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Veterinary Microbiology Jun 2012Actinomyces hyovaginalis, an organism initially described from pigs, was recovered from nine sheep and a moufflon. Further strains of A. hyovaginalis were recovered from... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Actinomyces hyovaginalis, an organism initially described from pigs, was recovered from nine sheep and a moufflon. Further strains of A. hyovaginalis were recovered from five samples from pigs over the same period. 16S rRNA sequencing and extensive phenotyping demonstrated high similarity between the ovine and porcine isolates; however differences with respect to erythritol, adonitol and l-arabitol fermentation were detected. Ovine isolates were made from various sample sites including abscesses and highlight the importance of the accurate identification of the various coryneform isolates which affect sheep. A. hyovaginalis can be added to the growing list of coryneforms which can cause disease in sheep including Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, Trueperella pyogenes and Arcanobacterium pluranimalium.
Topics: Actinomyces; Animals; DNA, Bacterial; Phenotype; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Sheep; Sheep Diseases; Sheep, Domestic; Swine; Swine Diseases
PubMed: 22266161
DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2012.01.003 -
International Journal of Systematic... Jul 1990DNAs of type strains and representative members of Actinomyces groups from the human periodontal flora and from other habitats were compared by using the S1 nuclease...
Actinomyces georgiae sp. nov., Actinomyces gerencseriae sp. nov., designation of two genospecies of Actinomyces naeslundii, and inclusion of A. naeslundii serotypes II and III and Actinomyces viscosus serotype II in A. naeslundii genospecies 2.
DNAs of type strains and representative members of Actinomyces groups from the human periodontal flora and from other habitats were compared by using the S1 nuclease procedure to determine their genetic relatedness. One rather common group from the human periodontal flora, previously called "Actinomyces D08," is phenotypically distinct from, and genetically unrelated to, previously described species. We propose the name of Actinomyces georgiae for this organism; the type strain is strain ATCC 49285. Another common group from the human periodontal flora is Actinomyces israelii serotype II, which was found genetically distinct from the type strain of A. israelii (serotype I) and from other previously described species of Actinomyces. We propose the name Actinomyces gerencseriae for this organism; the type strain is strain ATCC 23860. A. naeslundii serotype I strains were distinct from the other strains studied. A separate genospecies which included strains of A. naeslundii serotypes II and III and A. viscosus serotype II was delineated. Strains of Actinomyces serotype WVA 963 constitute an additional distinct genospecies. Because there are no reliable phenotypic tests, other than serological analyses, to differentiate Actinomyces serotype WVA 963 and the two genospecies of A. naeslundii, no taxonomic changes are proposed for these three genospecies.
Topics: Actinomyces; DNA, Bacterial; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Serotyping
PubMed: 2397195
DOI: 10.1099/00207713-40-3-273 -
Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton,... 2016Sortase is a cysteine-transpeptidase that anchors LPXTG-containing proteins on the Gram-positive bacterial cell wall. Previously, sortase was considered to be an...
Sortase is a cysteine-transpeptidase that anchors LPXTG-containing proteins on the Gram-positive bacterial cell wall. Previously, sortase was considered to be an important factor for bacterial pathogenesis and fitness, but not cell growth. However, the Actinomyces oris sortase is essential for cell viability, due to its coupling to a glycosylation pathway. In this chapter, we describe the methods to generate conditional srtA deletion mutants and identify srtA suppressors by Tn5 transposon mutagenesis. We also provide procedures for analyzing cell morphology of this mutant by thin-section electron microscopy. These techniques can be applied for analyses of other essential genes in A. oris.
Topics: Actinomyces; Aminoacyltransferases; Bacterial Proteins; Cysteine Endopeptidases; DNA Transposable Elements; Gene Deletion; Genes, Essential; Heat-Shock Proteins
PubMed: 27311668
DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-3676-2_9 -
Infection and Immunity Apr 1989Strains representing taxonomic clusters of Actinomyces viscosus and Actinomyces naeslundii were studied by indirect immunogold electron microscopy with either...
