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Neurology Jul 1984A 41-year-old man presented with bilateral posterior cerebral artery infarcts. He had visual object agnosia and prosopagnosia with preservation of reading abilities....
A 41-year-old man presented with bilateral posterior cerebral artery infarcts. He had visual object agnosia and prosopagnosia with preservation of reading abilities. There was also defective visual memory, topographic orientation, and color perception, as well as simultanagnosia. From the clinical facts and CT findings, it was postulated that bilateral visual-limbic disconnection accounted for the patient's visual agnosia and related disturbances.
Topics: Adult; Agnosia; Dyslexia, Acquired; Humans; Male; Psychological Tests; Vision Disorders
PubMed: 6539870
DOI: 10.1212/wnl.34.7.947 -
Cognitive Neuropsychiatry May 2012Mirrored-self misidentification is the delusional belief that one's reflection in the mirror is a stranger. Current theories suggest that one pathway to the delusion is...
INTRODUCTION
Mirrored-self misidentification is the delusional belief that one's reflection in the mirror is a stranger. Current theories suggest that one pathway to the delusion is mirror agnosia (a deficit in which patients are unable to use mirror knowledge when interacting with mirrors). This study examined whether a hypnotic suggestion for mirror agnosia can recreate features of the delusion.
METHOD
Ten high hypnotisable participants were given either a suggestion to not understand mirrors or to see the mirror as a window. Participants were asked to look into a mirror and describe what they saw. Participants were tested on their understanding of mirrors and received a series of challenges. Participants then received a detailed postexperimental inquiry.
RESULTS
Three of five participants given the suggestion to not understand mirrors reported seeing a stranger and maintained this belief when challenged. These participants also showed signs of mirror agnosia. No participants given the suggestion to see a window reported seeing a stranger.
CONCLUSION
Results indicate that a hypnotic suggestion for mirror agnosia can be used to recreate the mirrored-self misidentification delusion. Factors influencing the effectiveness of hypnotic analogues of psychopathology, such as participants' expectations and interpretations, are discussed.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Agnosia; Delusions; Female; Humans; Hypnosis; Male; Self Concept; Suggestion; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 21899479
DOI: 10.1080/13546805.2011.582770 -
American Journal of Physical Medicine &... Nov 2021Acquired focal visuoperceptual deficits are rarely reported, and rehabilitation strategies are not well established. This is a report on visuoperceptual deficit after...
Acquired focal visuoperceptual deficits are rarely reported, and rehabilitation strategies are not well established. This is a report on visuoperceptual deficit after traumatic brain injury that initially went unnoticed. Missing visual agnosia is not unusual especially when perceptual deficits present with visual field defects, impaired insight, and inattention. This case is made more interesting because of the rarity of visual agnosia with predominant ventral pathway involvement, affecting object and face recognition. This report provides a brief discussion on visual agnosia spectrum deficits and rehabilitation measures.
Topics: Adolescent; Agnosia; Brain Injury, Chronic; Female; Humans; Medical Illustration; Neurological Rehabilitation; Neuropsychological Tests; Visual Perception
PubMed: 34001836
DOI: 10.1097/PHM.0000000000001792 -
Revue Neurologique 1991A 33-year old patient who had had left lenticular hemorrhage presented with an inability to understand with the right ear oral language and, in a less dramatic way,... (Review)
Review
A 33-year old patient who had had left lenticular hemorrhage presented with an inability to understand with the right ear oral language and, in a less dramatic way, nonverbal sounds. This unilateral auditory agnosia was first associated with a right motor underutilization and right motor, sensitive, visual and auditive extinctions. Speech discrimination scores were 100% with the left ear and 15% with the right ear, even less in dichotic conditions. Tonal audiogram, as well as early and late components of the auditory evoked potentials were normal. Cerebral regional perfusion and metabolism were impaired over the left parietotemporal area. There was severe hypoactivation of the left hemisphere with right monaural verbal stimulations. Rehabilitation consisting of non-specific attention tasks and repetitions of words reaching only the right ear was undertaken 15 months after the stroke. The oral language comprehension improved, as did the left hemisphere activation, and the extinction phenomena disappeared, except for the auditory one. The unilaterality of the auditory agnosia could be due, in part, to a peculiar physiological processing in this patient, such as poor performance of his right ipsilateral auditory pathway which could be improved with practice. A striatal lesion could induce a spatial hemi-inattention as reflected by the multimodal extinction in this case. Besides, a lack of selective activation for verbal stimulation of the left hemisphere is suggested.
