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Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke... Feb 2023
Topics: Child; Humans; Adenoids; Hypertrophy
PubMed: 36748166
DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20220512-00267 -
Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health Aug 2011
Review
Topics: Adenoidectomy; Adenoids; Female; Humans; Hypertrophy; Infant; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive; Tonsillectomy
PubMed: 21843191
DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1754.2011.02154.x -
Reviews on Recent Clinical Trials May 2010Adenoidal hypertrophy is probably the most frequent pathology in the pediatric population. This disorder manifests with several symptoms such as bilateral nasal... (Review)
Review
Adenoidal hypertrophy is probably the most frequent pathology in the pediatric population. This disorder manifests with several symptoms such as bilateral nasal obstruction, rhinorrhea, cough, snoring, hyponasal speech, hypopnea, and sleep apnea. When tonsillar hypertrophy is also present, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome can manifest. To date, nasal endoscopic examination is the standard technique to diagnose and estimate adenoid mass. Adenoidectomy is considered the surgical treatment of choice to resolve nasopharyngeal obstruction due to adenoidal hypertrophy. At present, several pitfalls of adenotomy (i.e., alteration of the immunological system, postoperative bleeding, and recurrence of adenoids) are object of criticism. For this reason, some researchers have tested the efficacy of topical nasal steroids in decreasing the severity of nasal symptoms and adenoidal mass. Herein, we review the literature on conservative treatments including also our personal experience.
Topics: Adenoids; Administration, Intranasal; Child; Humans; Hypertrophy; Steroids
PubMed: 20199384
DOI: 10.2174/157488710791233590 -
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) Jul 2022: the upper respiratory tract harbors the highest bacterial density in the whole respiratory system. Adenoids, which are located in the , are a major site of bacterial...
: the upper respiratory tract harbors the highest bacterial density in the whole respiratory system. Adenoids, which are located in the , are a major site of bacterial colonies in the upper airways. Our goal was to use culture-independent molecular techniques to identify the breadth of bacterial diversity in the adenoid vegetations of children suffering from chronic rhinosinusitis and obstructive sleep apnea. : in total, 21 adenoid samples were investigated using amplification and sequencing of the V3-V4 hypervariable region of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene. : among the most common bacterial species found were , , , and . and dominated the microbiome in all 21 samples, attributing to more than 60% of all detected genetic material. : since both and are, predominantly, oral cavity and dental microorganisms, our findings may suggest oral microbiome migration deeper into the oropharynx and nasopharynx where these bacteria colonize adenoid vegetations.
Topics: Adenoids; Bacteria; Child; Genes, rRNA; Humans; Microbiota; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Veillonella
PubMed: 35888639
DOI: 10.3390/medicina58070920 -
Journal of Computer Assisted TomographyThis study aimed to quantify the adenoidal-nasopharyngeal ratio (ANR) in a cohort of healthy adults on cone beam computed tomography (CT) using the Fujioka method, which...
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to quantify the adenoidal-nasopharyngeal ratio (ANR) in a cohort of healthy adults on cone beam computed tomography (CT) using the Fujioka method, which is a reproducible measure of adenoid size and nasopharyngeal patency.
METHODS
Electronic health records and maxillofacial cone beam CT in 202 consecutive patients aged 16 years and older were retrospectively reviewed. Patients with a history of adenoidectomy, sinonasal disease, lymphoproliferative disorders, and cleft palate were excluded from the study. The midsagittal reconstructed cone beam CT image was used to determine the ANR. Statistical analysis was conducted using 1-way analysis of variance.
RESULTS
Of the 202 subjects, 131 were female and 71 were male. The mean ± SD subject age was 45.43 ± 20.79 years (range, 16-91 years). The mean ± SD ANR in all subjects was 0.22 ± 0.13 (range, 0.03-0.75) and in each decade of adult life was as follows: younger than 21 years, 0.39 ± 0.12; 21 to 30 years, 0.29 ± 0.11; 31 to 40 years, 0.21 ± 0.09; 41 to 50 years, 0.20 ± 0.07; 51 to 60 years, 0.16 ± 0.10; 61 to 70 years, 0.13 ± 0.05; 71 to 80 years, 0.12 ± 0.05; 81 to 90 years, 0.11 ± 0.04; and 91 years or older, 0.10 ± 0. The differences in mean ANR among the age subgroups were statistically significant ( P < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS
The mean ANR gradually decreased from 0.39 in the second decade of life to 0.16 in the sixth decade of life and plateaued at approximately 0.10 thereafter.
Topics: Adenoids; Adult; Cleft Palate; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography; Female; Humans; Male; Nasopharynx; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 35819911
DOI: 10.1097/RCT.0000000000001346 -
Acta Otorrinolaringologica Espanola May 2001
Topics: Acute Disease; Adenoids; Basophils; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Hypertrophy; Infant; Male; Palatine Tonsil; Recurrence
PubMed: 11526635
DOI: 10.1016/s0001-6519(01)78221-0 -
Otolaryngology--head and Neck Surgery :... Jun 2012To determine whether patient factors (eg, indication for initial surgery, medical comorbidity, or age) are associated with adenoid regrowth and subsequent need for...
OBJECTIVE
To determine whether patient factors (eg, indication for initial surgery, medical comorbidity, or age) are associated with adenoid regrowth and subsequent need for revision adenoidectomy and whether surgical factors (eg, surgical technique or level of surgeon's training) are associated with adenoid regrowth and subsequent need for revision adenoidectomy.
STUDY DESIGN
Historical cohort study.
