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Medical Microbiology and Immunology Aug 2010Bordetella pertussis, the etiological agent of whooping cough, belongs to the bacterial pathogens first described in the so-called golden era of microbiology more than... (Review)
Review
Bordetella pertussis, the etiological agent of whooping cough, belongs to the bacterial pathogens first described in the so-called golden era of microbiology more than 100 years ago. In the course of the following decades, several other closely related pathogens were described which are nowadays classified in the genus Bordetella together with B. pertussis. These are the human and animal pathogens B. parapertussis, B. bronchiseptica and B. avium which are of high medical or veterinary interest, and which, together with B. pertussis, are referred to as the "classical" Bordetella species. Only in the past 15 years, several additional species were classified in the genus, frequently isolated from patients with underlying disease, animals or from the environment. Very little is known about most of these bacteria. In the present review, the current knowledge about these "new" Bordetella species is briefly summarized.
Topics: Animals; Bordetella; Bordetella Infections; Environmental Microbiology; Genetic Variation; Humans
PubMed: 20390299
DOI: 10.1007/s00430-010-0148-z -
Comparative Medicine Feb 2003Bordetella bronchiseptica has long been associated with respiratory tract infections in laboratory research, food-producing, companion, and wildlife animal species. Its... (Review)
Review
Bordetella bronchiseptica has long been associated with respiratory tract infections in laboratory research, food-producing, companion, and wildlife animal species. Its range of distribution also may include humans and contaminated inanimate environmental sources. Natural diseases due to B. bronchiseptica infections in laboratory rats and mice were described before many of the major pathogens of these hosts were discovered. To our knowledge, there are no recent reports of natural disease due to B. bronchiseptica in these species; as a result, some have questioned its role as a natural pathogen in murine hosts. We reviewed occurrence of natural B. bronchiseptica infections and present information gained from recent experimental infection studies in murine hosts. We also discuss the potential impact of natural B. bronchiseptica infections on research and methods of control.
Topics: Animals; Bordetella Infections; Bordetella bronchiseptica; Mice; Rats; Virulence
PubMed: 12625502
DOI: No ID Found -
Trends in Microbiology Aug 2003
Review
Topics: Bacterial Proteins; Bordetella bronchiseptica; Bordetella pertussis; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; Signal Transduction; Transcription Factors; Virulence Factors, Bordetella
PubMed: 12915094
DOI: 10.1016/s0966-842x(03)00156-2 -
International Journal of Systematic and... Apr 2018A bacterial strain designated KMB9 was isolated from a freshwater pond in Taiwan and characterized using a polyphasic taxonomy approach. Cells of strain KMB9 were...
A bacterial strain designated KMB9 was isolated from a freshwater pond in Taiwan and characterized using a polyphasic taxonomy approach. Cells of strain KMB9 were Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, poly-β-hydroxybutyrate-accumulating, motile by means of a monopolar flagellum, non-spore-forming and rods surrounded by a thick capsule and forming white-coloured colonies. Growth occurred at 20-40 °C (optimum, 25-37 °C), at pH 6.5-7.5 (optimum, pH 7.0) and with 0-0.5 % NaCl (optimum, 0 %). Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene and four housekeeping gene sequences (recA, rpoA, rpoB and atpD) showed that strain KMB9 forms a distinct phyletic line within the family Alcaligenaceae, and the levels of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to its closest relatives with validly published names were less than 93.3 %. The predominant fatty acids were summed feature 3 (comprising C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c), C16 : 0 and C18 : 1ω7c. The major isoprenoid quinone was Q-8. The major polyamine was putrescine. The polar lipid profile revealed the presence of phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and several uncharacterized aminophospholipids, aminolipids, phospholipids and lipids. The genomic DNA G+C content of strain KMB9 was 54.5 mol%. On the basis of the genotypic and phenotypic data, strain KMB9 represents a novel species of a new genus in the family Alcaligenaceae, for which the name Parvibium lacunae gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is KMB9 (=BCRC 81053=LMG 30055=KCTC 52814).