Topics: Adult; Agnosia; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Corpus Striatum; Humans; Male; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon
PubMed: 2028146
DOI: No ID Found -
Neurology Nov 2016
Topics: Aged; Agnosia; Cerebral Cortex; Cognition Disorders; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Neuropsychological Tests
PubMed: 27821572
DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000003306 -
Journal of Alzheimer's Disease : JAD 2021D. Frank Benson and colleagues first described the clinical and neuropathological features of posterior cortical atrophy (PCA) from patients in the UCLA Neurobehavior... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
D. Frank Benson and colleagues first described the clinical and neuropathological features of posterior cortical atrophy (PCA) from patients in the UCLA Neurobehavior Program.
OBJECTIVE
We reviewed the Program's subsequent clinical experience with PCA, and its potential for clarifying this relatively rare syndrome in comparison to the accumulated literature on PCA.
METHODS
Using the original criteria derived from this clinic, 65 patients with neuroimaging-supported PCA were diagnosed between 1995 and 2020.
RESULTS
On presentation, most had visual localization complaints and related visuospatial symptoms, but nearly half had memory complaints followed by symptoms of depression. Neurobehavioral testing showed predominant difficulty with visuospatial constructions, Gerstmann's syndrome, and Balint's syndrome, but also impaired memory and naming. On retrospective application of the current Consensus Criteria for PCA, 59 (91%) met PCA criteria with a modification allowing for "significantly greater visuospatial over memory and naming deficits." There were 37 deaths (56.9%) with the median overall survival of 10.3 years (95% CI: 9.6-13.6 years), consistent with a slow neurodegenerative disorder in most patients.
CONCLUSION
Together, these findings recommend modifying the PCA criteria for "relatively spared" memory, language, and behavior to include secondary memory and naming difficulty and depression, with increased emphasis on the presence of Gerstmann's and Balint's syndromes.
Topics: Agnosia; Alzheimer Disease; Atrophy; Biomarkers; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Gerstmann Syndrome; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Neuroimaging; Neuropsychological Tests; Occipital Lobe; Parietal Lobe
PubMed: 34057092
DOI: 10.3233/JAD-210368 -
BMJ Case Reports Jan 2013
Topics: Aged; Agnosia; Audiometry, Pure-Tone; Auditory Perception; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Nephrotic Syndrome
PubMed: 23322309
DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2012-008164 -
Behavioural Neurology 2008We report a case of massive associative visual agnosia. In the light of current theories of identification and semantic knowledge organization, a deficit involving both...
We report a case of massive associative visual agnosia. In the light of current theories of identification and semantic knowledge organization, a deficit involving both levels of structural description system and visual semantics must be assumed to explain the case. We suggest, in line with a previous case study, an alternative account in the framework of (non abstractive) episodic models of memory.
Topics: Agnosia; Association; Brain; Heart Arrest; Humans; Hypoxia, Brain; Male; Middle Aged; Neuropsychological Tests; Recognition, Psychology; Severity of Illness Index
PubMed: 18413915
DOI: 10.1155/2008/241753 -
Cortex; a Journal Devoted To the Study... Dec 2014Somatoparaphrenia, a syndrome that involves at a minimum unawareness of ownership of a body part, in addition involves productive features including delusional... (Review)
Review
Somatoparaphrenia, a syndrome that involves at a minimum unawareness of ownership of a body part, in addition involves productive features including delusional misidentification and confabulation. In this review we describe some of the clinical and neuroanatomical features of somatoparaphrenia highlighting its delusional and confabulatory aspects. Possible theoretical frameworks are reviewed taking into account cognitive, psychodynamic, and philosophical views. We suggest that future studies should approach this syndrome through investigations of structural and functional connectivity and focus on the possible interplay between alterations in major functional networks of the brain, such as the default mode and salience networks, but also take into account motivational variables.
Topics: Agnosia; Brain; Brain Mapping; Delusions; Humans; Nerve Net; Neuropsychological Tests
PubMed: 25481466
DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2014.07.004 -
Revue Medicale de Liege Oct 1973
Topics: Agnosia; Aphasia; Audiometry; Auditory Perception; Brain Diseases; Hearing Disorders; Humans; Perceptual Disorders
PubMed: 4757064
DOI: No ID Found