-
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) Oct 2021: species are part of the normal flora of humans and rarely cause disease. It is an uncommon cause of disease in humans. The clinical features of actinomycosis have...
: species are part of the normal flora of humans and rarely cause disease. It is an uncommon cause of disease in humans. The clinical features of actinomycosis have been described, and various anatomical sites (such as face, bones and joints, respiratory tract, genitourinary tract, digestive tract, central nervous system, skin, and soft tissue structures) can be affected. It is not easy to identify actinomycosis because it sometimes mimics cancer due to under-recognition. As new diagnostic methods have been applied, can now more easily be identified at the species level. Recent studies have also highlighted differences among species. We report a case of bacteremia with cutaneous actinomycosis. : A 66 years old male developed fever for a day with progressive right lower-leg erythematous swelling. Blood culture isolates yielded species, which was identified as by sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. In addition, we searched for the term or actinomycosis cross-referenced with bacteremia or "blood culture" or "blood stream" from January 2010 to July 2020. The infectious diseases caused by species of from January 1977 to July 2020 were also reviewed. : The patient recovered well after intravenous ampicillin treatment. Poor oral hygiene was confirmed by dental examination. There were no disease relapses during the following period. Most cases of actinomycosis can be treated with penicillin. However, clinical alertness, risk factor evaluation, and identification of species can prevent inappropriate antibiotic or intervention. We also compiled a total of 18 cases of bacteremia after conducting an online database search. : In summary, we describe a case of fever and progressive cellulitis. species was isolated from blood culture, which was further identified as by 16S rRNA sequencing. The cellulitis improved after pathogen-directed antibiotics. Evaluation of risk factors in patients with bacteremia and further identification of the species are recommended for successful treatment.
Topics: Actinomyces; Actinomyces viscosus; Actinomycosis; Aged; Bacteremia; Humans; Male; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
PubMed: 34684101
DOI: 10.3390/medicina57101064 -
Nefrologia : Publicacion Oficial de La... 2017
PubMed: 28750877
DOI: 10.1016/j.nefro.2017.01.001 -
Frontiers in Bioengineering and... 2022Peri-implantitis is the leading cause of dental implant failure, initially raised by biofilm accumulation on the implant surface. During the development of biofilm, ()...
Peri-implantitis is the leading cause of dental implant failure, initially raised by biofilm accumulation on the implant surface. During the development of biofilm, () plays a pivotal role in initial attachment as well as the bacterial coaggregation of multispecies pathogens. Hence, eliminating the -associated biofilm is fundamental for the regeneration of the lost bone around implants. Whereas clinical evidence indicated that antimicrobials and debridement did not show significant effects on the decontamination of biofilm on the implant surface. In this study, alpha-amylase was investigated for its effects on disassembling biofilm. Then, in order to substantially disperse biofilm under biosafety concentration, D-arginine was employed to appraise its enhancing effects on alpha-amylase. In addition, molecular dynamics simulations and molecular docking were conducted to elucidate the mechanism of D-arginine enhancing alpha-amylase. 0.1-0.5% alpha-amylase showed significant effects on disassembling biofilm, with definite cytotoxicity toward MC3T3-E1 cells meanwhile. Intriguingly, 8 mM D-arginine drastically enhanced the eradication of biofilm biomass by 0.01% alpha-amylase with biosafety in 30 min. The exopolysaccharides of biofilm were also thoroughly hydrolyzed by 0.01% alpha-amylase with 8 mM D-arginine. The biofilm thickness and integrity were disrupted, and the exopolysaccharides among the extracellular matrix were elusive. Molecular dynamics simulations showed that with the hydrogen bonding of D-arginine to the catalytic triad and calcium-binding regions of alpha-amylase, the atom fluctuation of the structure was attenuated. The distances between catalytic triad were shortened, and the calcium-binding regions became more stable. Molecular docking scores revealed that D-arginine facilitated the maltotetraose binding process of alpha-amylase. In conclusion, these results demonstrate that D-arginine enhances the disassembly effects of alpha-amylase on biofilm through potentiating the catalytic triad and stabilizing the calcium-binding regions, thus providing a novel strategy for the decontamination of biofilm contaminated implant surface.
