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Virulence Dec 2021The highly contagious whooping cough agent has evolved as a human-restricted pathogen from a progenitor which also gave rise to and . While the latter colonizes a... (Review)
Review
The highly contagious whooping cough agent has evolved as a human-restricted pathogen from a progenitor which also gave rise to and . While the latter colonizes a broad range of mammals and is able to survive in the environment, has lost its ability to survive outside its host through massive genome decay. Instead, it has become a highly successful human pathogen by the acquisition of tightly regulated virulence factors and evolutionary adaptation of its metabolism to its particular niche. By the deployment of an arsenal of highly sophisticated virulence factors it overcomes many of the innate immune defenses. It also interferes with vaccine-induced adaptive immunity by various mechanisms. Here, we review data from , human and animal models to illustrate the mechanisms of adaptation to the human respiratory tract and provide evidence of ongoing evolutionary adaptation as a highly successful human pathogen.
Topics: Animals; Bordetella bronchiseptica; Bordetella parapertussis; Bordetella pertussis; Humans; Mammals; Virulence; Virulence Factors
PubMed: 34590541
DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2021.1980987 -
Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering Aug 2021Alcaligenaceae and Chromatiaceae were previously reported as the specific pollution bioindicators in the receiving river water contaminated by palm oil mill effluent...
Alcaligenaceae and Chromatiaceae were previously reported as the specific pollution bioindicators in the receiving river water contaminated by palm oil mill effluent (POME) final discharge. Considering the inevitable sensitivity of bacteria under environmental stresses, it is crucial to assess the survivability of both bacteria in the fluctuated environmental factors, proving their credibility as POME pollution bioindicators in the environment. In this study, the survivability of Alcaligenaceae and Chromatiaceae from facultative pond, algae (aerobic) pond and final discharge were evaluated under varying sets of temperature (25-40°C), pH (pH 7-9) and low/high total suspended solid (TSS) contents of POME collected during low/high crop seasons of oil palm, respectively. Following treatment, the viability status and compositions of the bacterial community were assessed using flow cytometry-based assay and high-throughput Illumina MiSeq, respectively, in correlation with the changes of physicochemical properties. The changes in temperature, pH and TSS indeed changed the physicochemical properties of POME. The functionality of bacterial cells was also shifted where the viable cells and high nucleic acid contents reduced at elevated levels of temperature and pH but increased at high TSS content. Interestingly, the Alcaligenaceae and Chromatiaceae continuously detected in the samples which accounted for more than 0.5% of relative abundance, with a positive correlation with biological oxygen demand (BOD) concentration. Therefore, either Alcaligenaceae or Chromatiaceae or both could be regarded as the reliable and specific bacterial indicators to indicate the pollution in river water due to POME final discharge despite the fluctuations in temperature, pH and TSS.
Topics: Alcaligenaceae; Chromatiaceae; Environmental Biomarkers; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Industrial Waste; Palm Oil; Plant Oils; Temperature; Waste Disposal, Fluid
PubMed: 34074597
DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2021.04.014 -
Pathogens and Disease Nov 2015Bordetella pertussis and B. bronchiseptica are Gram-negative bacterial respiratory pathogens. Bordetella pertussis is the causative agent of whooping cough and is... (Review)
Review
Bordetella pertussis and B. bronchiseptica are Gram-negative bacterial respiratory pathogens. Bordetella pertussis is the causative agent of whooping cough and is considered a human-adapted variant of B. bronchiseptica. Bordetella pertussis and B. bronchiseptica share mechanisms of pathogenesis and are genetically closely related. However, despite the close genetic relatedness, these Bordetella species differ in several classic fundamental aspects of bacterial pathogens such as host range, pathologies and persistence. The development of the baboon model for the study of B. pertussis transmission, along with the development of the swine and mouse model for the study of B. bronchiseptica, has enabled the investigation of different aspects of transmission including the route, attack rate, role of bacterial and host factors, and the impact of vaccination on transmission. This review will focus on B. pertussis transmission and how animal models of B. pertussis transmission and transmission models using the closely related B. bronchiseptica have increased our understanding of B. pertussis transmission.
Topics: Animals; Bordetella bronchiseptica; Bordetella pertussis; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Transmission, Infectious; Humans; Mice; Papio; Swine; Whooping Cough
PubMed: 26374235
DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftv068 -
International Journal of Systematic and... Apr 2022Strain NGK35 is a motile, Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped (1.0-2.1 µm long and 0.6-0.8 µm wide), aerobic bacterium that was isolated from plastic-polluted landfill...
Strain NGK35 is a motile, Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped (1.0-2.1 µm long and 0.6-0.8 µm wide), aerobic bacterium that was isolated from plastic-polluted landfill soil. The strain grew at temperatures between 6 and 37 °C (optimum, 28 °C), in 0-10 % NaCl (optimum, 1 %) and at pH 6.0-9.5 (optimum, pH 7.5-8.5). It was positive for cytochrome c oxidase, catalase as well as HS production, and hydrolysed casein and urea. It used a variety of different carbon sources including citrate, lactate and pyruvate. The predominant membrane fatty acids were C cis9 and C, followed by C cyclo and C cis11. The major polar lipids were phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine, followed by diphosphatidyglycerol. The only quinone was ubiquinone Q-8. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain NGK35 belongs to the genus (family ), appearing most closely related to CCUG 53761A (96.90 %) and ABC02-12 (96.94 %). The genomic DNA G+C content of strain NGK35 was 52.1 mol %. Genome-based calculations (genome-to-genome distance, average nucleotide identity and DNA G+C content) clearly indicated that the isolate represents a novel species within the genus . Based on phenotypic and molecular characterization, strain NGK35 can clearly be differentiated from its phylogenetic neighbours establishing a novel species, for which the name sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is NGK35 (=DSM 113270=NCCB 100854).
