-
ACS Applied Bio Materials Nov 2023The utilization of guided tissue regeneration membranes is a significant approach for enhancing bone tissue growth in areas with bone defects. Biodegradable magnesium...
The utilization of guided tissue regeneration membranes is a significant approach for enhancing bone tissue growth in areas with bone defects. Biodegradable magnesium alloys are increasingly being used as guided tissue regeneration membranes due to their outstanding osteogenic properties. However, the degradation rates of magnesium alloy bone implants documented in the literature tend to be rapid. Moreover, many studies focus only on the initial 3-month period post-implantation, limiting their applicability and impeding clinical adoption. Furthermore, scant attention has been given to the interplay between the degradation of magnesium alloy implants and the adjacent tissues. To address these gaps, this study employs a well-studied magnesium-aluminum (Mg-Al) alloy membrane with a slow degradation rate. This membrane is implanted into rat skull bone defects and monitored over an extended period of up to 48 weeks. Observations are conducted at various intervals (2, 4, 8, 12, 24, and 48 weeks) following the implantation. Assessment of degradation behavior and tissue regeneration response is carried out using histological sections, micro-CT scans, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The findings reveal that the magnesium alloy membranes demonstrate remarkable biocompatibility and osteogenic capability over the entire observation duration. Specifically, the Mg-Al alloy membranes sustain their structural integrity for 8 weeks. Notably, their osteogenic ability is further enhanced as a corrosion product layer forms during the later stages of implantation. Additionally, our in vitro experiments employing extracts from the magnesium alloy display a significant osteogenic effect, accompanied by a notable increase in the expression of osteogenic-related genes. Collectively, these results strongly indicate the substantial potential of Mg-Al alloy membranes in the context of guided tissue regeneration.
Topics: Rats; Animals; Alloys; Magnesium; Aluminum; Bone Regeneration; Osteogenesis
PubMed: 37865928
DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00488 -
Journal of Visualized Experiments : JoVE Mar 2024This protocol describes the synthesis of Au nanoparticle seeds and the subsequent formation of Au-Sn bimetallic nanoparticles. These nanoparticles have potential...
This protocol describes the synthesis of Au nanoparticle seeds and the subsequent formation of Au-Sn bimetallic nanoparticles. These nanoparticles have potential applications in catalysis, optoelectronics, imaging, and drug delivery. Previously, methods for producing alloy nanoparticles have been time-consuming, require complex reaction conditions, and can have inconsistent results. The outlined protocol first describes the synthesis of approximately 13 nm Au nanoparticle seeds using the Turkevich method. The protocol next describes the reduction of Sn and its incorporation into the Au seeds to generate Au-Sn alloy nanoparticles. The optical and structural characterization of these nanoparticles is described. Optically, prominent localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPRs) are apparent using UV-visible spectroscopy. Structurally, powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) reflects all particles to be less than 20 nm and shows patterns for Au, Sn, and multiple Au-Sn intermetallic phases. Spherical morphology and size distribution are obtained from transmission electron microscopy (TEM) imaging. TEM reveals that after Sn incorporation, the nanoparticles grow to approximately 15 nm in diameter.
Topics: Gold Alloys; Silver; Gold; Tin; Metal Nanoparticles; Alloys
PubMed: 38557764
DOI: 10.3791/66628 -
Acta Biomaterialia Apr 2022The comprehensively adopted copper-containing intrauterine devices (Cu-IUDs) present typical adverse effects such as bleeding and pain at the initial stage of...
