-
Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial... Nov 2012A 60-year-old male farmer presented with tongue swelling of 1-month duration. Local oral clinical examinations showed a painless firm mass in the anterolateral aspect of...
A 60-year-old male farmer presented with tongue swelling of 1-month duration. Local oral clinical examinations showed a painless firm mass in the anterolateral aspect of the anterior third of the tongue. Fine needle aspiration for cytology confirmed the diagnosis of tongue actinomycetoma due to Actinomadura madurae. The patient underwent wide local excision under general anesthesia and had an uneventful postoperative recovery. He was started on amikacin sulfate 15 mg/kg daily and cotrimoxazole 15 mg/kg twice per day for 6 months. The lesion healed completely, with no evidence of recurrence at 6-month follow-up. The route of infection in this patient is unclear; however, direct traumatic inoculation is the most likely route. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of tongue mycetoma in the medical literature.
Topics: Actinobacteria; Amikacin; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Mycetoma; Tongue Diseases
PubMed: 22959876
DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2012.07.041 -
Revista Do Instituto de Medicina... 1992Actinomadura madurae mycetoma was diagnosed in two patients by the dermatologic outpatient clinic of the Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital (UFRJ) and the... (Review)
Review
Actinomadura madurae mycetoma was diagnosed in two patients by the dermatologic outpatient clinic of the Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital (UFRJ) and the Antonio Pedro University Hospital (UFF). The first case was a 27-year-old Negro male from the outskirts of Rio de Janeiro, who was injured prior to the onset of the disease in 1988. The affected left foot showed swelling, nodules, sinus tracts, purulent discharge containing grains, and serious bone involvement with lytic lesions. Histological examination showed deeply basophilic stained grains with typical wide-fringed borders. The mycological examination revealed an actinomycete identified as A. madurae by culture. Oral tetracycline for six months did not improve the clinical-radiological picture and the patient was submitted to amputation. The second case was a 70-year-old white male, with previous injury in 1974, which occurred in Pernambuco State. Enlargement of the right foot draining sinuses formation with discharge of pus and grains. In tissue sections the grains were large and surrounded by amorphous eosinophilic clubs radially oriented. There was discrete improvement by tetracycline and sulfonamide. No follow-up.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Foot; Humans; Male; Mycetoma; Nocardia; Nocardia Infections
PubMed: 1342096
DOI: No ID Found -
The Journal of Antibiotics Feb 2004Madurastatins Al (1), A2 (2) and A3 (3), novel pentapeptides that were acylated with salicylic acid at the N-terminus, were isolated from the culture broth of a...
Madurastatins Al (1), A2 (2) and A3 (3), novel pentapeptides that were acylated with salicylic acid at the N-terminus, were isolated from the culture broth of a pathogenic Actinomadura madurae IFM 0745 strain. These structures were mainly determined by 2D NMR and MS/MS spectral techniques. The strain produced simultaneously madurastatins B1 (4) and B2 (5) consisting of Ser and salicylic acid moieties. Compounds 1 and 4 had an antibacterial activity against Micrococcus luteus, indicating that the presence of the aziridine ring is essential for such activity. Because 1 has a strong affinity with ferric ion due to the presence of two hydroxamic acids and a salicylic acid, it is considered to be a siderophore that is a low molecular weight iron chelater. The production of siderophores may be one of the characteristics of pathogenic microorganisms.
Topics: Actinobacteria; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry, Physical; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Fermentation; Ferric Compounds; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Molecular Conformation; Molecular Weight; Oligopeptides; Salicylates; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; Spectrometry, Mass, Fast Atom Bombardment; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet
PubMed: 15112961
DOI: 10.7164/antibiotics.57.125 -
Archives of Dermatology Oct 2010
Topics: Actinobacteria; Female; Foot Dermatoses; Humans; Mycetoma; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious; Young Adult
PubMed: 20956671
DOI: 10.1001/archdermatol.2010.296 -
Clinical Imaging 2003We report a rare case of actinomycetoma of the foot (madura foot) due to Actinomadura madurae in a patient living in a Temperate Zone country. Plain radiographs and MRI...
We report a rare case of actinomycetoma of the foot (madura foot) due to Actinomadura madurae in a patient living in a Temperate Zone country. Plain radiographs and MRI imaging were useful in establishing the diagnosis.
Topics: Actinomycetales Infections; Adult; Chronic Disease; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Mycetoma; Osteomyelitis; Radiography
PubMed: 12823917
DOI: 10.1016/s0899-7071(02)00502-8 -
Revista Medica de Chile Nov 2008Mycetoma is a chronic infection that affects skin, subcutaneous tissue and bone. Its etiology can be mycotic or bacterial. It affects mainly the lower extremities of...
Mycetoma is a chronic infection that affects skin, subcutaneous tissue and bone. Its etiology can be mycotic or bacterial. It affects mainly the lower extremities of middle age men living in tropical climates. We report a 44-year-old male living in a template zone, consulting for swelling and pain in the left foot, lasting for 10 years. Physical examination showed a swollen left foot with hyperpigmented skin and a few crusted papules. Radiology showed an extensive bone involvement of the midfoot with several oval and radiolucid images. Magnetic resonance showed soft and bone tissue involvement, with multiple oval and low intensity images in T1 and T2. The biopsy was compatible with an unspecific chronic osteomyelitis. A bacterial identiFcation by polymerase chain reaction and sequencing in the biopsy determined the presence of an Actinomadumra madurae. Treatment with cotrimaxazol was started.