Topics: Alcaligenaceae; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Base Composition; DNA, Bacterial; Fatty Acids; Phylogeny; Plastics; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Ubiquinone
PubMed: 35467502
DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.005333 -
Revista Chilena de Infectologia :... Feb 2012
Topics: Alcaligenaceae
PubMed: 22552519
DOI: 10.4067/S0716-10182012000100016 -
Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift... Sep 1964
Topics: Adolescent; Antibody Formation; Bordetella; Bordetella pertussis; Child; Humans; Infant; Pneumonia; Whooping Cough
PubMed: 14189785
DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1113190 -
International Journal of Systematic and... Oct 2019One Gram-negative aerobic bacterial strain was isolated from the bark tissue of and investigated using a polyphasic approach including 16S rRNA gene sequencing and...
One Gram-negative aerobic bacterial strain was isolated from the bark tissue of and investigated using a polyphasic approach including 16S rRNA gene sequencing and both phenotypic and chemotaxonomic assays. The 16S rRNA gene and housekeeping gene phylogenies suggest that the novel isolate is different from the other genera of the family The G+C content, major fatty acids, physiological and biochemical data supported the distinctiveness of the novel strain from reference species. The major fatty acids detected in the novel isolate were Cω7 and/or Cω6, C, C 3OH and/or CisoI and Cω7. The phospholipid profile of strain d3-2-2 contained diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, aminolipid, aminophospholipid and an unidentified lipid. The quinone of the novel isolate was Q-8. Therefore, based on the data, the strain constitutes a novel species of a novel genus within the family , for which the name gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 3d-2-2 (=CFCC 11891=KCTC 52807).
Topics: Alcaligenaceae; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Base Composition; China; DNA, Bacterial; Fatty Acids; Phospholipids; Phylogeny; Plant Bark; Populus; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Ubiquinone
PubMed: 31140966
DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.003483 -
BMC Infectious Diseases Aug 2021Bordetella avium, an aerobic bacterium that rarely causes infection in humans, is a species of Bordetella that generally inhabits the respiratory tracts of turkeys and...
BACKGROUND
Bordetella avium, an aerobic bacterium that rarely causes infection in humans, is a species of Bordetella that generally inhabits the respiratory tracts of turkeys and other birds. It causes a highly contagious bordetellosis. Few reports describe B. avium as a causative agent of eye-related infections.
CASE PRESENTATION
We report a case of acute infectious endophthalmitis associated with infection by B. avium after open trauma. After emergency vitrectomy and subsequent broad-spectrum antibiotic treatment, the infection was controlled successfully, and the patient's vision improved.
CONCLUSIONS
B. avium can cause infection in the human eye, which can manifest as acute purulent endophthalmitis. Nanopore targeted sequencing technology can quickly identify this organism. Emergency vitrectomy combined with lens removal and silicone oil tamponade and the early application of broad-spectrum antibiotics are key for successful treatment.
Topics: Bordetella; Bordetella avium; Cataract Extraction; Endophthalmitis; Humans; Vitrectomy
PubMed: 34412580
DOI: 10.1186/s12879-021-06546-1 -
Systematic and Applied Microbiology Jan 2017Dioscorea sansibarensis is a monocot species of inedible yam native of tropical Africa and Madagascar. Leaves of D. sansibarensis feature prominent acumen glands that...
Dioscorea sansibarensis is a monocot species of inedible yam native of tropical Africa and Madagascar. Leaves of D. sansibarensis feature prominent acumen glands that are densely colonized by bacteria. We describe here the isolation and characterization of bacteria from leaf glands of D. sansibarensis specimens obtained from various botanical gardens. Phylogenetic and phenotypic characterizations indicate that the isolates belong to a novel genus and species of the Alcaligenaceae family for which we propose the name Orrella dioscoreae gen. nov. sp. nov., with type strain LMG 29303 [=CIP 111009]. Strains isolated from different plants show limited phylogenetic and phenotypic diversity, indicating specific and tight association of the bacteria with the host plant. The analysis of the draft genome of strain LMG 29303 reveals features consistent with a recently evolved plant-associated lifestyle.
Topics: Alcaligenaceae; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Cluster Analysis; DNA, Bacterial; DNA, Ribosomal; Dioscorea; Fatty Acids; Genome, Bacterial; Madagascar; Phylogeny; Plant Leaves; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA
PubMed: 27913074
DOI: 10.1016/j.syapm.2016.10.002 -
Canadian Journal of Microbiology Apr 1961
Topics: Bacteriophages; Bordetella; Bordetella bronchiseptica
PubMed: 13739786
DOI: 10.1139/m61-017