The comprehensively adopted copper-containing intrauterine devices (Cu-IUDs) present typical adverse effects such as bleeding and pain at the initial stage of post-implantation. The replacement of Cu material is demanded. Zinc and its alloys, the emerging biodegradable materials, exhibited contraceptive effects since 1969. In this work, we evaluated the feasibility of bulk Zn alloys as IUD active material. Using pure Cu and pure Zn as control groups, we investigated the contraceptive performance of Zn-0.5Cu and Zn-1Cu alloys via in vitro and in vivo tests. The results showed that the main corrosion product of Zn-Cu alloys is ZnO from both in vitro and in vivo studies. CaZn(PO)·2HO is formed atop after long-term immersion in simulated uterine fluid, whereas CaCO is generally formed atop after implantation in the rat uterine environment. The cytocompatibility of the Zn-1Cu alloy was significantly higher than that of the pure Zn and pure Cu to the human endometrial epithelial cell lines. Furthermore, the in vivo results showed that the Zn-1Cu alloy presented much improved histocompatibility, least damage and the fastest recovery on endometrium structure in comparison to pure Zn, Zn-0.5Cu and pure Cu. The systematic and comparing studies suggest that Zn-1Cu alloy can be considered as a possible candidate for IUD with great biochemical and biocompatible properties as well as high contraceptive effectiveness. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The existing adverse effects with the intrinsic properties of copper materials for copper-containing intrauterine devices (Cu-IUD) are of concerns in their employment. Such as burst release of cupric ions (Cu) at the initial stage of the Cu-IUD. Zinc and its alloys which have been emerging as a potential biodegradable material exhibited contraceptive effects since 1969. In this study, Zn-1Cu alloys displayed significantly improved biocompatibility with human uterus cells and a decreased inflammatory response within the uterus. Therefore, high antifertility efficacy of the Zn-1Cu alloy was well maintained, while the adverse effects are significantly eased, suggesting that the Zn-1Cu alloy is promising for IUD.
Topics: Alloys; Animals; Contraceptive Agents; Copper; Corrosion; Feasibility Studies; Female; Materials Testing; Rats; Zinc
PubMed: 35108602
DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.01.053 -
Journal of Biomedical Materials... Jan 2020In this study, a degradable magnesium alloy WE43 (Mg-3.56%Y-2.20%Nd-0.47%Zr) was used as a research object. To refine its microstructure from the initial homogenized...
In this study, a degradable magnesium alloy WE43 (Mg-3.56%Y-2.20%Nd-0.47%Zr) was used as a research object. To refine its microstructure from the initial homogenized one, the alloy was subjected to severe plastic deformation (SPD) by equal channel angular pressing (ECAP). The data presented show that coincubation of tumor LNCaP and MDA-MB-231 cells with the WE43 alloy in the homogenized and the ECAP-processed states led to a decrease in their viability and proliferation. An increase in the concentration of Annexin V(+) cells during coincubation with samples in both microstructural states investigated was also observed. This is associated with the induction of apoptosis in the cell culture through contact with the samples. Concurrently, a significant drop in the concentration of Bcl-2(+) cells occurred. It was established that ECAP led to an enhancement of the cytotoxic activity of the alloy against tumor cells. This study demonstrated that alloy WE43 can be considered as a promising candidate for application in orthopedic implants in clinical oncology, where it could play a double role of a mechanically stable, yet bioresorbable, scaffold with local antitumor activity. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 108B:167-173, 2020.
Topics: Absorbable Implants; Alloys; Cell Line, Tumor; Cytotoxins; Humans; Neoplasms
PubMed: 30957969
DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34375 -
Biomedical Materials (Bristol, England) Jun 2022Titanium-based biomedical alloys are susceptible as they are used as a substitute for human bone. In this study, titanium alloy, Ti-5Cu-%Nb (= 0, 5, 10, 15) (%wt) was...
Titanium-based biomedical alloys are susceptible as they are used as a substitute for human bone. In this study, titanium alloy, Ti-5Cu-%Nb (= 0, 5, 10, 15) (%wt) was developed by powder metallurgy route. The effect of alloying niobium with Ti-5Cu alloy and its effect on the microstructure, mechanical strength, corrosion resistance, and antibacterial properties have been evaluated. The results show that the sintered alloy has both-Ti and TiCu phases. With increasing niobium content in the alloy,-Ti was also detected. Additionally, it was found that the micro-hardness and compressive strength of the studied alloy was better than commercially pure titanium (cpTi), while the Young's modulus was lower than cpTi. These properties are highly favorable for using this alloy to replicate the human cortical bone. The alloy was also tested for anticorrosive property in Ringer's solution. The antibacterial activity was also examined forandbacteria. The alloy showed promising anticorrosive and antibacterial ability.
