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The New England Journal of Medicine Jan 1994
Topics: Adult; Aged; Arteriosclerosis; Blindness; Embolism; Humans; Middle Aged
PubMed: 8110274
DOI: 10.1056/NEJM199401133300216 -
Lancet (London, England) Dec 1957
Topics: Amaurosis Fugax; Blindness; Humans
PubMed: 13507685
DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(57)92047-0 -
The American Journal of the Medical... Aug 1952
Topics: Amaurosis Fugax; Amblyopia; Humans
PubMed: 14943728
DOI: 10.1097/00000441-195208000-00015 -
Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology...Transient ischemic attack (TIA) is defined as a transient episode of neurological dysfunction resulting from focal brain, spinal cord, or retinal ischemia, without... (Review)
Review
Transient ischemic attack (TIA) is defined as a transient episode of neurological dysfunction resulting from focal brain, spinal cord, or retinal ischemia, without associated infarction. Consequently, a TIA encompasses amaurosis fugax (AF) that is a term used to denote momentary visual loss from transient retinal ischemia. In this review, we use the word TIA to refer to both cerebral TIAs (occurring in the brain) and AF (occurring in the retina). We summarize the key components of a comprehensive evaluation and management of patients presenting with cerebral and retinal TIA.All TIAs should be treated as medical emergencies, as they may herald permanent disabling visual loss and devastating hemispheric or vertebrobasilar ischemic stroke. Patients with suspected TIA should be expeditiously evaluated in the same manner as those with an acute stroke. This should include a detailed history and examination followed by specific diagnostic studies. Imaging of the brain and extracranial and intracranial blood vessels forms the cornerstone of diagnostic workup of TIA. Cardiac investigations and serum studies to evaluate for etiological risk factors are also recommended.The management of all TIAs, whether cerebral or retinal, is similar and should focus on stroke prevention strategies, which we have categorized into general and specific measures. General measures include the initiation of appropriate antiplatelet therapy, encouraging a healthy lifestyle, and managing traditional risk factors, such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes. Specific management measures require the identification of a specific TIA etiology, such as moderate-severe (greater than 50% of stenosis) symptomatic extracranial large vessel or intracranial steno-occlusive atherosclerotic disease, aortic arch atherosclerosis, and atrial fibrillation.
Topics: Amaurosis Fugax; Brain; Humans; Ischemic Attack, Transient; Risk Factors; Stroke
PubMed: 35213421
DOI: 10.1097/APO.0000000000000511 -
Rivista Di Neurologia 1981A follow up study has been performed in thirteen patients suffering from (amaurosis fugax) (A.F.). From the case material analysis and from the review of the current... (Review)
Review
A follow up study has been performed in thirteen patients suffering from (amaurosis fugax) (A.F.). From the case material analysis and from the review of the current literature it has been possible to infer that the current pathogenetic hypotheses (cerebral and/or retinal microembolism) of the amaurosis fugax and of the transient ischemic cerebral attacks without ocular symptoms are similar, at least in the most of the cases. In all the cases of amaurosis fugax examined, the clinical symptomatology, the frequency of the episodes and the time required for its complete recovery have been described. Some (risk factors) of cerebrovascular disease, such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus and high plasma levels of cholesterol and triglycerides, have been statistically analyzed using Student's t test and chi-square. As regards other possible risk factors (ischemic heart disease, peripheral vascular diseases, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) only a statistical frequency analysis has been performed. The results of the anti-platelet therapy in modifying the frequency of the A.F. episodes have been discussed. It has been lastly considered the results of the follow-up study in regard to the prognosis of the A.F.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aspirin; Blindness; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Cinnarizine; Clonidine; Coronary Disease; Dipyridamole; Female; Glycosaminoglycans; Humans; Hyperlipidemias; Hypertension; Ischemic Attack, Transient; Lung Diseases, Obstructive; Male; Middle Aged; Sulfinpyrazone
PubMed: 7027416
DOI: No ID Found -
Canadian Journal of Ophthalmology.... Apr 1980
Topics: Aged; Anticoagulants; Blindness; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Embolism; Endarterectomy; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Retinal Artery
PubMed: 7378895
DOI: No ID Found -
The New England Journal of Medicine Jan 1994
Topics: Autoantibodies; Blindness; Humans; Phospholipids; Spasm; Vasoconstriction
PubMed: 8259182
DOI: 10.1056/NEJM199401133300217 -
Fortschritte Der Medizin Oct 1992Presentation of the etiology, diagnosis, possible complications and treatment of amaurosis fugax. (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
Presentation of the etiology, diagnosis, possible complications and treatment of amaurosis fugax.
DEFINITION
amaurosis fugax is a transient monocular loss of vision, usually affecting the entire visual field.
MAJOR POINTS
Amaurosis fugax is caused by transient retinal ischemia resulting from embolism, hemodynamic insufficiency or ocular vascular disease. In view of the high complication rate (annual blindness rate 1%, annual risk of an ischemic insult 2%, myocardial infarction 30%, and an 18% mortality rate), an immediate search for the underlying causes is mandatory. Diagnostic evaluation should include ophthalmological, neurological and cardiovascular investigations. Management of amaurosis fugax comprises, in the first instance, treatment of the underlying disease and administration of anti-platelet agents. In cases in which stenosis of extracranial vessels presents, endarterectomy may sometimes be considered.
Topics: Blindness; Endarterectomy; Humans; Ischemic Attack, Transient; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; Retinal Diseases
PubMed: 1427549
DOI: No ID Found -
Ophthalmology and Therapy Jun 2024Transient monocular visual loss (TMVL), also known as transient monocular blindness or amaurosis fugax ("fleeting blindness"), is a temporary loss of vision often due to... (Review)
Review
Transient monocular visual loss (TMVL), also known as transient monocular blindness or amaurosis fugax ("fleeting blindness"), is a temporary loss of vision often due to ischemia to the retina. While acute TMVL should be considered an emergency that further requires exhaustive investigation, there are some cases in which TMVL arises secondary to benign causes. Age has a major impact in the diagnosis of ischemia and although the differential diagnosis of TMVL can be broad, timely and appropriate history, examination, diagnostic testing, and treatment can be vision- or life-saving. We review the causes of TMVL and the impact of age on the differential diagnoses and management.
PubMed: 38587773
DOI: 10.1007/s40123-024-00932-z -
Case Reports in Oncology 2022Oxaliplatin, a third-generation platinum-based agent, is a constitutive part of systemic treatment for colorectal cancer in adjuvant and metastatic settings. Ocular...
Oxaliplatin, a third-generation platinum-based agent, is a constitutive part of systemic treatment for colorectal cancer in adjuvant and metastatic settings. Ocular toxicity is an extremely rare adverse effect of Oxaliplatin. Ocular toxicities have been documented in the form of (a) common (≥1/100, <1/10) which include the conjunctivitis, unexpected lacrimation, blurry vision, blepharoptosis, and (b) uncommon (≥1/10,000, <1/1,000) which compromise the tunnel vision, idiosyncratic color perception, transient bilateral visual loss, and rarest phenomenon of Amaurosis fugax. Amaurosis fugax implies to any cause of transient, painless, unilateral visual loss; with the possible underlying mechanism of thrombo-embolic carotid plaque, hypoperfusion, or vasospasm of retinal vessels, due to hyperviscosity, and atherosclerotic vascular disease. To date, only a few case reports of Oxaliplatin-induced Amaurosis fugax have been published. We here-in report 3 cases who experienced Amaurosis fugax while receiving Oxaliplatin in our one of health board-based four hospitals.
PubMed: 35350803
DOI: 10.1159/000521842