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International Journal of Systematic and... Jul 2002A hitherto undescribed Actinomyces-like bacterium was isolated from the vagina of a dog. Biochemical testing and PAGE analysis of whole-cell proteins indicated that the...
A hitherto undescribed Actinomyces-like bacterium was isolated from the vagina of a dog. Biochemical testing and PAGE analysis of whole-cell proteins indicated that the isolate was phenotypically different from previously described Actinomyces species and related taxa. Sequencing of 165 rRNA showed that the unknown bacterium was distinct from all currently known Actinomyces species. Phylogenetically, the unidentified organism displayed a specific association with Actinomyces europaeus, but a sequence divergence of > 5% demonstrated that it represents a distinct species. Based on both phenotypic and 165 rRNA sequence considerations, it is proposed that the unknown strain from a dog be classified as a novel species, Actinomyces coleocanis sp. nov. The type strain is CCUG 41708T (= CIP 106873T).
Topics: Actinomyces; Animals; Bacterial Typing Techniques; DNA, Ribosomal; Dogs; Female; Genes, rRNA; Molecular Sequence Data; Phenotype; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Vagina
PubMed: 12148628
DOI: 10.1099/00207713-52-4-1201 -
Ceska Gynekologie 2018To summarize knowledge about the mana-gement in women with proven actinomyces in uterine cervix and inserted intrauterine device (IUD). (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
To summarize knowledge about the mana-gement in women with proven actinomyces in uterine cervix and inserted intrauterine device (IUD).
DESIGN
An overall review.
RESULTS
Actinomycosis is an uncommon but important subacute or chronic infection caused by anaerobic or microaerophilic bacteria, mainly within the Actinomyces genus. Actinomycosis can affect various organs and tissues in the human body, often manifesting draining sinuses, abscess formation and fibrosis. The pelvic form in women is the most common in the developed countries. Long-duration treatment with antibiotics can be completely effective even in cases of heavy disease. Although pelvic actinomycosis is predominantly associated with the longstanding use of intrauterine device, the risk of future symptomatic infection is extremly low even in women with a cervical Pap smear positive for actinomyces-like organisms (ALO). Therefore the identification of actinomycetes by cytology after cervical Pap smears is not diagnostic nor predictive of any disease because the actinomycetes normally reside in the female genital tract. In the absence of symptoms, patients with ALO on a Pap test do not need antimicrobial treatment or IUD removal. Nevertheless, women choosing an IUD for contraception should know that there is very low risk of developing the infection in later years after insertion.
CONCLUSION
The sources of literature conclude that removal of the intrauterine device in a patients with a positive ALO in the uterine cervix is not necessary and antibiotics treatment is not required. However, IUD must be changed at least every five years in order to limit the risk of the development of pelvic actinomycosis.
Topics: Actinomyces; Actinomycosis; Carrier State; Cervix Uteri; Female; Humans; Intrauterine Devices; Vaginal Smears
PubMed: 30848144
DOI: No ID Found -
International Journal of Systematic and... Aug 2012Two Gram-positive, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming bacteria were isolated from the oral cavities of two dogs. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities both...
Two Gram-positive, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming bacteria were isolated from the oral cavities of two dogs. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities both strains were shown to belong to the genus Actinomyces and were most closely related to Actinomyces bovis (97.3% and 97.5%, respectively). The polyamine profile of the two isolates and Actinomyces bovis DSM 43014(T) was composed of spermidine and spermine as the major components. Menaquinone MK-9 was the major compound in the quinone system of the two strains and Actinomyces bovis. The polar lipid profiles of strains 2298(T) and 4321 were almost identical, containing diphosphatidylglycerol as the major compound, and moderate to trace amounts of phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylinositol-mannoside, phosphatidylglycerol and several unidentified lipids. A highly similar polar lipid profile was detected in Actinomyces bovis DSM 43014(T) supporting the affiliation of strains 2298(T) and 4321 to the genus Actinomyces. The typical major fatty acids were C(16:0), C(18:0) and C(18:1)ω9c. Fatty acids C(14:0) and C(18:2)ω6,9c were found in minor amounts. The results of physiological and biochemical analyses revealed clear differences between both strains and the most closely related species of the genus Actinomyces. Thus, strains 2298(T) and 4321 represent a novel species, for which the name Actinomyces weissii sp. nov., is proposed, with strain 2298(T) ( = CIP 110333(T) = LMG 26472(T) = CCM 7951(T) = CCUG 61299(T)) as the type strain.
