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Medicine Nov 2023Actinobacillus ureae (A. ureae) is an unusual commensal of human respiratory flora, rarely causing human infection. The predisposing factors, identification, clinical... (Review)
Review
RATIONALE
Actinobacillus ureae (A. ureae) is an unusual commensal of human respiratory flora, rarely causing human infection. The predisposing factors, identification, clinical features, and antibiotic therapy of A. ureae are seldomly reported. Herein, we present a case of 64-year-old man affected by A. ureae pneumonia after intracranial surgery.
PATIENT CONCERNS AND DIAGNOSES
A 64-year-old male was admitted with vomiting, drowsiness, and a severe disturbance of consciousness and was later diagnosed with cerebral hemorrhage by computed tomography images. After a craniocerebral surgery, the patient suffered from intractable pneumonia, experiencing treatment failure with multiple anti-bacterial agents. Sputum culture yield pure colonies of A. ureae, confirmed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight and 16S rRNA gene sequencing.
INTERVENTIONS
Minocycline (100 mg p.o. per 12 hours) with a course of 15 days was administrated for this patient.
OUTCOMES
The respiratory symptoms, presenting as intermittent coughing with purulent and yellowish sputum, were gone. A 3-month follow-up examination showed a complete resolution of radiological findings.
LESSONS
Clinically, the actual incidence of A. ureae pneumonia may be higher than that we generally recognized, and clinicians should consider A. ureae as a possible etiologic agent in patients with predispositions. Currently, A. ureae may be susceptible to penicillin, ampicillin, and third-generation cephalosporins. Other antibacterial agents, such as tetracycline, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, and aminoglycosides also respond well and can be a choice in the treatment of A. ureae infections.
Topics: Male; Humans; Middle Aged; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Actinobacillus; Actinobacillus Infections; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Pneumonia
PubMed: 37986302
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000036087 -
The Journal of Emergency Medicine 1995Actinobacillus urea, formerly known as Pasteurella ureae, is an uncommon commensal of the upper respiratory tract in humans. It has been identified as the primary... (Review)
Review
Actinobacillus urea, formerly known as Pasteurella ureae, is an uncommon commensal of the upper respiratory tract in humans. It has been identified as the primary pathogen in 10 cases of meningitis and several cases of pneumonia, sepsis, and peritonitis. A case is presented that represents another documented case of meningitis due to this rare organism. Risk factors associated with serious infection due to Actinobacillus ureae and basic management approaches to posttraumatic meningitis in general are discussed.
Topics: Actinobacillus Infections; Adolescent; Antibiotic Prophylaxis; Cerebrospinal Fluid Otorrhea; Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea; Humans; Male; Meningitis, Bacterial; Risk Factors; Skull Fractures; Time Factors
PubMed: 8530779
DOI: 10.1016/0736-4679(95)00066-j -
Scandinavian Journal of Infectious... 200727 cases of Actinobacillus ureae infections including 14 cases of meningitis have been reported. We describe 1 case of Actinobacillus ureae meningitis in a 75-y-old... (Review)
Review
27 cases of Actinobacillus ureae infections including 14 cases of meningitis have been reported. We describe 1 case of Actinobacillus ureae meningitis in a 75-y-old patient. Risk factors, clinical outcome and treatment of Actinobacillus ureae infections are discussed. Actinobacillus ureae may behave as an opportunistic pathogen causing severe infections in immunocompromised patients.
Topics: Actinobacillus; Aged; Humans; Immunocompromised Host; Male; Meningitis, Bacterial; Opportunistic Infections
PubMed: 17852903
DOI: 10.1080/00365540701558755 -
New Microbes and New Infections Nov 2016A 62-year-old man with asthma sought care for intermittent fever, cough with expectoration, breathlessness and orthopnoea with grunting. Computed tomography revealed...
A 62-year-old man with asthma sought care for intermittent fever, cough with expectoration, breathlessness and orthopnoea with grunting. Computed tomography revealed clusters of centrilobular nodules on both sides with a tree-in-bud appearance and mild diffuse bronchial wall thickening. Sputum sample grew pure colonies of which was confirmed by MALDI-TOF and 16SrRNA gene sequencing. A. ureae may be an additional bacteriologic causative agent of the tree-in-bud pattern on computed tomographic scan.
PubMed: 27752324
DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2016.09.005 -
Pathologie-biologie Dec 1989A case of Actinobacillus ureae meningitis in a 52 year old man with an history of chronic sinusitis and previous skull fractures is reported. Actinobacillus ureae,... (Review)
Review
A case of Actinobacillus ureae meningitis in a 52 year old man with an history of chronic sinusitis and previous skull fractures is reported. Actinobacillus ureae, called for a long time Pasteurella ureae, is a rare cause of meningitis as shown by a short review of the literature (eight cases reported). We have searched the bacteria in the rhinopharynx of the patient's four dogs: this search was unsuccessful in agreement with the literature data which has not yet established an animal host for Actinobacillus ureae.
