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Journal of the American Academy of... Dec 2016Primary cicatricial alopecias can be frustrating for both patients and physicians. Proper diagnosis guides more successful management of these challenging conditions.... (Review)
Review
Primary cicatricial alopecias can be frustrating for both patients and physicians. Proper diagnosis guides more successful management of these challenging conditions. Part II will cover the remaining lymphocytic primary cicatricial alopecias, which include pseudopelade of Brocq, central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia, alopecia mucinosa, and keratosis follicularis spinulosa decalvans. It will also discuss the neutrophilic and mixed primary cicatricial alopecias, namely folliculitis decalvans, dissecting cellulitis, folliculitis keloidalis, folliculitis (acne) necrotica, and erosive pustular dermatosis.
Topics: Acne Keloid; Alopecia; Cellulitis; Cicatrix; Darier Disease; Folliculitis; Genetic Diseases, X-Linked; Humans; Ichthyosis; Lymphocytes; Neutrophils; Photophobia; Scalp Dermatoses; Skin Diseases, Genetic
PubMed: 27846945
DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2015.01.056 -
Journal of Cutaneous Pathology Apr 1994
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BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.) Oct 2005
Review
Topics: Adaptation, Psychological; Adult; Alopecia; Child; Female; Humans; Male; Mental Disorders; Prevalence
PubMed: 16239692
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.331.7522.951 -
Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine Mar 2021Pattern hair loss is the most common type of hair loss in both men and women. Scalp hair is typically affected in a characteristic distribution without other scalp or... (Review)
Review
Pattern hair loss is the most common type of hair loss in both men and women. Scalp hair is typically affected in a characteristic distribution without other scalp or dermatologic findings. Early recognition and treatment can help halt its progression to preserve as much hair as possible. Both pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic treatments have proven helpful.
Topics: Alopecia; Female; Hair; Humans; Male; Scalp
PubMed: 33648970
DOI: 10.3949/ccjm.88a.20014 -
The Journal of Dermatology Jan 2012Primary cicatricial alopecias (PCA) are a rare group of disorders, in which the hair follicle is the main target of destructive inflammation resulting in irreversible... (Review)
Review
Primary cicatricial alopecias (PCA) are a rare group of disorders, in which the hair follicle is the main target of destructive inflammation resulting in irreversible hair loss with scarring of affected lesions. The most typical clinical manifestation of PCA is the loss of visible follicular ostia. The histopathological hallmark of a fully developed lesion is the replacement of the hair follicle structure by fibrous tissue. PCA could share similar clinical manifestations and eventually lead to "burn-out" alopecia. Some subsets are hardly distinguishable histopathologically and the mechanisms that elicit such a destructive reaction have not been fully elucidated. Thus, the management of PCA represents one of the most challenging clinical problems for dermatologists. The aim of this review is to provide a concise and comprehensive summary of recent advances in PCA management, especially focusing on novel methodologies to aid diagnosis, and updates on our understanding of the etiopathogenesis. Dermoscopy, a new pathological preparation technique and direct immunofluorescence analysis enable more accurate clinicopathological diagnosis of PCA. Microarray analysis may be beneficial to distinguish PCA subtypes. Currently suggested mechanisms underlying PCA include loss of immune protection of stem cells, impaired stem cell self-maintenance, enhanced autoimmunity by pro-inflammatory cytokines and environmental/genetic predispositions. Interestingly, recent data indicates the association between lipid metabolism dysregulation and PCA development, implying an important role of the sebaceous gland dysfunction in the etiopathogenesis. Based on that hypothesis and observations, novel therapeutic approaches have been proposed, including the use of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ agonist for lichen planopilaris.
Topics: Alopecia; Cicatrix; Humans; Skin
PubMed: 22097924
DOI: 10.1111/j.1346-8138.2011.01416.x -
Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy Apr 2009Hair loss is a very common complaint and dermatologists should be able to make the correct diagnosis of different types of alopecia and choose the best therapeutic... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Hair loss is a very common complaint and dermatologists should be able to make the correct diagnosis of different types of alopecia and choose the best therapeutic strategy according to patients' and doctors' expectations.
OBJECTIVE
To review treatment of the most common forms of hair loss.
METHODS
Literature review and expert opinion.