Topics: Alloys; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Corrosion; Humans; Niobium; Titanium
PubMed: 35679847
DOI: 10.1088/1748-605X/ac7763 -
ACS Nano Sep 2020Alloying is an efficient chemistry to diversify the properties of metal nanoparticles; however, the atomic-level understandings of the composition-dependent...
Alloying is an efficient chemistry to diversify the properties of metal nanoparticles; however, the atomic-level understandings of the composition-dependent physicochemical properties and their related biological performance are presently lacking. Here, we developed a full spectrum of alloy metal nanoclusters (NCs), AuAg(MHA) (MHA = 6-mercaptohexanoic acid) with = 0-25, and investigated their composition-dependent antimicrobial performance. Interestingly, we observed a U-shape antimicrobial behavior of AuAg(MHA) NCs, where the alloy NCs showed decreased antimicrobial ability instead of the common trend of increasing. Detailed atomic-level characterizations of the AuAg NCs suggest that the decreased performance of alloy NCs is due to their enhanced stability after alloying, which can deactivate their capability in generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) that can kill the bacteria. More interestingly, the transition point of the antimicrobial performance was only obtained with our full-spectrum AuAg(MHA) NCs, which indicates the importance of exploring the composition-dependent properties and application performance in a full-spectrum composition range. A library of full-spectrum alloy NCs also provides a good platform to investigate other composition-dependent physicochemical and biological properties of metal NCs.
Topics: Alloys; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Gold; Metal Nanoparticles; Silver
PubMed: 32794730
DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c03975 -
Colloids and Surfaces. B, Biointerfaces Nov 2023The inflammatory response induced by implant/macrophage interaction has been considered to be one of the vital factors in determining the success of implantation. In...
The inflammatory response induced by implant/macrophage interaction has been considered to be one of the vital factors in determining the success of implantation. In this study, TiCuNO coating with an immunomodulatory strategy was proposed for the first time, using nanostructured TiCuNO coating synthesized on Ti-Cu alloy by oxygen and nitrogen plasma-based surface modification. It was found that TiCuNO coating inhibited macrophage proliferation but stimulated macrophage preferential activation and presented an elongated morphology due to the surface nanostructure. The most encouraging discovery was that TiCuNO coating promoted the initial pro-inflammatory response of macrophages and then accelerated the M1-to-M2 transition of macrophages via a synergistic effect of fast-to-slow Cu release and surface nanostructure, which was considered to contribute to initial infection elimination and tissue healing. As expected, TiCuNO coating released desirable Cu and generated a favorable immune response that facilitated HUVEC recruitment to the coating, and accelerated proliferation, VEGF secretion and NO production of HUVECs. On the other hand, it is satisfying that TiCuNO coating maintained perfect long-term antibacterial activity (≥99.9%), mainly relying on CuO/CuO contact sterilization. These results indicated that TiCuNO coating might offer novel insights into the creation of a surface with immunomodulatory effects and long-term bactericidal potential for cardiovascular applications.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Macrophages; Alloys; Nanostructures; Titanium; Surface Properties
PubMed: 37837688
DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113586 -
Dental Materials Journal May 2023Ti-50Zr alloy is 2.5 times as strong as pure Ti and has a lower Young's modulus, making it a useful material for repairing bone and teeth. However, Ti-50Zr alloy has a...
Ti-50Zr alloy is 2.5 times as strong as pure Ti and has a lower Young's modulus, making it a useful material for repairing bone and teeth. However, Ti-50Zr alloy has a limited ability to bond with bone in vivo. Under biological conditions, apatite formation at the surface of a Ti or alloy implant is necessary for its bonding with bone. Various approaches to surface modification have been proposed to impart bone-bonding ability to Ti-50Zr alloy; however, there remains a need for further improvements to the alloy's apatite-forming ability. Hence, in this study, we compared apatite formation at the surface of alloy substrates in simulated body fluid, after various surface treatments. Treatment with 5 M NaOH followed by 1 M CaCl was the most effective procedure, whereas a sample subjected to a hot water post-treatment formed less apatite. Notably, no apatite formed on samples treated with 10 M NaOH.
