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Dermatologic Clinics Jan 2012Acne vulgaris is a common skin condition with substantial cutaneous and psychologic disease burden. Studies suggest that the emotional impact of acne is comparable to... (Review)
Review
Acne vulgaris is a common skin condition with substantial cutaneous and psychologic disease burden. Studies suggest that the emotional impact of acne is comparable to that experienced by patients with systemic diseases, like diabetes and epilepsy. In conjunction with the considerable personal burden experienced by patients with acne, acne vulgaris also accounts for substantial societal and health care burden. The pathogenesis and existing treatment strategies for acne are complex. This article discusses the epidemiology, pathogenesis, and treatment of acne vulgaris. The burden of disease in the United States and future directions in the management of acne are also addressed.
Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Dermatology; Health Care Costs; Humans; Needs Assessment; United States
PubMed: 22117871
DOI: 10.1016/j.det.2011.09.001 -
Lancet (London, England) Jan 2012Acne is a chronic inflammatory disease of the pilosebaceous unit resulting from androgen-induced increased sebum production, altered keratinisation, inflammation, and... (Review)
Review
Acne is a chronic inflammatory disease of the pilosebaceous unit resulting from androgen-induced increased sebum production, altered keratinisation, inflammation, and bacterial colonisation of hair follicles on the face, neck, chest, and back by Propionibacterium acnes. Although early colonisation with P acnes and family history might have important roles in the disease, exactly what triggers acne and how treatment affects the course of the disease remain unclear. Other factors such as diet have been implicated, but not proven. Facial scarring due to acne affects up to 20% of teenagers. Acne can persist into adulthood, with detrimental effects on self-esteem. There is no ideal treatment for acne, although a suitable regimen for reducing lesions can be found for most patients. Good quality evidence on comparative effectiveness of common topical and systemic acne therapies is scarce. Topical therapies including benzoyl peroxide, retinoids, and antibiotics when used in combination usually improve control of mild to moderate acne. Treatment with combined oral contraceptives can help women with acne. Patients with more severe inflammatory acne usually need oral antibiotics combined with topical benzoyl peroxide to decrease antibiotic-resistant organisms. Oral isotretinoin is the most effective therapy and is used early in severe disease, although its use is limited by teratogenicity and other side-effects. Availability, adverse effects, and cost, limit the use of photodynamic therapy. New research is needed into the therapeutic comparative effectiveness and safety of the many products available, and to better understand the natural history, subtypes, and triggers of acne.
Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Humans
PubMed: 21880356
DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(11)60321-8 -
Cutis Sep 2021
Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Humans
PubMed: 34826281
DOI: 10.12788/cutis.0339 -
Dermatologic Therapy Nov 2020Oral and topical zinc have been used for the treatment of acne, but there is a lack of definitive evidence for their efficacy. (a) To determine if mean serum zinc levels... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Oral and topical zinc have been used for the treatment of acne, but there is a lack of definitive evidence for their efficacy. (a) To determine if mean serum zinc levels differ between acne patients and controls and (b) to determine the efficacy of zinc preparations in the treatment of acne. A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed according to recommended PRISMA [Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses] guidelines. Subjects with acne had significantly lower serum zinc levels compared to controls. Patients who were treated with zinc had a significant improvement in mean inflammatory papule count compared to those who were not treated with zinc. There was no significant difference in the incidence of side effects in zinc supplementation vs comparators. Acne patients have decreased serum zinc levels. Zinc is effective for the treatment of acne, particularly at decreasing the number of inflammatory papules, when used as monotherapy or as an adjunctive treatment.
Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Diagnostic Tests, Routine; Humans; Organic Chemicals; Zinc
PubMed: 32860489
DOI: 10.1111/dth.14252 -
Journal of the American Academy of... Feb 2020
Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Humans
PubMed: 31859048
DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2019.01.092 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Aug 2016Acne is a common inflammatory skin disease which affects the pilosebaceous units of the skin. It can have severe psychological effects and can leave the patient with... (Review)
Review
Acne is a common inflammatory skin disease which affects the pilosebaceous units of the skin. It can have severe psychological effects and can leave the patient with severe skin scarring. There are four well-recognized pathological factors responsible for acne which is also the target for acne therapy. In this review, different treatment options are discussed, including topical (i.e., retinoids, and antibiotics) and systemic (i.e., retinoids, antibiotics, and hormonal) treatments. Since the general public has been showing an increasing interest in more natural and generally safer treatment options, the use of complementary and alternative medicines (CAM) for treating acne was also discussed. The use of physical therapies such as comedone extraction, cryoslush therapy, cryotherapy, electrocauterization, intralesional corticosteroids and optical treatments are also mentioned. Acne has been extensively researched with regards to the disease mechanism as well as treatment options. However, due to the increasing resistance of Propionibacterium acnes towards the available antibiotics, there is a need for new treatment methods. Additionally, the lack of necessary evidence on the efficacy of CAM therapies makes it necessary for researchers to investigate these treatment options further.
Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Combined Modality Therapy; Humans; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 27529209
DOI: 10.3390/molecules21081063 -
Pediatric Annals Mar 2020Acne is the most common skin condition observed in adolescent and preadolescent patients. Pediatric providers are on the forefront of managing the disease, often as a... (Review)
Review
Acne is the most common skin condition observed in adolescent and preadolescent patients. Pediatric providers are on the forefront of managing the disease, often as a secondary concern in a busy practice. Therefore, every provider needs to have an acne treatment plan that is effective, easy to communicate, and simple to follow. This article provides treatment rationale and guidelines-based recommendations for the initial treatment of acne, tips for troubleshooting any side effects, and a plan for subsequent follow-up to maintain good control. [Pediatr Ann. 2020;49(3):e109-e115.].
Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Adolescent; Child; Humans; Pediatrics; Physicians, Primary Care; Practice Guidelines as Topic
PubMed: 32155276
DOI: 10.3928/19382359-20200211-01 -
Drug Discoveries & Therapeutics 2018Acne vulgaris (AV) is the familiar chronic skin ailment affecting most of the individuals. This multifarious, disease involves the bacterium gram-positive, anaerobic... (Review)
Review
Acne vulgaris (AV) is the familiar chronic skin ailment affecting most of the individuals. This multifarious, disease involves the bacterium gram-positive, anaerobic Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) which resides on skin microflora, and participated in acne inflammation and acne lesions. The object of this review is to discuss presently available in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo models to evaluate the cosmetic formulations that are developed for dealing and prevention of acne formation. These various available models offer new chances for further research on biologically active materials, drugs & pharmaceutical as well as cosmetics for acne treatment.
Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Animals; Cell Line; Cosmeceuticals; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Development; Humans; Models, Biological
PubMed: 30674767
DOI: 10.5582/ddt.2018.01079 -
Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia 2023Acne vulgaris is one of the most common chronic inflammatory diseases and is characterized by papules, pustules, comedones, and nodules. Although adolescence is the... (Review)
Review
Acne vulgaris is one of the most common chronic inflammatory diseases and is characterized by papules, pustules, comedones, and nodules. Although adolescence is the preferential age group, acne may affect various age groups. Acne shares different properties in adults and adolescents. These differences extend from epidemiology to treatments. Increased awareness of these two subtypes will allow for better management of the disease. In this review, the authors examined all aspects of acne in adults and adolescents under the light of current literature.
Topics: Humans; Adult; Adolescent; Acne Vulgaris
PubMed: 36253244
DOI: 10.1016/j.abd.2022.01.006 -
Dermatologic Therapy Apr 2022Acne vulgaris is one of the most common dermatologic complaints. Recently, isotretinoin has been used as an off-label indication for the treatment of mild-to-moderate... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Acne vulgaris is one of the most common dermatologic complaints. Recently, isotretinoin has been used as an off-label indication for the treatment of mild-to-moderate grades of acne not responding to conventional treatment. Its conventional recommended dose is 0.5-1.0 mg/kg per day to the cumulative dose of 120-150 mg/kg. To qualify the state of evidence and analyze the efficacy of the low-daily dose and the pulsed doses of isotretinoin in treating mild-to-moderate acne patients with regards to response and relapse rates. Systematic review and meta-analysis using an electronic literature search were performed. The 320 potentially relevant articles were included and reviewed. The level of evidence is moderate to low as conducted by the GRADE quality of evidence assessment. The pooled statistical estimate for response to treatment in the group comparing low-daily doses with conventional dose showed an overall benefit for conventional dose. On the other hand, pooled data from the group comparing the low-daily dose with the pulsed doses yielded an overall beneficial effect from using the low-daily dose compared with the pulsed doses on achieving the response. Given all of the available studies, the quality of evidence is low. It appears that conventional dose isotretinoin improves the odds of prolonged remission in adults with mild-to-moderate acne vulgaris compared to the low doses.
Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Administration, Oral; Adult; Dermatologic Agents; Humans; Isotretinoin; Recurrence
PubMed: 35000295
DOI: 10.1111/dth.15311