CONCLUSION
There is good evidence based information for the treatment of androgenetic alopecia. There are very few randomized good quality studies and no information about long-term results for most of the available treatments for alopecia areata and cicatricial alopecias. Treatment of alopecia areata and cicatricial alopecias is, therefore, selected in the absence of precise information on the expected outcome and treatment failure is common.
Topics: Alopecia; Animals; Disease Management; Finasteride; Humans; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 19364249
DOI: 10.1517/14656560902876368 -
Giornale Italiano Di Dermatologia E... Feb 2014The clinical diagnosis of hair diseases should be supported by objective techniques. In fact many methods are able to make advantage in some genetic syndromes with the... (Review)
Review
The clinical diagnosis of hair diseases should be supported by objective techniques. In fact many methods are able to make advantage in some genetic syndromes with the aid of the microscope or to assess the severity of hair loss, or to distinguish a true disease from a visionary complaint of the patient. More commonly qualitative and quantitative methods are useful to distinguish androgenetic alopecia from telogen effluvium, or to recognize mild and initial cicatricial alopecias or the association of different forms of hair diseases. It is mandatory however the importance of the standardization of these technique in addition to identification of the normal values. Other techniques are essential to monitoring the effect of therapies for hair growth. Some of these methods are classified in non-invasive (pull test, wash test, daily count, phototrichogram), semi-invasive (trichogram and unit area trichogram) and invasive (biopsy).
Topics: Alopecia; Biopsy; Hair; Humans; Microscopy; Photography; Physical Examination; Scalp; Stress, Mechanical
PubMed: 24566569
DOI: No ID Found -
Der Hautarzt; Zeitschrift Fur... Nov 2013Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is among the most frequent diagnoses in a hair clinic. Multiple studies prove that life quality is significantly impaired in affected... (Review)
Review
Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is among the most frequent diagnoses in a hair clinic. Multiple studies prove that life quality is significantly impaired in affected individuals, independent of severity, age or gender. A thorough and standardized diagnostic approach to AGA in women, men and children is an essential step in developing a successful therapeutic concept. Treatment options range from topical and systemic medications to cosmetic products, nutricosmetics, hair transplantation and other aesthetic-corrective approaches. The physician and patient must decide together on the best suited individualized therapy, considering the expected results, practicality and compliance. Further interdisciplinary evaluation must be decided individually, as must the development of coping strategies and the decision to employ psychological support. A professional atmosphere and sensitive approach to an emotionally difficult situation help develop a trusting relationship between patient and physician, which in turn leads to greater satisfaction and compliance. The S1 guidelines for diagnosis and the S3 guidelines for treatment of AGA offer the treating physician important tools for the successful evidence-based management of patients.
Topics: Alopecia; Dermatologic Agents; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Hair Preparations; Humans; Male
PubMed: 24177664
DOI: 10.1007/s00105-013-2579-0 -
Journal Der Deutschen Dermatologischen... Oct 2011Androgenetic alopecia is the most common hair loss disorder, affecting both men and women. Initial signs of androgenetic alopecia usually develop during teenage years...
Androgenetic alopecia is the most common hair loss disorder, affecting both men and women. Initial signs of androgenetic alopecia usually develop during teenage years leading to progressive hair loss with a pattern distribution. Moreover, its frequency increases with age and affects up to 80 % Caucasian men and 42 % of women. Patients diagnosed with androgenetic alopecia may undergo significant impairment of quality of life. Despite the high prevalence and the variety of therapeutic options available, there have been no national or international evidence-based guidelines for the treatment of androgenetic alopecia in men and women so far. Therefore, the European Dermatology Forum (EDF) initiated a project to develop an evidence-based S3 guideline for the treatment of andro-genetic alopecia. Based on a systematic literature research the efficacy of the currently available therapeutic options was assessed and therapeutic recommendations were passed in a consensus conference. The purpose of the guideline is to provide dermatologists as well as general practitioners with an evidence-based tool for choosing an efficacious and safe therapy for patients with androgenetic alopecia.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Alopecia; Evidence-Based Medicine; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Young Adult
PubMed: 21980982
DOI: 10.1111/j.1610-0379.2011.07802.x -
Clinical Pediatrics Sep 2006
Review
Topics: Alopecia; Child; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Hospitals, General; Hospitals, Pediatric; Humans; Male
PubMed: 16928837
DOI: 10.1177/0009922806291011