed in nature and primarily associated with nosocomial infection. We report the 3.5 Mb draft genome of the Acinetobacter junii strain MTCC 11364. The genome has a G + C content of 38.0% and includes 3 rRNA genes (5S, 23S, 16S) and 64 aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase genes.
PubMed: 26484056
DOI: 10.1016/j.gdata.2013.10.005 -
Infection 2000Community-acquired Acinetobacter meningitis in adults is an extremely rare infection of the central nervous system (CNS). Here we report one adult case of this rare CNS... (Review)
Review
Community-acquired Acinetobacter meningitis in adults is an extremely rare infection of the central nervous system (CNS). Here we report one adult case of this rare CNS infection and review the clinical data of another seven cases reported in the English language literature. In total, eight patients (six men and two women) aged between 19 and 63 years were studied. The causative pathogen in our patient was Acinetobacter baumannii; in the other reported cases they were most likely Acinetobacter Iwoffii, Acinetobacter johnsonii, Acinetobacter junii, a genomic species 3 or 6. No underlying disease was found in seven of the eight cases and six of the eight patients acquired the infections before the age of 30 years. Fever and consciousness disturbance were the most common clinical manifestations. Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome (WFS) was found in two cases. Unlike the Acinetobacter strains found in nosocomial infections, the strain of Acinetobacter meningitis in the community-acquired case did not show multiple antibiotic resistance. Most adult patients with community-acquired Acinetobacter meningitis can be saved by timely therapy with appropriate antibiotics before deterioration of the systemic condition and impairment of consciousness.
Topics: Acinetobacter; Acinetobacter Infections; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Community-Acquired Infections; Humans; Male; Meningitis, Bacterial; Middle Aged; Prognosis
PubMed: 11139162
DOI: 10.1007/s150100070013