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International Review of Neurobiology 2017Anosmia, the loss of sense of smell, is a common nonmotor feature of Parkinson's disease (PD). Ageusia, the loss of sense of taste, is additionally an underappreciated... (Review)
Review
Anosmia, the loss of sense of smell, is a common nonmotor feature of Parkinson's disease (PD). Ageusia, the loss of sense of taste, is additionally an underappreciated nonmotor feature of PD. The olfactory tract is involved early in PD as indicated by frequent occurrence of hyposmia or anosmia years or decades before motor symptoms and by autopsy studies showing early synuclein pathology in the olfactory tract and anterior olfactory nucleus even in the early stages of PD. Testing for olfaction consists of evaluation of olfactory thresholds, smell identification and discrimination, and olfactory memory. Testing for gustation involves evaluating thresholds and discrimination of five basic tastes (salty, sweet, bitter, sour, and umami). The presence of a specific pattern of loss in both olfaction and gustation in PD has been proposed, but this has not yet been confirmed. Within PD, olfactory loss is strongly tied with cognitive status though links to other features of PD or a particular PD phenotype is debated. Hyposmia is more often present and typically more severe in PD patients than other parkinsonian syndromes, making it a potentially useful biomarker for the disease.
Topics: Ageusia; Humans; Olfaction Disorders; Parkinson Disease
PubMed: 28802932
DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2017.05.028 -
International Forum of Allergy &... Sep 2020
Review
Topics: Ageusia; Betacoronavirus; COVID-19; Coronavirus Infections; Humans; Olfaction Disorders; Pandemics; Pneumonia, Viral; SARS-CoV-2
PubMed: 32342636
DOI: 10.1002/alr.22593 -
Ear, Nose, & Throat Journal Jun 2024To systematically review the cases of anosmia or ageusia after receiving the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine. A systematic search was conducted in... (Review)
Review
To systematically review the cases of anosmia or ageusia after receiving the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine. A systematic search was conducted in electronic databases, including Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, and PubMed, to identify any published study that evaluated the anosmia or ageusia after receiving the COVID-19 vaccine, including case reports, case series, letter to editor articles with reported cases regarding our topic, or observational studies with at least 1 eligible patient consisted with our criteria. We excluded the studies that reported anosmia or ageusia due to COVID-19 infection and non-COVID-19 vaccines. Five studies consisting of 11 patients were included in this systematic review. Of the 11 patients, 5 patients had received the Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine and 6 patients received the Oxford-AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine, of which 6 patients developed symptoms after the first dose of vaccination and 5 patients were symptomatic after the second vaccine dose. Most of the patients developed symptoms within 1 week after the vaccination. The disorders of the patients included partial or total anosmia, parosmia, phantosmia, hyposmia, ageusia, and dysgeusia. Also, the patients had symptoms other than smell or taste disorders, including arthralgia, fever, chills, rhinorrhea, myalgia, abdominal pain, fatigue, muscle weakness, altered bowel pattern, aural fullness, tinnitus, and headache. Most of the evaluated patients did not receive any treatment as for their disorders. However, in some cases, treatment with oral corticosteroids or dietary supplementation was required. Anosmia and ageusia are important symptoms of COVID-19 vaccination. These symptoms will resolve without any treatment in most cases, although some interventions may be needed in some patients.
Topics: Humans; Ageusia; Anosmia; COVID-19; COVID-19 Vaccines; Female; Male; Vaccination; SARS-CoV-2; Middle Aged; Adult; BNT162 Vaccine; Aged
PubMed: 38411125
DOI: 10.1177/01455613241233098 -
Journal Der Deutschen Dermatologischen... Sep 2023
Topics: Humans; Ageusia; Mpox (monkeypox)
PubMed: 37282803
DOI: 10.1111/ddg.15118 -
British Dental Journal Aug 2020
Topics: Ageusia; Anosmia; COVID-19; Humans; SARS-CoV-2
PubMed: 32811912
DOI: 10.1038/s41415-020-2009-5 -
International Journal of Molecular... Aug 2021The year 2020 became the year of the outbreak of coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, which escalated into a worldwide pandemic and continued into 2021. One of the unique symptoms... (Review)
Review
The year 2020 became the year of the outbreak of coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, which escalated into a worldwide pandemic and continued into 2021. One of the unique symptoms of the SARS-CoV-2 disease, COVID-19, is the loss of chemical senses, i.e., smell and taste. Smell training is one of the methods used in facilitating recovery of the olfactory sense, and it uses essential oils of lemon, rose, clove, and eucalyptus. These essential oils were not selected based on their chemical constituents. Although scientific studies have shown that they improve recovery, there may be better combinations for facilitating recovery. Many phytochemicals have bioactive properties with anti-inflammatory and anti-viral effects. In this review, we describe the chemical compounds with anti- inflammatory and anti-viral effects, and we list the plants that contain these chemical compounds. We expand the review from terpenes to the less volatile flavonoids in order to propose a combination of essential oils and diets that can be used to develop a new taste training method, as there has been no taste training so far. Finally, we discuss the possible use of these in clinical settings.