Strains representing taxonomic clusters of Actinomyces viscosus and Actinomyces naeslundii were studied by indirect immunogold electron microscopy with either monospecific anti-type 1 and anti-type 2 rabbit antibodies or species-specific monoclonal antibodies. The monoclonal and anti-type 2 antibodies localized on long fibrils, whereas the anti-type 1 antibodies mostly localized close to the cell body or on shorter appendages.
Topics: Actinomyces; Animals; Antibodies, Bacterial; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antigens, Bacterial; Fimbriae, Bacterial; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Microscopy, Electron; Rabbits
PubMed: 2564376
DOI: 10.1128/iai.57.4.1327-1331.1989 -
Journal of Clinical Microbiology Nov 2001Recent advancements in chemotaxonomic and molecular biology-based identification methods have clarified the taxonomy of the genus Actinomyces and have led to the...
Recent advancements in chemotaxonomic and molecular biology-based identification methods have clarified the taxonomy of the genus Actinomyces and have led to the recognition of several new Actinomyces and related species. Actinomyces-like gram-positive rods have increasingly been isolated from various clinical specimens. Thus, an easily accessible scheme for reliable differentiation at the species level is needed in clinical and oral microbiology laboratories, where bacterial identification is mainly based on conventional biochemical methods. In the present study we designed a two-step protocol that consists of a flowchart that describes rapid, cost-efficient tests for preliminary identification of Actinomyces and closely related species and an updated more comprehensive scheme that also uses fermentation reactions for accurate differentiation of Actinomyces and closely related species.
Topics: Actinomyces; Actinomycetales Infections; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Enzymes; Fermentation; Humans; Hydrolysis; Phenotype; Reagent Kits, Diagnostic
PubMed: 11682514
DOI: 10.1128/JCM.39.11.3955-3961.2001 -
Letters in Applied Microbiology Feb 1995In a previous study the authors reported the characterization of some facultatively anaerobic, Gram-positive, non-sporeforming rods which were found in mixed cultures...
In a previous study the authors reported the characterization of some facultatively anaerobic, Gram-positive, non-sporeforming rods which were found in mixed cultures from various infectious processes, including patients with otitis, empyema, perianal abscesses and decubitus ulcers. Phenotypically these organisms closely resembled Actinomyces pyogenes although their precise taxonomic position remained unknown. In the present investigation the authors have determined the 16S rRNA gene sequences of some representative strains of the Actinomyces pyogenes-like bacteria and report the results of a comparative sequence analysis. On the basis of the results of the present and earlier findings two new Actinomyces species, Actinomyces radingae sp. nov. and Actinomyces turicensis sp. nov. are proposed. The type strains are DSM 9169T and DSM 9168T, respectively.
Topics: Actinomyces; Amino Acid Sequence; Fatty Acids; Molecular Sequence Data; RNA, Bacterial; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, RNA; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; Species Specificity
PubMed: 7534464
DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765x.1995.tb01290.x -
Applied Microbiology Sep 1969The repeated isolation of Actinomyces naeslundii from clinical materials associated with disease led to a comparison of isolates from the normal mouth with isolates from...
The repeated isolation of Actinomyces naeslundii from clinical materials associated with disease led to a comparison of isolates from the normal mouth with isolates from pathological clinical materials not from the mouth area. No important differences were observed between the isolates from these two sources. A human case of empyema of the gall bladder, apparently due to A. naeslundii, is described.
Topics: Actinomyces; Actinomycosis; Aged; Carbohydrate Metabolism; Carbon Dioxide; Culture Media; Empyema; Female; Fermentation; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; Gallbladder Diseases; Humans; Mouth; Oxygen; Serotyping
PubMed: 4907004
DOI: 10.1128/am.18.3.420-426.1969 -
Oral Microbiology and Immunology Aug 1999Oral Actinomyces comprise a major segment of both the supra- and subgingival microbiota; however, little is known about the distribution of individual species in...