PubMed: 35309977
DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.864012 -
Lancet (London, England) Mar 1972
Topics: Actinomyces; Actinomycosis; Adult; Humans; Lung Diseases; Male; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary
PubMed: 4110339
DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(72)90452-7 -
Respiratory Medicine Case Reports 2018Actinomycosis is an uncommon infectious disease caused predominantly by Actinomyces israelii. Actinomycosis usually involves the cervicofacial, thoracic, abdominal, and...
Actinomycosis is an uncommon infectious disease caused predominantly by Actinomyces israelii. Actinomycosis usually involves the cervicofacial, thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic region, dissemination is uncommon. Actinomyces viscosus are commensal organisms that make up the normal flora of the oropharynx of humans and has rarely been reported to cause disease. Here, we report a unique case of disseminated actinomycosis with lung and brain lesions caused by Actinomyces viscosus resembling lung cancer with metastasis in a 74 year old male. Cultures from skin lesions confirmed A. viscosus. Although the patient was immunocompromised, antibiotic treatment with a penicillin-based regimen was effective.
PubMed: 30181949
DOI: 10.1016/j.rmcr.2018.08.009 -
Journal of the American Animal Hospital... 1995A five-month-old, male Brazilian fila presented with a three-day history of a focal swelling in the left superior palpebra and a focal, subcutaneous swelling over the... (Review)
Review
A five-month-old, male Brazilian fila presented with a three-day history of a focal swelling in the left superior palpebra and a focal, subcutaneous swelling over the dorsal cervical region. Both lesions initially responded to warm compresses and a two-week course of oral amoxicillin-clavulanic acid therapy. The eyelid swelling recurred after discontinuation of the oral antibiotic therapy. The lesion was progressive and was refractory to trimethoprim-sulfadiazine therapy. Culture and sensitivity performed from a surgical biopsy sample of the eyelid mass identified Actinomyces viscosus and other bacterial genera. A combination of surgical debulkment, Penrose drain placement, and a one-month course of oral oxacillin therapy has resulted in clinical regression of the lesion at a six-month postoperative evaluation.
Topics: Actinomyces viscosus; Actinomycosis; Administration, Oral; Amoxicillin; Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination; Animals; Biopsy, Needle; Clavulanic Acids; Debridement; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Drainage; Drug Therapy, Combination; Eyelid Diseases; Eyelids; Face; Male; Oxacillin; Penicillins
PubMed: 8581545
DOI: 10.5326/15473317-31-6-501 -
Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious... Jun 1999Endophthalmitis, attributable to Actinomyces viscosus, developed in a 78-year-old man after cataract surgery. Postoperative endophthalmitis with this organism is a rare...
Endophthalmitis, attributable to Actinomyces viscosus, developed in a 78-year-old man after cataract surgery. Postoperative endophthalmitis with this organism is a rare occurrence. This report emphasizes the importance of the Actinomyces species as potential eye pathogens and presents antimicrobial susceptibility data for the isolate.
Topics: Actinomyces viscosus; Actinomycosis; Aged; Cataract Extraction; Endophthalmitis; Eye Infections, Bacterial; Humans; Male; Postoperative Complications
PubMed: 10354861
DOI: 10.1016/s0732-8893(99)00009-7 -
Microbiology Spectrum Aug 2022The cross-kingdom interactions between Candida albicans and Actinomyces viscosus play critical roles in root caries. However, the key pathway by which C. albicans...