Topics: Actinomyces; Animals; Bacterial Typing Techniques; DNA, Bacterial; Dogs; Fatty Acids; Molecular Sequence Data; Phospholipids; Phylogeny; Polyamines; Quinones; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA
PubMed: 21948094
DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.035626-0 -
International Journal of Systematic... Jul 1997Ten strains of a hitherto undescribed catalase-negative, facultatively anaerobic, coryneform bacterium were isolated or collected by workers at three European clinical...
Ten strains of a hitherto undescribed catalase-negative, facultatively anaerobic, coryneform bacterium were isolated or collected by workers at three European clinical bacteriology laboratories or reference centers. These strains were isolated from humans, and most came from abscess material. Biochemical and chemotaxonomic characterization revealed that the strains belonged to the genus Actinomyces. The phenotypic features of the 10 strains were incompatible with the descriptions of the previously established Actinomyces species. A comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis demonstrated that the previously undescribed strains constitute a new line in the genus Actinomyces. The name Actinomyces europaeus sp. nov. is proposed for these clinical isolates. The type strain is CCUG 32789A.
Topics: Actinomyces; Actinomycosis; Adult; Bacterial Proteins; Fatty Acids; Female; Fermentation; Humans; Male; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Middle Aged; Molecular Sequence Data; Penicillins; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
PubMed: 9226901
DOI: 10.1099/00207713-47-3-687 -
Journal of Microbiological Methods Feb 2015Actinomyces naeslundii is an early colonizer with important roles in the development of the oral biofilm. The effects of butyric acid, one of short chain fatty acids in...
Actinomyces naeslundii is an early colonizer with important roles in the development of the oral biofilm. The effects of butyric acid, one of short chain fatty acids in A. naeslundii biofilm formation was observed using a flow cell system with Tryptic soy broth without dextrose and with 0.25% sucrose (TSB sucrose). Significant biofilms were established involving live and dead cells in TSB sucrose with 60mM butyric acid but not in concentrations of 6, 30, 40, and 50mM. Biofilm formation failed in 60mM sodium butyrate but biofilm level in 60mM sodium butyrate (pH4.7) adjusted with hydrochloric acid as 60mM butyric media (pH4.7) was similar to biofilm levels in 60mM butyric acid. Therefore, butyric acid and low pH are required for significant biofilm formation in the flow cell. To determine the mechanism of biofilm formation, we investigated initial A. naeslundii colonization in various conditions and effects of anti-GroEL antibody. The initial colonization was observed in the 60mM butyric acid condition and anti-GroEL antibody inhibited the initial colonization. In conclusion, we established a new biofilm formation model in which butyric acid induces GroEL-dependent initial colonization of A. naeslundii resulting in significant biofilm formation in a flow system.
Topics: Actinomyces; Bacterial Adhesion; Biofilms; Butyric Acid; Chaperonin 60; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
PubMed: 25555820
DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2014.12.021 -
Caries Research 2003Very limited molecular epidemiological data are available on the role of Actinomyces spp. in the pathogenesis of caries in the primary dentition. Therefore, we...
Very limited molecular epidemiological data are available on the role of Actinomyces spp. in the pathogenesis of caries in the primary dentition. Therefore, we investigated their distribution in supragingival plaque of ethnic Chinese preschool children from Singapore and Hong Kong, either with or without active caries. Plaque samples were taken from intact interproximal enamel areas using dental floss. Bacterial genomic DNA of each sample was extracted and variable regions of 16S ribosomal DNA amplified and labelled with digoxigenin. Oligonucleotide probes specific for Actinomyces bovis, Actinomyces gerencseriae, Actinomyces israelii, Actinomyces meyeri, Actinomyces odontolyticus, catalase-negative Actinomyces naeslundii (genospecies 1 and 2) and catalase-positive Actinomyces naeslundii genospecies 2 (previously Actinomyces viscosus serotype II) were used to detect these species using Southern hybridization with a Minislot and Miniblotter system. A. odontolyticus, A. gerencseriae and A. meyeri were detected with similar frequency in both Singapore and Hong Kong samples or in those with and without active caries. However, the prevalence of A. naeslundii was significantly different in the two locales (p<0.05). A. odontolyticus (88.7%), A. gerencseriae (56.6%) and A. naeslundii (50.9%) were detected in a majority of the samples and the positive hybridization signals of A. gerencseriae in the caries-active group were stronger than from the caries-free group. A. bovis and A. israelii were undetectable in any of the samples. These data imply that A. odontolyticus, A. naeslundii and A. gerencseriae may play an important role in supragingival plaque formation on primary teeth in ethnic Chinese, with others such as A. meyeri contributing.
