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Journal of Breast Cancer Mar 2011Microglandular adenosis (MGA) of the breast is a very rare and benign proliferative lesion. Most patients complain of a palpable breast mass that may arouse a clinical...
Microglandular adenosis (MGA) of the breast is a very rare and benign proliferative lesion. Most patients complain of a palpable breast mass that may arouse a clinical suspicion of breast cancer. Histopathologically, it is hard to distinguish MGA from breast cancer because of the lack of a myoepithelial layer and infiltrative proliferation. Several studies have reported a strong relationship between MGA and carcinoma arising in MGA, so the mass should be excised completely in cases of MGA determined from a core needle biopsy rather than observation. A 72-years-old woman presented with a palpable breast mass. On physical examination, a mass was palpable in the right upper outer quadrant area and somewhat fixed to the surrounding tissues and pectoralis major muscle. We could not detect any mass or dense lesion on mammography because of a grade 4 dense breast. Ultrasonographic findings revealed a low echoic lesion with indistinct margins. The result of a core needle biopsy was MGA, which was confirmed by excision. We report one case of MGA, which was believed to breast cancer clinically.
PubMed: 21847399
DOI: 10.4048/jbc.2011.14.1.72 -
Cancer Jul 1949
Topics: Disease; Humans; Lymph Nodes; Lymphatic Diseases
PubMed: 18149951
DOI: 10.1002/1097-0142(194907)2:4<625::aid-cncr2820020410>3.0.co;2-u -
Histology and Histopathology Sep 2013Microglandular adenosis is a rare glandular lesion of the breast, which can mimic well-differentiated invasive carcinoma, and is characterized by a haphazard... (Review)
Review
Microglandular adenosis is a rare glandular lesion of the breast, which can mimic well-differentiated invasive carcinoma, and is characterized by a haphazard proliferation of uniform small round glands with open lumina and lacking a myoepithelial cell layer. This lesion has a rather unique immunohistochemical profile characterized by expression of cytokeratins and S-100, and lack of estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR). The role of microglandular adenosis as a potential precursor of invasive breast cancer has long been a matter of controversy; however, recent molecular analyses have demonstrated that these lesions are heterogeneous at the genetic level, and that at least a subset of microglandular adenosis are clonal and display gene copy number alterations. Importantly, the pattern of genetic aberrations found in microglandular adenosis differs from that of other non-obligate precursors of ER-positive breast cancer. Carcinomas arising in microglandular adenosis are mostly of triple-negative phenotype (i.e. lack of ER, PR and HER2) and express S100, similar to microglandular adenosis. Genetic alterations found in microglandular adenosis have been shown to be similar to those found in synchronous invasive carcinomas. Here we review the clinical, morphological, and molecular features of microglandular adenosis, with an emphasis on its role as a non-obligate precursor of triple-negative breast cancer, and discuss areas for future research endeavors to clarify the clinical and biological significance of these fascinating lesions.
Topics: Breast; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast; Cell Proliferation; Female; Fibrocystic Breast Disease; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Precancerous Conditions; Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms
PubMed: 23584829
DOI: 10.14670/HH-28.1099 -
Proceedings of the Royal Society of... Dec 1950
Topics: Breast; Female; Fibrocystic Breast Disease; Humans; Metaplasia
PubMed: 14808201
DOI: No ID Found -
BMC Cancer Aug 2019We report an extremely rare case of vaginal clear cell carcinoma, which originated from the malignant transformation of vaginal adenosis without prenatal... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
We report an extremely rare case of vaginal clear cell carcinoma, which originated from the malignant transformation of vaginal adenosis without prenatal diethylstilbestrol (DES) exposure.
CASE PRESENTATION
In this case, the patient was a Chinese woman with a history of two decades of intermittent vaginal pain, sexual intercourse pain and vaginal contact bleeding. On September 1, 2011, when the patient was 39 years old, a vaginal biopsy revealed vaginal adenosis. After intermittent drug and laser treatment, her symptoms did not improve. Four years later, on March 4, 2015, another vaginal biopsy for abnormal vaginal cytology revealed atypical vaginal adenosis. After treatment with sirolimus, her symptoms and abnormal vaginal cytology results persisted, and she underwent laparoscopic hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and excision of the vaginal lesions. One year after the hysterectomy, on August 15, 2017, the vaginal cytology results suggested atypical glandular cells, and a biopsy revealed vaginal clear cell carcinoma originating from the atypical vaginal adenosis. A wide local resection of the vaginal lesions was performed, followed by concurrent chemoradiotherapy. Regular follow-up over 16 months showed no evidence of the recurrence of vaginal adenosis or cancer.
CONCLUSIONS
Based on the evolution of a series of pathological evidence, we report the fourth case in the world of vaginal clear cell carcinoma originating from vaginal adenosis without prenatal DES exposure. Wide local excision with radiotherapy provided at least 16 months of disease-free survival.
Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell; Adult; Biopsy; Carcinogens; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; Combined Modality Therapy; Diethylstilbestrol; Female; Humans; Treatment Outcome; Vaginal Neoplasms
PubMed: 31409310
DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-6026-1 -
Annales de Pathologie Aug 2016We report a case of vaginal adenosis in a woman of 42years. This is a rare congenital disorder since cessation of use of diethylstilbestrol (DES), usually of benign... (Review)
Review
We report a case of vaginal adenosis in a woman of 42years. This is a rare congenital disorder since cessation of use of diethylstilbestrol (DES), usually of benign course, not to ignore in its tubo-endometrial histological form which may progress to atypical adenosis precursor of vaginal clear cell adenocarcinoma in patients exposed in utero to DES.
Topics: Adult; Biopsy; Cell Differentiation; Diagnosis, Differential; Diethylstilbestrol; Exocrine Glands; Female; Humans; Infertility, Female; Leiomyomatosis; Polyps; Uterine Neoplasms; Vaginal Diseases
PubMed: 27475006
DOI: 10.1016/j.annpat.2016.06.003 -
Archives of Pathology & Laboratory... Sep 2007Microglandular adenosis is widely known as a benign breast lesion that can produce a mass. It differs from other types of adenosis by having an infiltrative pattern of... (Review)
Review
Microglandular adenosis is widely known as a benign breast lesion that can produce a mass. It differs from other types of adenosis by having an infiltrative pattern of growth and glands lacking a myoepithelial layer. Although in every other aspect the cells lining the glands are epithelial, they stain strongly with S100 protein. Most cases of microglandular adenosis are resolved after adequate excision, but more recent data suggest that this lesion may be a precursor for carcinoma, with atypical microglandular adenosis being an intermediate lesion. Carcinomas arising in a background of microglandular adenosis, although they may be low grade, are commonly estrogen and progesterone receptor negative, in contrast to most conventional low-grade carcinomas unrelated to microglandular adenosis. They also show immunopositivity for S100 protein, similar to microglandular adenosis. Diagnostic problems include differentiating microglandular adenosis from carcinoma and assessing the extent of the carcinoma component. In this review, we discuss the histomorphologic and immunophenotypic characteristic of the spectrum of microglandular adenosis lesions with emphasis on diagnostic features distinguishing microglandular adenosis from well-differentiated carcinoma, in particular, tubular carcinoma, and assessment of surgical margins of excision in such lesions.
Topics: Breast; Breast Neoplasms; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Fibrocystic Breast Disease; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Humans; S100 Proteins
PubMed: 17824796
DOI: 10.5858/2007-131-1397-BCAIMA -
Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi = Chinese... Jun 2023
Topics: Female; Humans; Vaginal Diseases; Adenocarcinoma; Stomach; Hyperplasia; Vaginal Neoplasms
PubMed: 37263931
DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20221228-01069 -
Surgical Case Reports May 2023Neurofibroma of the breast is extremely rare, with only a few reported cases. Here, we report a case of solitary neurofibroma of the breast in a 95-year-old woman.
BACKGROUND
Neurofibroma of the breast is extremely rare, with only a few reported cases. Here, we report a case of solitary neurofibroma of the breast in a 95-year-old woman.
CASE PRESENTATION
A 95-year-old woman presented with a palpable mass in the left breast. Mammography revealed a well-defined mass. A 1.6-cm round mass was found in the lower outer quadrant of the left breast on ultrasonography. The internal echo of the tumor was a mixture of relatively uniform hypoechoic areas with posterior enhancement and heterogeneous hyperechoic areas. She underwent a core needle biopsy. The pathological findings revealed a spindle cell lesion with no malignant findings. At 2 months follow-up, repeat breast ultrasonography showed that the mass had enlarged to be 2.7 cm in size. A repeat core needle biopsy, however, revealed no particularly new information. Because the tumor was growing and a definite diagnosis was not made, lumpectomy was performed. We found bland-spindled cells with shredded-carrot collagen bundles. Immunohistochemical antibody markers (S100, SOX10, and CD34) were positive for the spindle cells. Some of the tumors maintained the bilayer nature of luminal cells and myoepithelial cells, which might be the reason for internal heterogeneity on ultrasound. A histological diagnosis of neurofibroma with adenosis was made. At 6 months follow-up, no recurrent lesions were found.
CONCLUSIONS
Ultrasound and pathological images revealed an extremely rare case of neurofibroma combined with adenosis. Tumor resection was performed because it was difficult to make a definitive diagnosis using needle biopsy. Even when a benign tumor is suspected, short-term follow-up is necessary, and if an enlargement is observed, early tumor resection is recommended.
PubMed: 37246203
DOI: 10.1186/s40792-023-01673-0 -
Clinical Nuclear Medicine Feb 2022Sclerosing adenosis is a common benign proliferative disorder of the breast. We describe FDG PET/CT findings in a case of sclerosing adenosis showing focal intense FDG...
Sclerosing adenosis is a common benign proliferative disorder of the breast. We describe FDG PET/CT findings in a case of sclerosing adenosis showing focal intense FDG uptake mimicking malignancy. This case indicates that sclerosing adenosis should be included in the differential diagnosis of focal breast FDG accumulation along with malignant and nonmalignant conditions.
Topics: Breast; Breast Neoplasms; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Humans; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; Positron-Emission Tomography
PubMed: 34319965
DOI: 10.1097/RLU.0000000000003849