Topics: Alcaligenaceae; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Base Composition; DNA, Bacterial; Fatty Acids; Genes, Bacterial; Hydroxybutyrates; Phospholipids; Phylogeny; Polyesters; Ponds; Putrescine; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Taiwan; Vitamin K 2; Water Microbiology
PubMed: 29498621
DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.002667 -
International Journal of Systematic and... Apr 2017A new betaproteobacterium, CGII-59m2T, was isolated from an activated sludge bioreactor which treated landfill leachate. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed...
A new betaproteobacterium, CGII-59m2T, was isolated from an activated sludge bioreactor which treated landfill leachate. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that strain CGII-59m2T belonged to the family Alcaligenaceae and shared the highest pairwise similarity values with Parapusillimonas granuli LMG 24012T (97.7 %), various species of the genus Bordetella (97.3-97.0 %) and Candidimonas nitroreducens LMG 24812T (97.0 %). Cells of strain CGII-59m2T were rod-shaped, non-motile, and oxidase- and catalase-positive. The predominant fatty acids were C16 : 1ω7c, C16 : 0, cyclo C17 : 0 and C18 : 1ω7c, the major respiratory quinone was Q-8, and the main polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol and an unknown phospholipid. The G+C content of the genomic DNA of strain CGII-59m2T was 62.3 mol%. The new bacterium can be distinguished from the closely related type strains based on its non-motile cells and its high C16 : 1ω7c fatty acid content. On the basis of the phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and molecular data, strain CGII-59m2T is considered to represent a novel species of a new genus, for which the name Caenimicrobium hargitense gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CGII-59m2T (=DSM 29806T=NCAIM B.02615T).
Topics: Alcaligenaceae; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Base Composition; Bioreactors; DNA, Bacterial; Fatty Acids; Phospholipids; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Romania; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Sewage; Ubiquinone
PubMed: 27902326
DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.001674 -
Journal of Clinical Microbiology Oct 2005
Review
Topics: Adult; Bordetella; Bordetella Infections; Bordetella pertussis; Child; DNA, Bacterial; Humans; Nasopharynx; Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques; Whooping Cough
PubMed: 16207944
DOI: 10.1128/JCM.43.10.4925-4929.2005 -
Current Opinion in Biotechnology Oct 2014Polythioesters (PTE) contain sulfur in the backbone and represent persistent biopolymers, which are produced by certain chemical procedures as well as biotechnological... (Review)
Review
Polythioesters (PTE) contain sulfur in the backbone and represent persistent biopolymers, which are produced by certain chemical procedures as well as biotechnological in vitro and in vivo techniques. Different building blocks can be incorporated, resulting in PTE with variable features that could become interesting for special purposes. Particularly, the option to produce PTE in large-scale and in accordance with the methods of white biotechnology or green chemistry is valuable due to economical potentials and public environmental consciousness. This review is focused on the synthesis of PTE by the three established bacterial production strains Ralstonia eutropha, Escherichia coli and Advenella mimigardefordensis. In addition, an overview of the in vitro production and degradation of PTE is depicted.
Topics: Alcaligenaceae; Biopolymers; Cupriavidus necator; Escherichia coli; Esters; Sulfhydryl Compounds
PubMed: 24681198
DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2014.02.017 -
International Journal of Systematic and... Jun 2024A Gram-negative, motile, rod-shaped aerobic and alkalogenic bacterium, designated as strain YLCF04, was isolated from chicken faeces. Its growth was optimal at 28 °C...
A Gram-negative, motile, rod-shaped aerobic and alkalogenic bacterium, designated as strain YLCF04, was isolated from chicken faeces. Its growth was optimal at 28 °C (range, 10-40 °C), pH 8 (range, pH 6-9) and in 1 % (w/v) NaCl (range, 0-10 %). It was classified to the genus and was most closely related to CCUG 53761A (97.5 % similarity) based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. Average nucleotide identity and digital DNA-DNA hybridization values between YLCF04 and CCUG 53761A were 76.3 and 18.2 %, respectively. Strain YLCF04 has a genome size of 2.7 Mb with DNA G+C content of 46.3 mol%. Based on its phylogenetic, genomic, phenotypic and biochemical characteristics, strain YLCF04 represents a novel species of the genus , for which the name sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is YLCF04 (=CCTCC AB 2022359= KCTC 92789).