SETTING
Tertiary care academic medical center.
SUBJECTS AND METHODS
Children (≤18 years) who underwent adenoidectomy or adenotonsillectomy between 1980 and May 2009 were identified. Medical and surgical records were reviewed for sex, age at surgery, indication for surgery, training level of surgeon, surgical technique, and history of allergies, asthma, or gastroesophageal reflux disease.
RESULTS
Of 8245 surgical cases (53.8% male), 163 were revision adenoidectomies. Age at initial adenoidectomy was a significant factor for revision adenoidectomy, with younger ages associated with higher increased risk. Indication for adenoidectomy was also a significant risk factor; adjusted for age, patients with ear rather than infectious indications were about 10 times more likely to require revision. A diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease was a significant risk factor (hazard ratio, 2.23; P = .002).
CONCLUSION
Several risk factors are associated with revision adenoidectomy: young age at initial procedure, indication for adenoidectomy, and diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Surgical technique, level of experience of the initial surgeon, and diagnosis of asthma or allergies were not significant risk factors for revision adenoidectomy.
Topics: Adenoidectomy; Adenoids; Age Factors; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Gastroesophageal Reflux; Humans; Hypertrophy; Male; Patient Selection; Reoperation; Retrospective Studies; Risk Factors; Tonsillectomy
PubMed: 22301106
DOI: 10.1177/0194599811435971 -
European Review For Medical and... Mar 2019Adenoidectomy is a surgical procedure with potential adverse events. Effective nonsurgical therapy could reduce patient risk and harm. The aim of this study was to...
OBJECTIVE
Adenoidectomy is a surgical procedure with potential adverse events. Effective nonsurgical therapy could reduce patient risk and harm. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of bacteriotherapy to reduce the necessity of adenoid surgery.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
This experimental study was conducted as an open study in 44 children (30 males and 14 females, mean age 4.9 years) who were candidates for adenoidectomy and tympanocentesis as treatment for adenoidal hypertrophy and otitis media with effusion. Twenty-two children were treated with Streptococcus salivarius 24SMB and Streptococcus oralis 89a nasal spray, administered as 2 puffs per nostril twice a day for a week for 3 months (study group). The other half of the children was treated with hypertonic saline nasal lavage on the same schedule (control group). Tympanometry and adenoid size assessment were evaluated throughout the intervention period.
RESULTS
In the study group, 6/22 children required surgery, compared to 20/22 children in the study group (p<0.0001). The clinical change in the treated children was a significant reduction of adenoid size (p<0.0001) and improvement of middle ear effusion measured with tympanometry (p<0.0001).
CONCLUSIONS
Bacteriotherapy with Streptococcus salivarius 24SMB and Streptococcus oralis 89a nasal spray could significantly reduce the need for adenoid surgery.
Topics: Acoustic Impedance Tests; Adenoidectomy; Adenoids; Administration, Intranasal; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Male; Otitis Media with Effusion; Probiotics; Streptococcus oralis; Streptococcus salivarius
PubMed: 30920631
DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201903_17348 -
The Laryngoscope Oct 2011Adenoidectomy is a frequently performed procedure in the pediatric population. Revision rates and indications for a second procedure in children are scarce.
OBJECTIVE/HYPOTHESIS
Adenoidectomy is a frequently performed procedure in the pediatric population. Revision rates and indications for a second procedure in children are scarce.
STUDY DESIGN
Retrospective cohort study.
METHODS
Patient records at a multistate pediatric healthcare system were searched for all CPT codes that included adenoidectomy in children less than 12 years of age for a 5-year period (2005-2010). A subset of patients was identified for whom the same CPT codes appeared more than once in this 5-year period. The indication, age, gender, adenoid size, and technique of adenoidectomy were recorded.
RESULTS
A total of 23,612 occurrences of the CPT codes were identified. The subset of patients with multiple CPT codes, indicating revision adenoidectomy, included 304 records (1.3%). Mean age at first procedure was 2.8 years (SD = 1.7 years). Mean age at second procedure was 4.7 years (SD = 1.99 years). Mean interval between procedures was 1.8 years (SD = 1.1 years).
CONCLUSIONS
Revision adenoidectomy occurs at a rate of 1.3%. Reasons for revision include persistence symptoms ranging from adenoiditis to recurrent otitis to obstructive sleep apnea.
Topics: Adenoidectomy; Adenoids; Age Distribution; Child; Child, Preschool; Cohort Studies; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Hospitals, Pediatric; Humans; Incidence; Male; Postoperative Complications; Recurrence; Reoperation; Retrospective Studies; Sex Distribution; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 21898445
DOI: 10.1002/lary.22161 -
International Journal of Pediatric... Sep 1980Tests of pulmonary function were performed on children with severe adenoid hypertrophy, before and one month after adenoidectomy. Five types of subjects were selected:...
Tests of pulmonary function were performed on children with severe adenoid hypertrophy, before and one month after adenoidectomy. Five types of subjects were selected: (1) normal; (2) cases with isolated increase of residual volume (RV); (3) supernormal type with increased RV; (4) obstructive type of ventilatory defect, and (5) restrictive type of ventilatory defect. Following adenoidectomy there is an objective evidence of improved pulmonary function. The data suggest that 65.7% of clinically normal children with adenoid hypertrophy show pulmonary function abnormalities.
Topics: Adenoidectomy; Adenoids; Adolescent; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Hypertrophy; Lymphatic Diseases; Male; Respiratory Function Tests
PubMed: 7188065
DOI: 10.1016/0165-5876(80)90049-x