Topics: Actinomycetales; Adult; Anti-Infective Agents; Foot Dermatoses; Humans; Male; Mycetoma; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination
PubMed: 19301776
DOI: 10.4067/s0034-98872008001100011 -
Journal of Clinical Microbiology Apr 1992Actinomadura madurae is an aerobic actinomycete which is best known worldwide as the cause of actinomycotic mycetomas. It has not previously been reported to have caused...
Actinomadura madurae is an aerobic actinomycete which is best known worldwide as the cause of actinomycotic mycetomas. It has not previously been reported to have caused invasive pulmonary or disseminated infection in humans. We describe an AIDS patient with opportunistic A. madurae-induced pneumonia and bacteremia. The isolate from the patient's blood was subjected to dilutional antimicrobial susceptibility tests with 12 antimicrobial agents and was found to have a wide spectrum of susceptibility. This unusual microorganism may be a cause of infections in severely immunosuppressed patients.
Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Actinomycetales; Actinomycetales Infections; Adult; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Fungemia; HIV-1; Humans; Male; Opportunistic Infections; Pneumonia
PubMed: 1572956
DOI: 10.1128/jcm.30.4.1008-1010.1992 -
Journal of the American Chemical Society Oct 2007The biosynthetic gene cluster for the enediyne antitumor antibiotic maduropeptin (MDP) from Actinomadura madurae ATCC 39144 was cloned and sequenced. Cloning of the mdp...
The biosynthetic gene cluster for the enediyne antitumor antibiotic maduropeptin (MDP) from Actinomadura madurae ATCC 39144 was cloned and sequenced. Cloning of the mdp gene cluster was confirmed by heterologous complementation of enediyne polyketide synthase (PKS) mutants from the C-1027 producer Streptomyces globisporus and the neocarzinostatin producer Streptomyces carzinostaticus using the MDP enediyne PKS and associated genes. Furthermore, MDP was produced, and its apoprotein was isolated and N-terminal sequenced; the encoding gene, mdpA, was found to reside within the cluster. The biosynthesis of MDP is highlighted by two iterative type I PKSs--the enediyne PKS and a 6-methylsalicylic acid PKS; generation of (S)-3-(2-chloro-3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-hydroxypropionic acid derived from L-alpha-tyrosine; a unique type of enediyne apoprotein; and a convergent biosynthetic approach to the final MDP chromophore. The results demonstrate a platform for engineering new enediynes by combinatorial biosynthesis and establish a unified paradigm for the biosynthesis of enediyne polyketides.
Topics: Actinomycetales; Amino Sugars; Apoproteins; Bacterial Proteins; Cloning, Molecular; Enediynes; Molecular Structure; Multigene Family; Open Reading Frames; Phenols; Propionates
PubMed: 17918933
DOI: 10.1021/ja073275o -
Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy Dec 2009Mycetoma is a chronic, degenerative, and incapacitating infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissue. (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Development and characterization of a transdermal patch and an emulgel containing kanamycin intended to be used in the treatment of mycetoma caused by Actinomadura madurae.
BACKGROUND
Mycetoma is a chronic, degenerative, and incapacitating infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissue.
AIM
This study focuses on developing a kanamycin-based auxiliary system intended to be used in the treatment of mycetoma caused by Actinomadura madurae.
METHODS
Transdermal patches (with two different formulations: one with free kanamycin [K] and the other one with kanamycin adsorbed in silica [K-SG]) and an emulgel were developed. Both patches were prepared by the casting-evaporation technique. To characterize them, differential scanning calorimetry, bioadhesion, post-moisture detachment, strength and rupture distance, gas exchange, water uptake, and dissolution studies were carried out. The emulgel (containing 0.57% of kanamycin) was prepared from an oil-in-water emulsion, which was then incorporated to a gel.
RESULTS
the patches with the best characteristics contained 22.9% of silica and 14.6% of kanamycin. Dissolution studies indicated that 8.8% of kanamycin released from K and 3.2% from K-SG at 24h. The emulgel containing 0.57% of kanamycin showed good technological characteristics for its application to the skin (viscosity, 44.9 +/- 1.4 poises; pH, 6.9 +/- 0.4; and penetrability, 52.7 +/- 5.1).
CONCLUSIONS
The optimal patches were those containing 15.9% of freely dispersed kanamycin (K) and 14.6% of kanamycin adsorbed in silica (K-SG), which corresponds to the batch 2-0.8. The assessments performed to both pharmaceutical forms (patches and emulgel) show that they have the adequate technological characteristics for being used as an auxiliary in the treatment of actinomycetoma caused by A. madurae.
Topics: Actinomycetales; Administration, Cutaneous; Calorimetry, Differential Scanning; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; Delayed-Action Preparations; Dosage Forms; Female; Gases; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kanamycin; Mechanical Phenomena; Mycetoma; Silica Gel; Silicon Dioxide; Skin; Temperature; Water; Young Adult
PubMed: 19929211
DOI: 10.3109/03639040903037215 -
Mycopathologia Jul 1988A case of mycetoma, with abscess-like lesions which appeared on the right forearm of a 43-year-old male, is briefly reported. A few whitish granules were detected in the...
A case of mycetoma, with abscess-like lesions which appeared on the right forearm of a 43-year-old male, is briefly reported. A few whitish granules were detected in the oily-like discharge, the same as in the histologic examination. No bone involvement was discovered in X-ray examination. Actinomadura was identified in the culture. A daily dose of 4 g bactrin brought significant improvement to the patients continuing the treatment.
Topics: Adult; Forearm; Humans; Israel; Male; Mycetoma
PubMed: 3173471
DOI: 10.1007/BF00437222