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Issues in Mental Health Nursing Sep 2018In the United States, nearly one in five adolescents has a diagnosable mental health disorder. Beginning in the teenage years, adolescents become less reliant on their... (Review)
Review
In the United States, nearly one in five adolescents has a diagnosable mental health disorder. Beginning in the teenage years, adolescents become less reliant on their parents for support and begin to turn to their peer group for support; therefore, it is important to understand the role of peers during this developmental time, especially in relation to mental health. The purpose of this project is to review the literature regarding positive peer support and mental health in adolescence. CINAHL, PubMed, and PsycINFO were used to conduct the review. The inclusive years of the search were 2007-2017. A total of 15 studies were included for review. The results were consistent over time and settings, demonstrating the positive role of peer support in adolescences with mental health care needs. Following a synthesis of the literature, gaps in research and implications for practice and further research, are discussed.
Topics: Adolescent; Humans; Interpersonal Relations; Mental Health; Peer Group
PubMed: 30252560
DOI: 10.1080/01612840.2018.1496498 -
School Nurse News May 2002Concerns about body image range from a normal desire to look attractive to a pathological concern with thinness or physical perfection. Today, more than ever,... (Review)
Review
Concerns about body image range from a normal desire to look attractive to a pathological concern with thinness or physical perfection. Today, more than ever, adolescents in America are prone to body image distortions and dissatisfaction. The reasons for this are multi-determined and include the influence of the media and cultural expectations, as well as a discrepancy between an adolescent's own physical characteristics and the expectations of his or her social environment. Adolescents with severe body image distortions are vulnerable to developing serious psychiatric disorders that can have life-threatening consequences. Schools can help by providing guidance and information in a time of uncertainty.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Body Image; Child; Feeding and Eating Disorders; Female; Humans; Male; Psychology, Adolescent; Risk Factors; School Nursing; Self Concept
PubMed: 12046161
DOI: No ID Found -
Sports Medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) Sep 2021Adolescence (ages 13-18 years) is a period of significant growth and physical development that includes changes in body composition, metabolic and hormonal... (Review)
Review
Adolescence (ages 13-18 years) is a period of significant growth and physical development that includes changes in body composition, metabolic and hormonal fluctuations, maturation of organ systems, and establishment of nutrient deposits, which all may affect future health. In terms of nutrition, adolescence is also an important time in establishing an individual's lifelong relationship with food, which is particularly important in terms of the connection between diet, exercise, and body image. The challenges of time management (e.g., school, training, work and social commitments) and periods of fluctuating emotions are also features of this period. In addition, an adolescent's peers become increasingly powerful moderators of all behaviours, including eating. Adolescence is also a period of natural experimentation and this can extend to food choice. Adolescent experiences are not the same and individuals vary considerably in their behaviours. To ensure an adolescent athlete fulfils his/her potential, it is important that stakeholders involved in managing youth athletes emphasize eating patterns that align with and support sound physical, physiological and psychosocial development and are consistent with proven principles of sport nutrition.
Topics: Adolescent; Athletes; Diet; Exercise; Feeding Behavior; Female; Humans; Male; Sports
PubMed: 34515968
DOI: 10.1007/s40279-021-01534-6 -
Critical Reviews in Food Science and... 2013Adolescence is an important period of nutritional vulnerability due to increased dietary requirements for growth and development. Iron needs are elevated as a result of... (Review)
Review
Adolescence is an important period of nutritional vulnerability due to increased dietary requirements for growth and development. Iron needs are elevated as a result of intensive growth and muscular development, which implies an increase in blood volume; thus, it is extremely important for the adolescent's iron requirements to be met. Diet, therefore, must provide enough iron and, moreover, nutrients producing adequate iron bioavailability to favor element utilization and thus be sufficient for needs at this stage of life. Currently, many adolescents consume monotonous and unbalanced diets which may limit mineral intake and/or bioavailability, leading to iron deficiency and, consequently, to ferropenic anemia, a nutritional deficit of worldwide prevalence. Iron deficiency, apart from provoking important physiological repercussions, can adversely affect adolescents' cognitive ability and behavior. Accordingly, promoting the consumption of a varied, adjusted, and balanced diet by adolescents will facilitate iron utilization, benefiting their health both at present and in adulthood. This review discusses how physiological changes during adolescence can cause iron requirements to increase. Consequently, it is important that diet should contribute an appropriate amount of this mineral and, moreover, with an adequate bioavailability to satisfy needs during this special period of life.
Topics: Adolescent; Adolescent Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Anemia, Iron-Deficiency; Behavior; Biological Availability; Child; Cognition; Diet; Female; Growth and Development; Humans; Iron, Dietary; Male; Nutritional Requirements; Oxidoreductases; Recommended Dietary Allowances; Young Adult
PubMed: 24007425
DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2011.564333 -
Journal of Clinical Research in... Feb 2020This article reviews the current understanding and management of abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) in adolescents. It is hoped that this review will provide readers with... (Review)
Review
This article reviews the current understanding and management of abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) in adolescents. It is hoped that this review will provide readers with an approach to the evaluation and treatment of mild to severe uterine bleeding. AUB is a common problem which has significantly adverse effects on an affected adolescent’s quality of life. The most common underlying condition in AUB in adolescence is anovulation. During the evaluation, pregnancy, trauma and sexually transmitted diseases must be ruled out, regardless of history. It should be kept in mind that AUB during this period may be the first sign of underlying bleeding disorders. Although observation is sufficient in the mild form of AUB, at the other end of the spectrum life-threatening bleeding may necessitate the use of high doses of combined oral contraceptives, intravenous estrogen and/or interventional procedures.