Topics: Animals; Base Composition; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Chickens; Feces; DNA, Bacterial; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Alcaligenaceae; Fatty Acids; Genome, Bacterial
PubMed: 38896454
DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.006429 -
MBio Oct 2022Hereditary symbioses have the potential to drive transgenerational effects, yet the mechanisms responsible for transmission of heritable plant symbionts are still poorly...
Hereditary symbioses have the potential to drive transgenerational effects, yet the mechanisms responsible for transmission of heritable plant symbionts are still poorly understood. The leaf symbiosis between and the bacterium offers an appealing model system to study how heritable bacteria are transmitted to the next generation. Here, we demonstrate that inoculation of apical buds with a bacterial suspension is sufficient to colonize newly formed leaves and propagules, and to ensure transmission to the next plant generation. Flagellar motility is not required for movement inside the plant but is important for the colonization of new hosts. Further, tissue-specific regulation of putative symbiotic functions highlights the presence of two distinct subpopulations of bacteria in the leaf gland and at the shoot meristem. We propose that bacteria in the leaf gland dedicate resources to symbiotic functions, while dividing bacteria in the shoot tip ensure successful colonization of meristematic tissue, glands, and propagules. Compartmentalization of intrahost populations together with tissue-specific regulation may serve as a robust mechanism for the maintenance of mutualism in leaf symbiosis. Hereditary symbioses with bacteria are common in the animal kingdom, but relatively unexplored in plants. Several plant species form associations with bacteria in their leaves, which is called leaf symbiosis. These associations are highly specific, but the mechanisms responsible for symbiont transmission are poorly understood. Using the association between the yam species and as a model leaf symbiosis, we show that bacteria are distributed to specific leaf structures via association with shoot meristems. Flagellar motility is required for initial infection but does not contribute to spread within host tissue. We also provide evidence that bacterial subpopulations at the meristem or in the symbiotic leaf gland differentially express key symbiotic genes. We argue that this separation of functional symbiont populations, coupled with tight control over bacterial infection and transmission, explain the evolutionary robustness of leaf symbiosis. These findings may provide insights into how plants may recruit and maintain beneficial symbionts at the leaf surface.
Topics: Animals; Symbiosis; Alcaligenaceae; Plant Leaves; Bacteria; Plants
PubMed: 36040028
DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01033-22 -
International Journal of Systematic and... May 2005The taxonomic position of a Pseudomonas-like strain, designated BN9(T), was investigated. This strain had previously been isolated as a 5-aminosalicylate-degrading...
The taxonomic position of a Pseudomonas-like strain, designated BN9(T), was investigated. This strain had previously been isolated as a 5-aminosalicylate-degrading organism from a 6-aminonaphthalene-2-sulphonate-degrading mixed bacterial culture. Previously, detection of ubiquinone Q-8, a polyamine pattern with putrescine, spermidine and 2-hydroxyputrescine as the major polyamines, and partial 16S rRNA gene sequencing had suggested that strain BN9(T) belongs to the 'Betaproteobacteria'. This was supported by sequencing the 16S rRNA gene, which demonstrated 94-96 % sequence similarity to different species of the genera Achromobacter, Alcaligenes and Bordetella, and suggested that strain BN9(T) represents a member of the family Alcaligenaceae. Different methods for the construction of phylogenetic dendrograms placed the strain separately from all other genera within the Alcaligenaceae. Fatty acid analysis demonstrated the presence of high concentrations of C(19 : 0) cyclo omega8c. On the basis of low 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to other members of the Alcaligenaceae, fatty acid and polar lipid profiles, and other unique phenotypic properties of strain BN9(T), the creation of a new genus and species with the name Pusillimonas noertemannii gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is BN9(T) (= DSM 10065(T) = NCIMB 14020(T)).
Topics: Alcaligenaceae; DNA, Bacterial; DNA, Ribosomal; Fatty Acids; Genes, rRNA; Molecular Sequence Data; Phospholipids; Phylogeny; RNA, Bacterial; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA
PubMed: 15879236
DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.63466-0