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Archives of Ophthalmology (Chicago,... Dec 1979The incidence and morphologic features of coronal adenomas, benign epithelial tumors of the ciliary processes, were studied in 500 autopsy cases. Macroscopically,...
The incidence and morphologic features of coronal adenomas, benign epithelial tumors of the ciliary processes, were studied in 500 autopsy cases. Macroscopically, coronal adenomas are white, globular, often cystic in appearance, of limited growth potential, and found only on the ciliary processes. Microscopically, they contain convoluted sheets or tubes of nonpigmented epithelium, between which are found varying amounts of amorphous eosinophilic, PAS-positive, extracellular material. Coronal adenomas were present in 153 (31%) of 500 cases, were bilateral in 23 (15%), and were thus present in 176 (18%) of the 1,000 eyes examined. Two clinically important complications of coronal adenomas were found, sectoral cataracts and misdiagnosis as iris tumor.
Topics: Adenoma; Aged; Autopsy; Cataract; Ciliary Body; Diagnostic Errors; Eye Neoplasms; Female; Humans
PubMed: 518393
DOI: 10.1001/archopht.1979.01020020595020 -
Nutrition and Cancer 2017No studies have evaluated the association between the dietary inflammatory index (DII) and colorectal adenoma recurrence. DII scores were calculated from a baseline food... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
No studies have evaluated the association between the dietary inflammatory index (DII) and colorectal adenoma recurrence. DII scores were calculated from a baseline food frequency questionnaire. Participants (n = 1727) were 40-80 years of age, enrolled in two Phase III clinical trials, who had ≥1 colorectal adenoma(s) removed within 6 months of study registration, and a follow-up colonoscopy during the trial. Multiple logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). No statistically significant associations were found between DII and odds of colorectal adenoma recurrence [ORs (95% CIs) = 0.93 (0.73, 1.18) and 0.95 (0.73, 1.22)] for subjects in the second and third DII tertiles, respectively, compared to those in the lowest tertile (P = 0.72). No associations were found for recurrent colorectal adenoma characteristics, including advanced recurrent adenomas, large size, villous histology, or anatomic location. While our study did not support an association between a proinflammatory diet and colorectal adenoma recurrence, future studies are warranted to elucidate the role of a proinflammatory diet on the early stages of colorectal carcinogenesis.
Topics: Adenoma; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic; Colorectal Neoplasms; Diet; Female; Humans; Inflammation; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
PubMed: 28094571
DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2017.1263752 -
Journal of Ayub Medical College,... 2022Hepatic Adenomatosis most commonly arises in the background of hepatic adenoma in young women and less commonly in men with underlying risk factors. Rarely, it can arise...
Hepatic Adenomatosis most commonly arises in the background of hepatic adenoma in young women and less commonly in men with underlying risk factors. Rarely, it can arise in young men with none of the associated risk factors and thus can go undetected for a prolonged period resulting in delayed intervention and avoidable complications. We present a rare case of a 32-year-old asymptomatic male that presented for routine evaluation and was subsequently diagnosed with Hepatic Adenomatosis.
Topics: Female; Male; Humans; Adult; Risk Factors; Colorectal Neoplasms; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms; Adenoma
PubMed: 36414602
DOI: 10.55519/JAMC-03-S1-9128 -
Clinical Medicine (London, England) Mar 2023Pituitary incidentalomas are common findings with increasing use of modern neuroradiological imaging undertaken for symptoms unrelated to pituitary disease. The...
Pituitary incidentalomas are common findings with increasing use of modern neuroradiological imaging undertaken for symptoms unrelated to pituitary disease. The prevalence of these lesions is ∼10% in autopsy studies and the incidence varies from 10% to 38% on magnetic resonance imaging in the published literature. They are almost always benign in nature and most are non-functioning (non-secreting) adenomas. Although many individuals are asymptomatic at diagnosis, some with functioning (secreting) pituitary adenomas or larger non-functioning adenomas have symptoms. All identified cases should have a thorough clinical and endocrinological evaluation to help with precise management, which depends on the size of the lesion, hormonal status (functioning versus non-functioning adenoma) and the presence of visual deficits resulting from optic nerve compression by the pituitary adenoma. Here, we provide an overview of the initial assessment and management of pituitary incidentalomas for clinicians not routinely involved in the management of pituitary disease.