Topics: Actinobacillus Infections; Ampicillin; Humans; Male; Meningitis; Middle Aged
PubMed: 2691966
DOI: No ID Found -
International Journal of Systematic and... Oct 2019Ten strains of an -like organism were isolated from alpaca () in the UK over a period of 5 years, with no known epidemiological linkages. The isolates are distinct,...
Ten strains of an -like organism were isolated from alpaca () in the UK over a period of 5 years, with no known epidemiological linkages. The isolates are distinct, based on both phenotype and genotype, from any previously described species. Molecular analysis, based on 16S rRNA, and gene sequences, placed the isolates as a novel, early branching, lineage within the currently recognised . In agreement with the results of the single-gene analysis, average nucleotide identity values, based on whole genome sequences, showed very similar identities to a number of members of the notably , and . At least two phenotypic characteristics differentiate the alpaca isolates from other species, and from taxa likely falling within this group but awaiting formal species description, with and subsp. being the most closely related phenotypically. The alpaca isolates can be differentiated from by production of β-galactosidase (ONPG) and acid from raffinose, and from subsp. by production of acid from d-sorbitol and failure to produce acid from d-xylose. Isolates were obtained from multiple sites in alpaca including respiratory tract, alimentary tract and internal organs although further evidence is required to understand any pathogenic significance. Based on the results of characterization described here, it is proposed that the isolates constitute a novel species, sp. nov. The type strain is W1618 (LMG30745 NCTC14090) isolated in the UK in 2012 from oesophageal ulceration in an alpaca ().
Topics: Actinobacillus; Animals; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Base Composition; Camelids, New World; DNA, Bacterial; Female; Genes, Bacterial; Male; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA; United Kingdom
PubMed: 31395108
DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.003607 -
The Canadian Veterinary Journal = La... Jan 1990
PubMed: 17423496
DOI: No ID Found -
Pediatrics International : Official... Jun 2007
Topics: Actinobacillus; Actinobacillus Infections; Acute Disease; Amoxicillin; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Child, Preschool; Clavulanic Acid; Conjunctiva; Conjunctivitis; Diagnosis, Differential; Drug Therapy, Combination; Eye Infections, Bacterial; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans
PubMed: 17532849
DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-200X.2007.02365.x -
Journal of Clinical Microbiology Feb 2002Actinobacillus ureae, previously Pasteurella ureae, has on rare occasions been described as a cause of human infection. Owing to its rarity, it may not be easily...
Actinobacillus ureae, previously Pasteurella ureae, has on rare occasions been described as a cause of human infection. Owing to its rarity, it may not be easily identified in clinical microbiology laboratories by standard tests. This report describes a patient with acute bacterial meningitis due to A. ureae. The identity of the isolate was determined by means of DNA sequence analysis of a portion of the 16S rRNA gene.
Topics: Actinobacillus; Actinobacillus Infections; Adult; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Cerebrospinal Fluid; Genes, rRNA; Humans; Male; Meningitis, Bacterial; Molecular Sequence Data; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA
PubMed: 11825992
DOI: 10.1128/JCM.40.2.666-668.2002 -
International Journal of Systematic and... May 2004A 426 bp fragment of infB, a housekeeping gene that encodes translation initiation factor 2, was sequenced from 59 clinical isolates and type strains of Actinobacillus... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
A 426 bp fragment of infB, a housekeeping gene that encodes translation initiation factor 2, was sequenced from 59 clinical isolates and type strains of Actinobacillus species and sequences were compared. Partial sequences of 16S rRNA genes were also obtained. By comparing infB sequences, Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, Actinobacillus equuli, Actinobacillus suis, Actinobacillus ureae, Actinobacillus arthritidis, Actinobacillus hominis and two unnamed genomospecies showed more than 85 % similarity to the type strain of the type species of the genus, Actinobacillus lignieresii. The taxonomic position of Actinobacillus capsulatus was unresolved; this species is more remotely related to A. lignieresii. The two species A. lignieresii and A. pleuropneumoniae could not be clearly separated by infB sequence analysis. The phylogeny of the genus Actinobacillus based on infB analysis was essentially congruent with relationships inferred from 16S rRNA sequence comparisons and DNA hybridization studies. Discrepancies were encountered with single strains or taxa at the periphery of the genus. Greater intraspecies variation was observed with infB sequences than with 16S rRNA gene sequences, with notable exceptions. The apparent subdivision of some species by 16S rRNA analysis was most likely caused by RNA operon heterogeneity.
Topics: Actinobacillus; Bacterial Proteins; Base Sequence; DNA, Bacterial; Genes, Bacterial; Humans; Molecular Sequence Data; Phylogeny; Prokaryotic Initiation Factor-2; RNA, Bacterial; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
PubMed: 15143001
DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.02785-0