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Current Problems in Cancer 2018Biliary tract cancers (BTC) are aggressive malignancies associated with resistance to chemotherapy and poor prognostic rates. Therefore, novel treatment approaches are... (Review)
Review
Biliary tract cancers (BTC) are aggressive malignancies associated with resistance to chemotherapy and poor prognostic rates. Therefore, novel treatment approaches are in need. Immunotherapy represents a promising breakthrough that uses a patient's immune system to target a tumor. This treatment approach has shown immense progress with positive results for selected cancers such as melanoma and nonsmall cell lung cancer. Initial preclinical data and preliminary clinical studies suggest encouraging mechanistic effects for immunotherapy in BTC offering the hope for an expanding therapeutic role for this disease. These approaches include targeted tumor antigen therapy via peptide and dendritic cell-based vaccines, allogenic cell adoptive immunotherapy, and the use of inhibitory agents targeting the immune checkpoint receptor pathway and multiple components of the tumor microenvironment. At this time demonstrating efficacy in larger clinical trials remains imperative. A multitude of ongoing trials aim to successfully translate mechanistic effects into antitumor efficacy and ultimately aim to incorporate immunotherapy into the routine management of BTC. With further research efforts, the optimization of dosing and therapeutic regimens, the identification of novel tumor antigens and a better understanding of alternative checkpoint pathway receptor expression may provide additional targets for rational combinatorial therapies which enhance the effects of immunotherapy and may offer hope for further advancing treatment options. Ultimately, the challenge remains to prospectively identify the subsets of patients with BTC who may respond to immunotherapy, and devising alternative strategies to sensitize those that do not with the hopes of improving outcomes for all with this deadly disease.
Topics: Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological; Biliary Tract Neoplasms; Cancer Vaccines; Cell Cycle Checkpoints; Cholangiocarcinoma; Humans; Immunotherapy; Immunotherapy, Adoptive; Medical Oncology; Protein Kinase Inhibitors; T-Lymphocytes
PubMed: 29501212
DOI: 10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2017.10.004 -
British Journal of Haematology Oct 2000
Review
Topics: Bone Marrow Transplantation; Graft vs Host Disease; Graft vs Leukemia Effect; Graft vs Tumor Effect; Humans; Immunotherapy, Adoptive; Lymphoma; T-Lymphocytes; Transplantation, Homologous
PubMed: 11091179
DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2141.2000.02196.x -
British Journal of Haematology Mar 2017In vitro discoveries have paved the way for bench-to-bedside translation in adoptive T cell immunotherapy, resulting in remarkable clinical responses in a variety of... (Review)
Review
In vitro discoveries have paved the way for bench-to-bedside translation in adoptive T cell immunotherapy, resulting in remarkable clinical responses in a variety of haematological malignancies. Adoptively transferred T cells genetically modified to express CD19 CARs have shown great promise, although many unanswered questions regarding how to optimize T-cell therapies for both safety and efficacy remain. Similarly, T cells that recognize viral or tumour antigens though their native receptors have produced encouraging clinical responses. Honing manufacturing processes will increase the availability of T-cell products, while combining T-cell therapies has the ability to increase complete response rates. Lastly, innovative mechanisms to control these therapies may improve safety profiles while genome editing offers the prospect of modulating T-cell function. This review will focus on recent advances in T-cell immunotherapy, highlighting both clinical and pre-clinical advances, as well as exploring what the future holds.
Topics: Antigens, CD19; Hematologic Neoplasms; Humans; Immunotherapy; Immunotherapy, Adoptive; T-Lymphocytes
PubMed: 27897332
DOI: 10.1111/bjh.14470 -
Frontiers in Immunology 2022Advances from novel adoptive cellular therapies have yet to be fully realized for the treatment of children and young adults with solid tumors. This review discusses the... (Review)
Review
Advances from novel adoptive cellular therapies have yet to be fully realized for the treatment of children and young adults with solid tumors. This review discusses the strategies and preliminary results, including T-cell, NK-cell and myeloid cell-based therapies. While each of these approaches have shown some early promise, there remain challenges. These include poor trafficking to the tumor as well as a hostile tumor microenvironment with numerous immunosuppressive mechanisms which result in exhaustion of cellular therapies. We then turn our attention to new strategies proposed to address these challenges including novel clinical trials that are ongoing and in development.
Topics: Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy; Child; Humans; Immunotherapy, Adoptive; Neoplasms; Receptors, Chimeric Antigen; Tumor Microenvironment; Young Adult
PubMed: 35273619
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.846346 -
Frontiers in Immunology 2022
Topics: Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy; Immunotherapy, Adoptive; Logic
PubMed: 35572501
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.902594 -
International Journal of Molecular... Aug 2020Hematological malignancies define a highly heterogeneous set of blood-, bone marrow-, and organ-associated diseases with highly variable prognoses that constantly...
Hematological malignancies define a highly heterogeneous set of blood-, bone marrow-, and organ-associated diseases with highly variable prognoses that constantly relapse upon treatment [...].
Topics: Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Combined Modality Therapy; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; Drug Therapy, Combination; Hematologic Neoplasms; Humans; Immunotherapy; Immunotherapy, Adoptive; Molecular Targeted Therapy
PubMed: 32847013
DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176091 -
Molecular Therapy : the Journal of the... Apr 2019
Topics: Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy; Delivery of Health Care; Humans; Immunotherapy, Adoptive; Neoplasms; Receptors, Chimeric Antigen
PubMed: 30850208
DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2019.02.017 -
International Review of Cell and... 2022Recent advances in immunotherapy have revolutionized the treatment of cancer. The use of adoptive cell therapies (ACT) such as those based on tumor infiltrating... (Review)
Review
Recent advances in immunotherapy have revolutionized the treatment of cancer. The use of adoptive cell therapies (ACT) such as those based on tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) or genetically modified cells (transgenic TCR lymphocytes or CAR-T cells), has shown impressive results in the treatment of several types of cancers. However, cancer cells can exploit mechanisms to escape from immunosurveillance resulting in many patients not responding to these therapies or respond only transiently. The failure of immunotherapy to achieve long-term tumor control is multifactorial. On the one hand, only a limited percentage of the transferred lymphocytes is capable of circulating through the bloodstream, interacting and crossing the tumor endothelium to infiltrate the tumor. Metabolic competition, excessive glucose consumption, the high level of lactic acid secretion and the extracellular pH acidification, the shortage of essential amino acids, the hypoxic conditions or the accumulation of fatty acids in the tumor microenvironment (TME), greatly hinder the anti-tumor activity of the immune cells in ACT therapy strategies. Therefore, there is a new trend in immunotherapy research that seeks to unravel the fundamental biology that underpins the response to therapy and identifies new approaches to better amplify the efficacy of immunotherapies. In this review we address important aspects that may significantly affect the efficacy of ACT, indicating also the therapeutic alternatives that are currently being implemented to overcome these drawbacks.
Topics: Humans; Immunotherapy; Immunotherapy, Adoptive; Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating; Neoplasms; T-Lymphocytes; Tumor Microenvironment
PubMed: 35798502
DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2022.03.002 -
The New England Journal of Medicine Sep 2023
Topics: Humans; Immunotherapy, Adoptive; T-Lymphocytes; Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy; Cell Engineering
PubMed: 37672700
DOI: 10.1056/NEJMe2304744 -
Revue Medicale Suisse Jun 2024
Topics: Humans; Receptors, Chimeric Antigen; Autoimmune Diseases; Immunotherapy, Adoptive; T-Lymphocytes; Severity of Illness Index; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell
PubMed: 38836401
DOI: 10.53738/REVMED.2024.20.877.1139