Topics: Humans; Incidental Findings; Pituitary Neoplasms; Pituitary Diseases; Adenoma; Magnetic Resonance Imaging
PubMed: 36958836
DOI: 10.7861/clinmed.2023-0020 -
The Canadian Journal of Neurological... Mar 2024
Topics: Humans; Pituitary Neoplasms; Hemianopsia; Adenoma
PubMed: 36329658
DOI: 10.1017/cjn.2022.314 -
Endocrine Practice : Official Journal... May 2018Pituitary adenomas are the third most common central nervous system tumors and arise from the anterior pituitary within the pituitary fossa. (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
Pituitary adenomas are the third most common central nervous system tumors and arise from the anterior pituitary within the pituitary fossa.
METHODS
Literature review and discussion.
RESULTS
The signs and symptoms of patients with pituitary adenomas vary from 'mass effects' caused by a large adenoma to features secondary to excess pituitary hormones produced by the functioning pituitary adenoma. Detailed histopathologic assessment, based on novel classifications and the latest World Health Organization guidelines, helps to categorize pituitary adenomas into different subtypes and identify features that, in some cases, help to predict their behavior. Most of the pituitary tumors occur sporadically without known genetic predisposition, but in a significant minority of cases, somatic mutations can be identified in the GNAS and USP8 genes. A small proportion of the cases have germline genetic defects or embryonic mutations leading to mosaicism. Genes with germ-line mutations predisposing to pituitary adenomas include AIP, GPR101, MEN1, CDKN1B, PRKAR1A, PRKAR2A, DICER1, NF1, and SDHx, whereas more recently, CABLES1 has also been implicated.
CONCLUSION
Understanding the pathogenesis of pituitary adenomas will allow clinicians to correlate the pathologic and genetic features with clinical data, helping decisions on the best management of these tumors.
ABBREVIATIONS
ACTH = adrenocorticotropic hormone; AIP = aryl hydrocarbon receptor-interacting protein; αSU = alpha-subunit; EGFR = epithelial growth factor receptor; ER = estrogen receptor; FSH = follicle-stimulating hormone; GH = growth hormone; GHRH = growth hormone-releasing hormone; IGF-1 = insulin-like growth factor 1; LH = luteinizing hormone; MEN1 = multiple endocrine neoplasia 1; MRI = magnetic resonance imaging; NFPA = nonfunctioning pituitary adenoma; PRL = prolactin; TSH = thyroid-stimulating hormone; USP8 = ubiquitin-specific peptidase 8; WHO = World Health Organization.
Topics: Adenoma; Humans; Pituitary Neoplasms
PubMed: 29498920
DOI: 10.4158/EP-2018-0034 -
Neurosurgery May 2015Crooke's cell adenomas are a rare type of pituitary neoplasm. They produce adrenocorticotropic hormone causing Cushing's disease or may be endocrinologically silent.... (Review)
Review
Crooke's cell adenomas are a rare type of pituitary neoplasm. They produce adrenocorticotropic hormone causing Cushing's disease or may be endocrinologically silent. These tumors are usually invasive, may exhibit aggressive clinical behavior, and often recur with a low success of cure after reoperation and/or radiotherapy. Due to their rarity, they present great difficulties in assessing prognosis, treatment, and clinical management. Neurosurgeons and physicians dealing with pituitary adenomas diagnosed as Crooke's cell adenomas have to be aware of their potential clinical aggressiveness to plan strict follow-up of patients and eventual multimodality treatment. We review here the published cases of Crooke's cell tumors, as well as the clinical and histopathological characteristics of these unusual neoplasms.
Topics: Adenoma; Combined Modality Therapy; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pituitary Neoplasms
PubMed: 25635886
DOI: 10.1227/NEU.0000000000000657 -
Cancer Detection and Prevention 2003Adenomatous polyps are a precursor of colorectal cancer and a frequent finding on screening flexible sigmoidoscopy (FS). Performance of colonoscopy when a diminutive...
BACKGROUND
Adenomatous polyps are a precursor of colorectal cancer and a frequent finding on screening flexible sigmoidoscopy (FS). Performance of colonoscopy when a diminutive (<6mm) adenoma is found on FS has been the subject of considerable debate.
METHODS
We retrospectively reviewed the data from our colorectal cancer screening program for patients with adenoma(s) found on FS. Patients were divided into three groups based on FS findings: (1) an adenoma <6mm in size, (2) multiple non-advanced adenomas or an adenoma 6-10mm in size, or (3) advanced adenoma defined as an adenoma >10mm or with villous histology or high-grade dysplasia or cancer. A comparison of the proximal findings was then made.