Topics: Actinomyces; Actinomyces viscosus; Blotting, Southern; Child, Preschool; China; Dental Caries; Dental Enamel; Dental Plaque; Hong Kong; Humans; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Serotyping; Singapore; Tooth, Deciduous
PubMed: 12925831
DOI: 10.1159/000072172 -
Microbiology (Reading, England) Aug 2020
Topics: Actinomyces; Biofilms; Extracellular Vesicles; Humans; Lipoproteins; Microbiology; Periodicals as Topic; Quorum Sensing
PubMed: 32854815
DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.000969 -
International Journal of Systematic and... Jan 2005A previously undescribed filamentous, beaded, Gram-positive, rod-shaped bacterium was isolated from pus of a human dental abscess. Based on its cellular morphology and...
A previously undescribed filamentous, beaded, Gram-positive, rod-shaped bacterium was isolated from pus of a human dental abscess. Based on its cellular morphology and the results of biochemical testing the organism was tentatively identified as a member of the genus Actinomyces, but it did not correspond to any currently recognized species of this genus. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing studies showed the bacterium represents a distinct subline within the genus Actinomyces, clustering within a group of species that includes Actinomyces bovis, the type species of the genus. Sequence divergence values of >8 % with other recognized species within this phylogenetic group clearly demonstrated that the organism represents a hitherto unknown species. Based on biochemical and molecular phylogenetic evidence, it is proposed that the unidentified organism recovered from a dental abscess be classified as a novel species, Actinomyces dentalis sp. nov. The type strain is R18165T (=CCUG 48064T=CIP 108337T).
Topics: Abscess; Actinomyces; Actinomycosis; Aged; Bacterial Typing Techniques; DNA, Bacterial; DNA, Ribosomal; Female; Genes, rRNA; Humans; Molecular Sequence Data; Phenotype; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Tooth Diseases
PubMed: 15653913
DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.63376-0 -
International Journal of Systematic and... Jul 2010A coryneform bacterium (strain 1094(T)) was isolated from a wound swab taken from an 89-year-old female patient. Chemotaxonomic investigations suggested that this...
A coryneform bacterium (strain 1094(T)) was isolated from a wound swab taken from an 89-year-old female patient. Chemotaxonomic investigations suggested that this bacterium was related to the genera Actinomyces, Arcanobacterium and Actinobaculum. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain 1094(T) was most closely related to Actinomyces europaeus CCUG 32789 A(T) (94.3 % similarity). Phenotypically, the isolate could be separated from its closest phylogenetic neighbours on the basis of being positive for catalase, CAMP reaction, acid phosphatase, N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase and raffinose fermentation. Based on the data presented, it is proposed that strain 1094(T) should be classified in a novel species, Actinomyces hominis sp. nov. The type strain is 1094(T) (=CCUG 57540(T) =DSM 22168(T)).
Topics: Actinomyces; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Base Sequence; Female; Humans; Molecular Sequence Data; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Wounds and Injuries
PubMed: 19734287
DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.015818-0 -
International Journal of Systematic and... Jul 2001An unusual Actinomyces-like bacterium originating from a pig with mastitis was subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic investigation. The morphological and biochemical...
An unusual Actinomyces-like bacterium originating from a pig with mastitis was subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic investigation. The morphological and biochemical characteristics of the organism were consistent with its preliminary assignment to the genus Actinomyces but it did not appear to correspond to any recognized species. PAGE analysis of whole-cell proteins confirmed the phenotypic distinctiveness of the bacterium and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis demonstrated that it represents a hitherto unknown sub-line amongst a cluster of Actinomyces species which embraces Actinomyces canis, Actinomyces georgiae, Actinomyces hyovaginalis, Actinomyces meyeri, Actinomyces odontolyticus, Actinomyces radingae and Actinomyces turicensis. Based on phylogenetic and phenotypic evidence, it is proposed that the unknown bacterium isolated from pig mastitis be classified as Actinomyces suimastitidis sp. nov. The type strain of Actinomyces suimastitidis is CCUG 39279T (= CIP 106779T).
Topics: Actinomyces; Actinomycosis; Animals; DNA, Bacterial; DNA, Ribosomal; Female; Mastitis; Molecular Sequence Data; Phenotype; Phylogeny; Swine; Swine Diseases; Terminology as Topic
PubMed: 11491328
DOI: 10.1099/00207713-51-4-1323