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PloS One 2018Burden of disease studies intend to improve public health decision-making and to measure social and economic impact in population. The objective of this study was to...
BACKGROUND
Burden of disease studies intend to improve public health decision-making and to measure social and economic impact in population. The objective of this study was to describe the burden of acute respiratory infections (ARI) in Ecuador between 2011 and 2015.
METHODS
Five-year period morbidity and mortality data available from national agencies of statistics was analyzed to estimate the burden of disease attributable to acute respiratory infections. Cases and deaths registered were grouped according to their ICD-10 code into three diagnostic groups: Acute upper respiratory infections (J00-J06), Influenza and pneumonia (J09-J18), and Bronchitis and other acute lower respiratory infections (J20-J22, J85, J86). Disability-adjusted life years stratified by diagnostic and age group were calculated using the "DALY" package for R. The productivity loss in monetary terms was estimated using the human capital method.
RESULTS
Over the 5-year period studied there were a total of 14.84 million cases of acute respiratory infections, with 17 757 deaths reported (0.12%). The yearly burden of disease ranged between 98 944 to 118 651 disability-adjusted life years, with an estimated average loss of productivity of US$152.16 million (±19.6) per year. Approximately 99% of the burden can be attributed to years life lost due to premature mortality in population under 5 years old and over 60 years-old.
CONCLUSIONS
The burden of acute respiratory infections remained steady during the analyzed period. Evidence-based prevention and control policies to tackle acute respiratory infections in Ecuador should focus on the population at extreme ages of life.
Topics: Acute Disease; Adolescent; Adult; Cause of Death; Child; Child, Preschool; Disabled Persons; Ecuador; Efficiency; Female; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; International Classification of Diseases; Male; Middle Aged; Morbidity; Quality-Adjusted Life Years; Respiratory Tract Infections; Young Adult
PubMed: 29715314
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0196650 -
Psychosomatics 2015Findings from physical disease resilience research may be used to develop approaches to reduce the burden of disease. However, there is no consensus on the definition... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Findings from physical disease resilience research may be used to develop approaches to reduce the burden of disease. However, there is no consensus on the definition and measurement of resilience in the context of physical disease.
OBJECTIVE
The aim was to summarize the range of definitions of physical disease resilience and the approaches taken to study it in studies examining physical disease and its relationship to resilient outcomes.
METHODS
Electronic databases were searched from inception to March 2013 for studies in which physical disease was assessed for its association with resilient outcomes. Article screening, data extraction, and quality assessment were carried out independently by 2 reviewers, with disagreements being resolved by a third reviewer. The results were combined using a narrative technique.
RESULTS
Of 2280 articles, 12 met the inclusion criteria. Of these studies, 1 was of high quality, 9 were of moderate quality, and 2 were low quality. The common findings were that resilience involves maintaining healthy levels of functioning following adversity and that it is a dynamic process not a personality trait. Studies either assessed resilience based on observed outcomes or via resilience measurement scales. They either considered physical disease as an adversity leading to resilience or as a variable modifying the relationship between adversity and resilience.
CONCLUSION
This work begins building consensus as to the approach to take when defining and measuring physical disease resilience. Resilience should be considered as a dynamic process that varies across the life-course and across different domains, therefore the choice of a resilience measure should reflect this.
Topics: Acute Disease; Chronic Disease; Humans; Resilience, Psychological
PubMed: 25620566
DOI: 10.1016/j.psym.2014.10.005 -
Sleep Medicine Clinics Jun 2019The term "acute insomnia" has been part of the language of sleep medicine since the late 1970s. Despite that, a comprehensive research agenda on the topic has only... (Review)
Review
The term "acute insomnia" has been part of the language of sleep medicine since the late 1970s. Despite that, a comprehensive research agenda on the topic has only recently been advanced. This has prevented a clinical viewpoint on the assessment and management of acute insomnia. Although there is a cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia focused intervention, designed to circumvent the transition from acute insomnia to insomnia disorder, the results from trials undertaken have been variable and limited by small sample sizes. There is much work to be done regarding the assessment, diagnosis, and management of acute insomnia.