Topics: Ageusia; Anosmia; COVID-19; Humans; Phytochemicals; SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19 Drug Treatment
PubMed: 34445619
DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168912 -
The Journal of the Association of... Dec 2020COVID-19 is certainly the greatest global health problem now and for the foreseeable future. Clinicians and scientists from all over the world have been producing...
COVID-19 is certainly the greatest global health problem now and for the foreseeable future. Clinicians and scientists from all over the world have been producing evidence to understand the epidemiology, clinical profile and prognostic factors of COVID-19. In the last six months a large list of COVID-19 symptoms including loss of taste and smell have emerged which can be used for screening and risk stratification. Robust workup of this evidence will help to reach strong conclusions to advance clinical medicine, epidemiology, public health, immunology and evidence-based treatment options in the spectrum of disease that we now know as COVID-19.
Topics: Ageusia; Betacoronavirus; COVID-19; Coronavirus Infections; Humans; Olfaction Disorders; Pandemics; Pneumonia, Viral; SARS-CoV-2
PubMed: 33247646
DOI: No ID Found -
Pediatric Allergy and Immunology :... Jan 2022More than a year and a half after the beginning of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, symptoms, such as loss of smell and taste (anosmia and ageusia,...
More than a year and a half after the beginning of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, symptoms, such as loss of smell and taste (anosmia and ageusia, respectively), remain difficult to characterize and quantify, especially in children, since no validated tests to assess these disorders are available. However, these symptoms can also be seen in children, although less frequently than observed in the adult population. In this article, we present the results of a national survey that collected the responses of 267 Italian pediatricians on the presence of anosmia and ageusia in children affected by COVID-19. These data were then compared with existing literature.
Topics: Adult; Ageusia; Anosmia; COVID-19; Child; Humans; Pandemics; SARS-CoV-2
PubMed: 35080301
DOI: 10.1111/pai.13644 -
International Journal of Infectious... Jun 2021The cutaneous manifestations of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been covered insufficiently in the literature. (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
The cutaneous manifestations of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been covered insufficiently in the literature.
METHODS
Thirty-nine patients admitted to the study hospital with confirmed COVID-19 who experienced various skin manifestations during hospitalization or in the convalescence period, were analysed retrospectively.
RESULTS
Thirty-nine patients with COVID-19, admitted to the study hospital between 23 March and 12 September 2020, had intra-infectious rash or lesions of cutaneous vasculitis during convalescence. The most common cutaneous manifestations of COVID-19 were erythematous and erythematous papular rash. Twenty-seven of the 39 patients had anosmia (69.2%), 26 patients had ageusia (66.7%), 34 patients had pneumonia (87.2%) and 24 patients had intra-infectious enterocolitis (61.5%). Skin biopsies were rarely performed in these patients. This article reports the results of biopsies performed in two patients, showing histopathological and immunohistochemical changes in erythematous rash and erythema multiforme-like lesions. Both skin biopsies revealed early fibrous remodelling of the dermis, suggesting similarity with changes that occur in the lungs and other tissues in patients with COVID-19.
CONCLUSIONS
Correlations between skin lesions and anosmia, ageusia and enteritis in patients with COVID-19 do not seem to be accidental, but are associated with a similar response to ACE2 receptor expression in these tissues.
Topics: Ageusia; Anosmia; COVID-19; Enteritis; Female; Humans; Male; Retrospective Studies; SARS-CoV-2; Skin Diseases
PubMed: 33887455
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2021.04.058 -
Asian Journal of Surgery Nov 2023
Topics: Humans; Ageusia; Propofol; Anosmia; Anesthesia, General
PubMed: 37734983
DOI: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2023.07.001