Topics: Surface Properties; Apatites; Alloys; Titanium; Sodium Hydroxide; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
PubMed: 36858626
DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2022-226 -
Acta Biomaterialia Jan 2016To develop a biodegradable clip, the equivalent plastic strain distribution during occlusion was evaluated by the finite element analysis (FEA) using the material data...
UNLABELLED
To develop a biodegradable clip, the equivalent plastic strain distribution during occlusion was evaluated by the finite element analysis (FEA) using the material data of pure Mg. Since the FEA suggested that a maximum plastic strain of 0.40 is required to allow the Mg clips, the alloying of magnesium with essential elements and the control of microstructure by hot extrusion and annealing were conducted. Mechanical characterization revealed that the Mg-Zn-Ca alloy obtained by double extrusion followed by annealing at 673K for 2h possessed a fracture strain over 0.40. The biocompatibility of the alloy was confirmed here by investigating its degradation behavior and the response of extraperitoneal tissue around the Mg-Zn-Ca alloy. Small gas cavity due to degradation was observed following implantation of the developed Mg-Zn-Ca clip by in vivo micro-CT. Histological analysis, minimal observed inflammation, and an only small decrease in the volume of the implanted Mg-Zn-Ca clip confirmed its excellent biocompatibility. FEA using the material data for ductile Mg-Zn-Ca also showed that the clip could occlude the simulated vessel without fracture. In addition, the Mg-Zn-Ca alloy clip successfully occluded the renal vein. Microstructural observations using electron backscattering diffraction confirmed that dynamic recovery occurred during the later stage of plastic deformation of the ductile Mg-Zn-Ca alloy. These results suggest that the developed Mg-Zn-Ca alloy is a suitable material for biodegradable clips.
STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE
Since conventional magnesium alloys have not exhibited significant ductility for applying the occlusion of vessels, the alloying of magnesium with essential elements and the control of microstructure by hot extrusion and annealing were conducted. Mechanical characterization revealed that the Mg-Zn-Ca alloy obtained by double extrusion followed by annealing at 673K for 2h possessed a fracture strain over 0.40. The biocompatibility of the alloy was confirmed by investigating its degradation behavior and the response of extraperitoneal tissue around the Mg-Zn-Ca alloy. Finite element analysis using the material data for the ductile Mg-Zn-Ca alloy also showed that the clip could occlude the simulated vessel without fracture. In addition, the Mg-Zn-Ca alloy clip successfully occluded the renal vein. Microstructural observations using electron backscattering diffraction confirmed that dynamic recovery occurred during the later stage of plastic deformation of the ductile Mg-Zn-Ca alloy.
Topics: Absorbable Implants; Alloys; Animals; Magnesium; Male; Materials Testing; Mice; Surgical Instruments
PubMed: 26485165
DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2015.10.023 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Apr 2019As a hydrogen storage material, ZrFe alloy has many advantages such as fast hydrogen absorption speed, high tritium recovery efficiency, strong anti-pulverization...
As a hydrogen storage material, ZrFe alloy has many advantages such as fast hydrogen absorption speed, high tritium recovery efficiency, strong anti-pulverization ability, and difficulty self-igniting in air. ZrFe alloy has lower hydrogen absorption pressure at room temperature than LaNi alloy. Compared with the ZrVFe alloy, the hydrogen release temperature of ZrFe is lower so that the material can recover hydrogen isotopes at lower hydrogen concentration efficiently. Unfortunately, the main problem of ZrFe alloy in application is that a disproportionation reaction is easy to occur after hydrogen absorption at high temperature. At present, there is little research on the generation and influencing factors of a disproportionation reaction in ZrFe alloy. In this paper, the effects of temperature and hydrogen pressure on the disproportionation of ZrFe alloy were studied systematically. The specific activation conditions and experimental parameters for reducing alloy disproportionation are given, which provide a reference for the specific application of ZrFe alloy.
Topics: Alloys; Hydrogen; Temperature
PubMed: 31010195
DOI: 10.3390/molecules24081542