Topics: Adolescent; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Intrauterine Devices; Menstrual Cycle; Physical Examination; Quality of Life; Uterine Hemorrhage
PubMed: 32041387
DOI: 10.4274/jcrpe.galenos.2019.2019.S0200 -
Pediatric Pulmonology Aug 2007The adolescents with asthma are a distinct group of patients with different problems and needs compared to children and adults. Specific issues of asthma in adolescence... (Review)
Review
The adolescents with asthma are a distinct group of patients with different problems and needs compared to children and adults. Specific issues of asthma in adolescence are the variability of the clinical spectrum, the presence of particular risk factors for the persistence of symptoms, underdiagnosis and undertreatment of the disease. Refusal of the sick role, denial of symptoms, carelessness about dangerous inhalation exposure, erratic self-medication, overexertion without taking precautions against exercise-induced asthma, and a poor relationship between patients, their families, and often doctors are the main obstacles to successful management of asthma in this critical age. There are also major problems of compliance for these patients. The goal of optimal quality of life will be achieved only if the physician thoroughly understands the adolescent's needs and provides optimal care.
Topics: Adolescent; Asthma; Humans
PubMed: 17595039
DOI: 10.1002/ppul.20650 -
A meta-analysis of the relationship between subjective sleep and depressive symptoms in adolescence.Sleep Medicine Mar 2021Adolescence is a risk period for the development of mental illness, as well as a time for pronounced change in sleep behaviour. While prior studies, including several... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Adolescence is a risk period for the development of mental illness, as well as a time for pronounced change in sleep behaviour. While prior studies, including several meta-analyses show a relationship between sleep and depressive symptoms, there were many inconsistences found in the literature.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the relationship between subjective sleep and depressive symptoms.
METHODS
Following PRISMA guidelines, we conducted a literature search that yielded forty-nine recent studies (2014-2020) with adolescent samples aged 9 to 25-year-olds, and more than double the sample size of previous meta-analyses (N = 318,256).
RESULTS
In a series of meta-analyses, we show that while several common categories of subjective sleep are associated with depressive symptoms in adolescents, the strength of this relationship varies. Measures of sleep perception: poor sleep quality (r = 0.41), insomnia (r = 0.37), sleep disturbances (r = 0.36), wake after sleep onset (r = 0.31), and daytime sleepiness (r = 0.30) correlated more strongly with depressive symptoms, than measures of sleep behaviour: sleep latency (r = 0.22), and sleep duration (r = -0.19).
CONCLUSIONS
These findings suggest that in studies of depressive symptoms it may be important to assess an adolescent's perception about their sleep, in addition to their sleep/wake behaviours.
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Depression; Humans; Polysomnography; Sleep; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders; Sleep Wake Disorders; Young Adult
PubMed: 33524839
DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2021.01.011 -
International Journal of Environmental... Sep 2021In recent years, there has been an important commitment to the development of programs to promote mental health literacy (MHL) among adolescents, due to the prevalence... (Review)
Review
In recent years, there has been an important commitment to the development of programs to promote mental health literacy (MHL) among adolescents, due to the prevalence of mental health problems and the low level of MHL that affects this group. The aim of this study was to map the structure and context of programmes/interventions for promoting MHL among adolescents in school settings. A scoping review was conducted following the guidelines of The Joanna Briggs Institute. We searched for studies on programmes/interventions promoting at least one of the components of MHL of adolescents, written in Portuguese, English or Spanish, published from 2013 to 2020, in MEDLINE, CINAHL Plus with Full Text, SciELO, SCOPUS, OpenGrey, RCAAP and in the article reference lists. This review included 29 articles. The majority of programmes/interventions addressed one or more of the four components of MHL, with the knowledge of mental disorders and stigma reduction components being the most covered; were taught by adolescent's regular teachers; used face to face interventions; had a height variable duration; used non-validated instruments; were implemented in a classroom environment; and showed statistically significant improvements in adolescent's MHL levels. More research is needed to implement/construct programmes/interventions promoting adolescents' MHL concerning knowledge on how to obtain and maintain good mental health.
Topics: Adolescent; Health Literacy; Humans; Mental Disorders; Mental Health; Social Stigma
PubMed: 34574427
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18189500 -
Pediatrician 1991Specific developmental issues and long-term psychosocial implications are associated with a diagnosis of cancer during the period of adolescence. Effects on the... (Review)
Review
Specific developmental issues and long-term psychosocial implications are associated with a diagnosis of cancer during the period of adolescence. Effects on the adolescent's developing independence, sexual identity, and social and psychological maturity must be considered. Repercussions of these disruptions emphasize the need for creative treatment approaches which incorporate both immediate and long-term preventive and rehabilitative strategies.
Topics: Adaptation, Psychological; Adolescent; Chronic Disease; Humans; Neoplasms; Psychology, Adolescent
PubMed: 1983859
DOI: No ID Found -
Acta Psiquiatrica Y Psicologica de... Jun 1991Both members of an "Adolescence"/"Politics" equation are analyzed. From the political point of view, epistemological difficulties underlying its praxis-linked to both... (Review)
Review
Both members of an "Adolescence"/"Politics" equation are analyzed. From the political point of view, epistemological difficulties underlying its praxis-linked to both linear causality, and Gabel's "morbid rationalism", are described. The way such difficulties are related to the social disease by means of an "institutional narcissism" is also described. It is the author's contention that an adolescent's possible choice is conditioned by its "political character" (according to Fromm's, and Adorno's use of such expression), and based on Merton's typology of responses to anomia. A "revolutionary character" is described as being the closest to Merton's "rebel" response, and--as regards a social health sense--is considered to be the healthiest possible response. Emphasis is placed on teachers' role to help both children and youths in their displacement from the authoritarian character to the revolutionary one in view of the latter's social importance.
Topics: Adolescent; Humans; Politics
PubMed: 1799133
DOI: No ID Found