RESULTS
5291 FS reports were reviewed with 606 (12%) patients having at least one adenoma. Colonoscopy reports were available in 550 patients. Of the 258 patients with a diminutive distal adenoma, 69 (27%) had a proximal adenoma and 13 (5%) had an advanced proximal adenoma on colonoscopy. Of the 164 patients with an adenoma 6-10mm or multiple non-advanced adenomas, 59 (36%) had a proximal adenoma and 13 (8%) had an advanced proximal adenoma. Of the 128 patients with a distal advanced adenoma, 58 (45%) had a proximal adenoma and 15 (12%) had an advanced proximal adenoma. The increase in proximal adenomas across the three groups was significant (P=0.001), and there was a trend for increased prevalence of advanced adenomas (P=0.061).
CONCLUSIONS
The prevalence of proximal adenomas increased significantly with more advanced lesions found distally at FS, and there was a trend towards a higher prevalence of advanced proximal adenomas. Based on current guidelines, flexible sigmoidoscopy is a screening option that can be used to identify average-risk patients at increased risk of proximal neoplasia.
Topics: Adenoma; Aged; Colorectal Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Male; Mass Screening; Middle Aged; Neoplasms, Second Primary; Prevalence; Retrospective Studies; Risk Factors; Sigmoidoscopy
PubMed: 12893073
DOI: 10.1016/s0361-090x(03)00099-0 -
Radiology Nov 1994To describe the magnetic resonance (MR) imaging features of hepatic adenoma and correlate these findings with histopathologic findings. (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
PURPOSE
To describe the magnetic resonance (MR) imaging features of hepatic adenoma and correlate these findings with histopathologic findings.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
MR findings of 51 pathologically proved hepatic adenomas in 29 consecutive patients were retrospectively analyzed. T1- and T2-weighted spin-echo (SE) images were obtained in all patients, and contrast material-enhanced MR images were obtained in 16 patients.
RESULTS
At pathologic analysis, a peripheral rim, observed in 16 (31%) hepatic adenomas, corresponded to pseudocapsule, and tumor heterogeneity, observed in 26 (51%) lesions, corresponded to hemorrhagic necrosis and peliosis. Hyperintensity on T1-weighted SE images was observed in 30 (59%) adenomas; 10 (67%) of 15 hepatic adenomas were hyperintense on contrast-enhanced gradient-echo images, and 13 (45%) of 29 were hyperintense on delayed contrast-enhanced T1-weighted SE images.
CONCLUSION
Presence of a peripheral rim, heterogeneity, and hyperintensity are common features of hepatic adenoma.
Topics: Adenoma; Adult; Female; Humans; Liver Neoplasms; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Middle Aged; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 7972769
DOI: 10.1148/radiology.193.2.7972769 -
Arquivos Brasileiros de Endocrinologia... Nov 2007Silent corticotroph pituitary adenomas (SCA) are defined as pituitary adenomas showing positive staining for adrenocorticotrophic hormone in immunohistochemical studies,... (Review)
Review
Silent corticotroph pituitary adenomas (SCA) are defined as pituitary adenomas showing positive staining for adrenocorticotrophic hormone in immunohistochemical studies, but not associated with perioperative clinical or laboratory features of hypercortisolaemia. They account for 1.1-6% of surgically removed pituitary adenomas. Currently, two distinct pathologic subtypes of SCA are recognised. Their pathogenesis remains unclear. They present with local mass effects (headache, visual deterioration, cranial nerve palsies, endocrine dysfunction). The lack of manifestations of cortisol excess has not been conclusively explained. In surgical series, most tumours are macroadenomas with suprasellar extension present in 87-100% of the cases; this is in contrast to Cushing's disease, which is mostly attributed to microadenomas. Surgery remains the main therapeutic approach. Attempts to identify predictors of recurrence have not been successful. Management and follow-up protocols should be planned taking into account their potential aggressive behaviour, particularly upon recurrence. The development of florid pituitary Cushing's syndrome and local recurrence followed by metastatic disease (occasionally outside the central nervous system) have been rarely reported.
Topics: ACTH-Secreting Pituitary Adenoma; Adenoma; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Pituitary Neoplasms
PubMed: 18209869
DOI: 10.1590/s0004-27302007000800017