-
Clinical Microbiology Reviews Apr 2015Actinomyces israelii has long been recognized as a causative agent of actinomycosis. During the past 3 decades, a large number of novel Actinomyces species have been... (Review)
Review
Actinomyces israelii has long been recognized as a causative agent of actinomycosis. During the past 3 decades, a large number of novel Actinomyces species have been described. Their detection and identification in clinical microbiology laboratories and recognition as pathogens in clinical settings can be challenging. With the introduction of advanced molecular methods, knowledge about their clinical relevance is gradually increasing, and the spectrum of diseases associated with Actinomyces and Actinomyces-like organisms is widening accordingly; for example, Actinomyces meyeri, Actinomyces neuii, and Actinomyces turicensis as well as Actinotignum (formerly Actinobaculum) schaalii are emerging as important causes of specific infections at various body sites. In the present review, we have gathered this information to provide a comprehensive and microbiologically consistent overview of the significance of Actinomyces and some closely related taxa in human infections.
Topics: Actinomyces; Actinomycosis; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Classification; Humans; Microbial Sensitivity Tests
PubMed: 25788515
DOI: 10.1128/CMR.00100-14 -
The American Journal of the Medical... Apr 2017
Review
Topics: Actinomyces; Actinomycosis; Biopsy; Blood Sedimentation; C-Reactive Protein; Female; Humans; Low Back Pain; Middle Aged; Osteomyelitis; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms
PubMed: 28317632
DOI: 10.1016/j.amjms.2016.08.017 -
Retinal Cases & Brief ReportsTo describe a case of acute endophthalmitis caused by Actinomyces neuii after intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor injection. (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
To describe a case of acute endophthalmitis caused by Actinomyces neuii after intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor injection.
METHODS
Observational case report, review of published literature.
RESULTS
A 67-year-old white man with wet age-related macular degeneration developed endophthalmitis secondary to A. neuii on the 10th day after intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor injection. Both anterior chamber and vitreous cultures were positive for A. neuii. He was treated successfully with intravitreal injection of vancomycin and ceftazidime.
CONCLUSION
This is the first published report of culture-positive endophthalmitis caused by A. neuii after intravitreal injection.
Topics: Actinomyces; Actinomycosis; Aged; Endophthalmitis; Eye Infections, Bacterial; Humans; Intravitreal Injections; Male; Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor; Recombinant Fusion Proteins; Wet Macular Degeneration
PubMed: 27280342
DOI: 10.1097/ICB.0000000000000345 -
Journal of the Pediatric Infectious... Sep 2015Actinomycetes are Gram-positive bacteria that can be part of the normal human flora of the gastrointestinal, pulmonary, and genital tract. Infections are rare, slowly... (Review)
Review
Actinomycetes are Gram-positive bacteria that can be part of the normal human flora of the gastrointestinal, pulmonary, and genital tract. Infections are rare, slowly progressing and most commonly affect the cervicofacial region. Actinomyces israelii is the most frequently isolated species but a number of other species may cause infection. We report the first postnatally acquired case of an actinomycosis caused by A. neuii in a child. We also provide a systematic review of all published cases of A. neuii infections. In children, there is one case report of a premature infant with perinatally acquired A. neuii sepsis. In adults 21 cases have currently been reported and A. neuii infection was associated with endophthalmitis after eye surgery, foreign material-associated infection and abscess formation in the inguinal, axillary, and mammary area. Our case highlights that a A. neuii infection is also a potential differential diagnosis in children with chronic lymphadenitis.
Topics: Actinomyces; Actinomycosis; Amoxicillin; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cervix Uteri; Chronic Disease; Clavulanic Acid; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Infant; Lymphadenitis
PubMed: 26407440
DOI: 10.1093/jpids/piu096 -
Journal Der Deutschen Dermatologischen... Jul 2022
PubMed: 35881092
DOI: 10.1111/ddg.14739_g -
Infection Apr 2011Actinomyces neuii, a species first described in 1994, has proven to be an exception in this genus on account of its aerobic growth, microscopic morphology (no... (Review)
Review
Actinomyces neuii, a species first described in 1994, has proven to be an exception in this genus on account of its aerobic growth, microscopic morphology (no branching), and the types and location of infections. Abscesses and infected atheromas are the most frequent types of infections, followed by infected skin structures, endophthalmitis, and bacteremias, including endocarditis. They are most likely of endogenous origin. To date, approximately 100 cases have been recorded in the literature. Intra-abdominal and intrathoracic infections, however, have not yet been described, and cases of classical actinomycosis seem to be extremely rare. Prognosis has generally been good with antibiotic and/or surgical treatment. Susceptibility to antibiotics has paralleled that of other Actinomyces spp.
Topics: Abscess; Actinomyces; Actinomycosis; Aerobiosis; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteremia; Debridement; Endocarditis, Bacterial; Endophthalmitis; Humans; Plaque, Atherosclerotic; Skin Diseases, Bacterial
PubMed: 21340579
DOI: 10.1007/s15010-011-0088-6 -
The Canadian Journal of Infectious... 2016Background. Actinomyces neuii is a Gram-positive bacillus rarely implicated in human infections. However, its occurrence is being increasingly recognized with the use of... (Review)
Review
Background. Actinomyces neuii is a Gram-positive bacillus rarely implicated in human infections. However, its occurrence is being increasingly recognized with the use of improved identification systems. Objective. To analyse A. neuii infections in Alberta, Canada, and review the literature regarding this unusual pathogen. Methods. Cases of A. neuii were identified in 2013-2014 in Alberta. Samples were cultured aerobically and anaerobically. A predominant catalase positive Gram-positive coryneform bacillus with no branching was isolated in each case. Testing was initially done with API-CORYNE® (bioMérieux) and isolates were sent to the Provincial Laboratory for Public Health for further testing. Isolates' identities were confirmed by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry microbial identification system (MALDI-TOF MS MIS; bioMérieux) and/or DNA sequencing. Results. Six cases of A. neuii infection were identified. All patients had soft tissue infections; typically, incision and drainage were done followed by a course of antibiotics. Agents used included cephalexin, ertapenem, ciprofloxacin, and clindamycin. All had favourable outcomes. Conclusions. While A. neuii is infrequently recognized, it can cause a diverse array of infections. Increased use of MALDI-TOF MS MIS is leading to increased detection; thus, understanding the pathogenicity of this bacterium and its typical susceptibility profile will aid clinical decision-making.
PubMed: 27366175
DOI: 10.1155/2016/6017605 -
Anaerobe Aug 2022We present the case of a 60-year-old woman with ESRD diagnosed with polymicrobial (PD) catheter-associated peritonitis including Actinomyces neuii treated with catheter... (Review)
Review
We present the case of a 60-year-old woman with ESRD diagnosed with polymicrobial (PD) catheter-associated peritonitis including Actinomyces neuii treated with catheter retention and intraperitoneal antibiotics and a review of eight previously-described cases of PD-catheter-associated Actinomyces peritonitis. While data are limited, catheter retention in such cases may succeed if responding rapidly to therapy.
Topics: Actinomyces; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Catheter-Related Infections; Catheters; Coinfection; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Peritoneal Dialysis; Peritonitis
PubMed: 35690373
DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2022.102602 -
Journal Der Deutschen Dermatologischen... Jul 2022
Topics: Actinomyces; Actinomycosis; Aged; Cysts; Humans
PubMed: 35481930
DOI: 10.1111/ddg.14739 -
Enfermedades Infecciosas Y... Aug 2021
PubMed: 34384601
DOI: 10.1016/j.eimc.2021.06.017