The cross-kingdom interactions between Candida albicans and Actinomyces viscosus play critical roles in root caries. However, the key pathway by which C. albicans regulates its interactions with A. viscosus is unclear. Here, we first employed 39 volunteers with root caries and 37 caries-free volunteers, and found that the abundances of C. albicans and A. viscosus were significantly increased in the individuals with root caries and showed a strong positive correlation. Their dual-species combination synergistically promoted biofilm formation and root caries in rats. The arginine biosynthesis pathway of C. albicans was significantly upregulated in dual-species biofilms and dental plaques from another 10 root caries volunteers compared with the 10 caries-free volunteers. The exogenous addition of arginine increased the cariogenicity of the dual-species biofilm. The C. albicans , a key gene from the arginine biosynthesis pathway, null mutant failed to promote dual-species biofilm formation and root caries in rats; however, the addition of arginine restored its synergistic actions with A. viscosus. Our results identified the critical roles of the C. albicans arginine biosynthesis pathway in its cross-kingdom interactions with A. viscosus for the first time and indicated that targeting this pathway was a practical way to treat root caries caused by multiple species. Root caries is a critical problem that threatens the oral health of the elderly population. Our results identified the essential roles of the C. albicans arginine biosynthesis pathway in its cross-kingdom interactions with A. viscosus in root caries for the first time and indicated that targeting this pathway was a practical way to treat root caries caused by multiple species.
Topics: Actinomyces viscosus; Aged; Animals; Arginine; Biofilms; Candida albicans; Dental Caries; Humans; Rats; Root Caries
PubMed: 35862976
DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00782-22 -
Journal of Clinical Microbiology Oct 1975A medium for detecting colonies of Actinomyces viscosus and Actinomyces naeslundii in dental plaque samples was developed. The medium (CNAC-20) contains 20.0 mug of...
A medium for detecting colonies of Actinomyces viscosus and Actinomyces naeslundii in dental plaque samples was developed. The medium (CNAC-20) contains 20.0 mug of 3CdSO4-8H2O per ml of Columbia CNA agar base. Laboratory strains of A. viscosus grew on CNAC-20 in characteristic round, white, smooth, opaque colonies. Increasing the cadmium concentration impaired the growth of some A. viscosus strains. Stock strains of A. naeslundii and A. israelii grew in colonies of similar white, opaque morphology. The few strains of other gram-positive plaque bacteria that grew on CNAC-20 had colonies easily distinguished from those of A. viscosus. Most of the bacterial strains freshly isolated from Actinomyces-like colonies on CNAC-20 that had been inoculated with human dental plaque samples were found to have cultural characteristics consistent with previous descriptions of A. viscosus or A. naeslundii. CNAC-20 may facilitate investigations into the relationship of microaerophilic Actinomyces with the etiology of dental diseases.
Topics: Actinomyces; Actinomycetaceae; Cadmium; Culture Media; Dental Plaque; Humans; Lactobacillus; Periodontal Diseases; Streptococcus
PubMed: 1184734
DOI: 10.1128/jcm.2.4.305-310.1975 -
Southern Medical Journal Feb 2001We report a case of endocarditis caused by Actinomyces viscosus in a previously healthy young adult with no known identifiable portal of entry. Infective endocarditis... (Review)
Review
We report a case of endocarditis caused by Actinomyces viscosus in a previously healthy young adult with no known identifiable portal of entry. Infective endocarditis caused by A viscosus is uncommon; two cases of endocarditis caused by this species have been previously reported. Primary actinomycotic endocarditis has been previously reviewed in 1993; we provide a review of additional cases since that report. In comparing our case with the other reported cases, we found that actinomycotic endocarditis (1) occurs in a wide spectrum of age, (2) affects primarily males, (3) has a high propensity for systemic embolization, and (4) has involved only native heart valves. The disease is manifested by the typical signs and symptoms of infective endocarditis and is curable with long-term penicillin therapy. The use of echocardiography in the diagnosis of endocarditis, techniques for improving the microbiologic diagnosis of endocarditis, and current indications for surgical intervention are discussed.
Topics: Actinomyces viscosus; Actinomycosis; Adult; Endocarditis, Bacterial; Humans; Immunocompetence; Male; Penicillins
PubMed: 11235043
DOI: No ID Found