Topics: Acute Disease; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Humans; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders
PubMed: 31029192
DOI: 10.1016/j.jsmc.2019.01.007 -
Internal Medicine Journal Jan 2019Frailty status is intrinsically related to every aspect of older patients' hospital journeys: the way in which they present to hospital, their health status at... (Review)
Review
Frailty status is intrinsically related to every aspect of older patients' hospital journeys: the way in which they present to hospital, their health status at admission, vulnerability to complications in hospital and rate of recovery after an acute insult. In younger people, hospitalisation is usually the result of a serious illness or injury, such as sepsis or major trauma. Management can be underpinned by evidence-based algorithms relating to the precipitating insult and recovery usually follows a predictable trajectory. In older people who are frail, on the other hand, admission to hospital may be triggered by an illness that may seem minor, such as a viral infection, which causes a geriatric syndrome. A fall or delirium with no major precipitant should be considered an indicator of frailty. Promptly recognising the acute illness and the increased risk for hospital-associated complications is essential for providing safe systems of care for frail older people. Early consideration of health assets and engagement of families and community services can have an important role in successful recovery during and beyond the hospital stay. Effective decision-making about clinical interventions can benefit from explicit assessment of frailty status and consideration of patient priorities.
Topics: Accidental Falls; Acute Disease; Aged; Frail Elderly; Geriatric Assessment; Health Services for the Aged; Hospital Mortality; Humans; Inpatients; Quality of Life
PubMed: 30680905
DOI: 10.1111/imj.14182 -
Orthopedic Nursing 1996Chronic illness is the number one health care problem in the United States. However, the health care system has been slow to adapt from a focus on acute conditions.... (Review)
Review
Chronic illness is the number one health care problem in the United States. However, the health care system has been slow to adapt from a focus on acute conditions. There are similarities and differences between acute and chronic illness. Acute illnesses are usually isolated to one bodily area and respond to treatment. In contrast, long-term conditions frequently involve multiple systems and have an uncertain future. Acute and chronic illnesses are similar in that coping with any health problem, depending on the severity of the condition and the resources available, is a challenge to those afflicted. Chronic illness usually requires more care and resources to maintain normalization in lifestyle. The predominate need of a person with a chronic illness is nursing care. Consequently, nurses have a vital role to fulfill in helping people who have long-term conditions and their family caregivers cope with the illness.
Topics: Acute Disease; Adaptation, Psychological; Chronic Disease; Cost of Illness; Disabled Persons; Family; Humans; Life Style
PubMed: 8954463
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Parkinson's Disease Oct 2016The rate of people with Parkinson's disease (PD) is predicted to double by 2030 resulting in an even greater burden to an already struggling Irish health care system....
BACKGROUND
The rate of people with Parkinson's disease (PD) is predicted to double by 2030 resulting in an even greater burden to an already struggling Irish health care system. There is a paucity of information regarding hospital utilisation among the PD population in an Irish context.
OBJECTIVE
To examine trends of acute hospital in-patient admissions of patients admitted with a secondary diagnosis of PD between 2009 and 2012 in Ireland.
METHOD
Data concerning patients, aged over and under 65 years with a previously existing diagnosis of Parkinson's Disease were requested from the HIPE database for the years 2009-2012. Primary categories of interest were the top 10 principal diagnoses on admission, the top 10 principal procedures conducted, admission source and route, and final discharge destination.
RESULTS
12,437 discharges were recorded for people with PD over the age of 65 years and 1,223 in those under 65 years in Republic of Ireland between 2009 and 2012. A steady rise in acute hospital admissions was noted in the over 65 group. The number of patients requiring long stay accommodation more than doubled across both age categories from admission to discharge status. The most common reasons for admission in all age ranges were acute lower respiratory infection; disorders of urinary system; pneumonia (organism unspecified); and pneumonitis due to solids and liquids (aspiration pneumonia).
CONCLUSIONS
This report highlights a worrying trend towards increased rates of hospital admissions for pneumonia and infections for people living with PD in Republic of Ireland.
Topics: Acute Disease; Aged; Comorbidity; Female; Hospitalization; Humans; Ireland; Male; Middle Aged; Parkinson Disease
PubMed: 27662326
DOI: 10.3233/JPD-160839 -
Physical Therapy Dec 2012
Topics: Acute Disease; Critical Illness; Humans; Physical Therapy Modalities; Physical Therapy Specialty; Professional Role; Specialization; United States
PubMed: 23204509
DOI: 10.2522/ptj.2012.92.12.1482 -
The British Journal of General Practice... Nov 2006
Topics: Acute Disease; Chronic Disease; Family Practice; Humans; Incidence
PubMed: 17132347
DOI: No ID Found -
The Nurse Practitioner Jun 2018
Review
Topics: Acute Disease; Ambulatory Care; Chronic Disease; Clinical Coding; Humans; Long-Term Care; Nurse Practitioners
PubMed: 29757829
DOI: 10.1097/01.NPR.0000531924.32043.f9 -
BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.) Sep 1998
Review
Topics: Acute Disease; Equipment Design; Humans; Masks; Oxygen; Oxygen Inhalation Therapy
PubMed: 9740573
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.317.7161.798