Oral Actinomyces comprise a major segment of both the supra- and subgingival microbiota; however, little is known about the distribution of individual species in different sites or clinical conditions. The purpose of the present investigation was to develop DNA probes for suggested species and genotypes of oral Actinomyces. Whole genomic DNA probes to 12 human oral species and/or serotypes were labeled with digoxigenin and used to seek cross-reactions among the taxa using the checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization assay. The Actinomyces formed three distinct groups: 1) Actinomyces georgiae, Actinomyces meyeri and Actinomyces odontolyticus serotypes I and II; 2) Actinomyces viscosus and Actinomyces naeslundii serotypes I, II, III and WVA 963; and 3) Actinomyces gerencseriae and Actinomyces israelii. Cross-reactions among taxa were detected and minimized by increasing the temperature of the post-hybridization high-stringency wash to 80 degrees C. Despite the elevation in high stringency wash temperature, cross-reactions among strains of the A. naeslundii/A. viscosus group persisted. Probes for two of the three currently recognized genospecies in this group were prepared by removing the DNA in common between cross-reacting species using subtraction hybridization and polymerase chain reaction. Nine species and genospecies could be clearly separated by a combination of whole genomic and subtraction hybridization probes and by increasing the high-stringency wash temperature. A total of 195 fresh isolates of Actinomyces were grouped in a blind study using DNA probes and separately by SDS-PAGE protein profiles. Concordance between the two methods was 97.3%. The probes and hybridization conditions were tested for their ability to detect the Actinomyces species and genospecies in samples of supragingival and subgingival plaque from periodontitis subjects using checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization. The probes detected the species in samples of supragingival and subgingival plaque. We concluded that whole genomic and subtraction hybridization DNA probes facilitate the detection and enumeration of species and genospecies of Actinomyces in plaque samples.
Topics: Actinomyces; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Cross Reactions; DNA Probes; DNA, Bacterial; Dental Plaque; Humans; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Periodontium; Species Specificity
PubMed: 10551171
DOI: 10.1034/j.1399-302x.1999.140410.x -
Journal of Clinical Pathology Dec 1984Actinomyces odontolyticus was isolated from genital tract specimens from 4.8% of 561 women fitted with intrauterine contraceptive devices and from 4% of 101 women with...
Actinomyces odontolyticus was isolated from genital tract specimens from 4.8% of 561 women fitted with intrauterine contraceptive devices and from 4% of 101 women with pelvic inflammatory disease and 1.8% of 525 women without pelvic inflammatory disease who were not known to be intrauterine contraceptive device wearers. The strains were isolated by prolonged anaerobic incubation of blood agar, with or without added 5% metronidazole or 1% neomycin. A odontolyticus has not been previously reported in cervico-vaginal specimens, and possible reasons for this are discussed.
Topics: Actinomyces; Cervix Uteri; Female; Humans; Intrauterine Devices; Metronidazole; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Pelvic Inflammatory Disease; Penicillins; Vagina; alpha-L-Fucosidase
PubMed: 6511983
DOI: 10.1136/jcp.37.12.1379 -
Journal of Bacteriology Sep 2012A draft genome sequence of Actinomyces massiliensis, an anaerobic bacterium isolated from a patient's blood culture, is described here. CRISPR-associated proteins,...
A draft genome sequence of Actinomyces massiliensis, an anaerobic bacterium isolated from a patient's blood culture, is described here. CRISPR-associated proteins, insertion sequences, and toxin-antitoxin loci were found on the genome.
Topics: Actinomyces; Actinomycosis; Anaerobiosis; Bacteremia; Bacterial Proteins; Blood; DNA, Bacterial; Genome, Bacterial; Humans; Molecular Sequence Data; Sequence Analysis, DNA
PubMed: 22933754
DOI: 10.1128/JB.01039-12