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The Journal of Infectious Diseases Nov 2018At the onset of the 2013-2016 epidemic of Ebola virus disease (EVD), no vaccine or antiviral medication was approved for treatment. Therefore, considerable efforts were...
At the onset of the 2013-2016 epidemic of Ebola virus disease (EVD), no vaccine or antiviral medication was approved for treatment. Therefore, considerable efforts were directed towards the concept of drug repurposing or repositioning. Amiodarone, an approved multi-ion channel blocker for the treatment of cardiac arrhythmia, was reported to inhibit filovirus entry in vitro. Compassionate use of amiodarone in EVD patients indicated a possible survival benefit. In support of further clinical testing, we confirmed anti-Ebola virus activity of amiodarone in different cell types. Despite promising in vitro results, amiodarone failed to protect guinea pigs from a lethal dose of Ebola virus.
Topics: Amiodarone; Animals; Chlorocebus aethiops; Ebolavirus; Female; Guinea Pigs; Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola; Male; Vero Cells
PubMed: 30016444
DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiy345 -
Archives of Internal Medicine May 1995
Topics: Alopecia; Amiodarone; Humans; Male; Middle Aged
PubMed: 7748057
DOI: No ID Found -
Annals of the New York Academy of... 1984
Review
Topics: Amiodarone; Animals; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Benzofurans; Drug Interactions; Heart Ventricles; Humans; Infusions, Parenteral; Kinetics; Recurrence; Tachycardia; Ventricular Fibrillation
PubMed: 6378011
DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1984.tb20779.x -
Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy Dec 2010Management of persistent AF involves rhythm or rate control strategies and thromboprophylaxis for cardioembolic events. Although amiodarone appears to be more effective... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Management of persistent AF involves rhythm or rate control strategies and thromboprophylaxis for cardioembolic events. Although amiodarone appears to be more effective than other current antiarrhythmics for a rhythm control approach in AF patients, many side effects limit its long-term use. Dronedarone is a new antiarrhythmic drug that may offer advantages for rhythm control, given its relative safety (although not in patients with decompensated heart failure), efficacy and tolerability. With regard to the latter, dronedarone has fewer adverse effects and is better tolerated than amiodarone. Nonetheless, in one head-to-head comparison of dronedarone and amiodarone, the latter drug was superior to dronedarone for maintenance of sinus rhythm post cardioversion, but dronedarone was safer and better tolerated, with useful benefit to decrease hospitalizations and thus healthcare costs. This provides clinicians (and patients) with a new option when choosing antiarrhythmic therapy.
Topics: Amiodarone; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; Atrial Fibrillation; Dronedarone; Heart Rate; Humans; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
PubMed: 21050033
DOI: 10.1517/14656566.2010.517196 -
Pharmaceutical Research Nov 1988Assay procedures based on derivative ultraviolet spectrophotometry and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) have been developed for the specific determination...
Assay procedures based on derivative ultraviolet spectrophotometry and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) have been developed for the specific determination of amiodarone hydrochloride in pharmaceutical dosage forms. The use of first- and second-order derivative spectrophotometry was found to have suppressed the background absorption from the excipients with comparable accuracy and precision to the reversed-phased HPLC reference method. A conventional UV absorption method (lambda = 242 nm) is subject to possible interference by formulation excipients.
Topics: Amiodarone; Capsules; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; Tablets
PubMed: 3247275
DOI: 10.1023/a:1015955811112 -
Clinical Cardiology Jul 1987Amiodarone is a new antiarrhythmic drug approved for therapy of life-threatening ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation refractory to previous... (Review)
Review
Amiodarone is a new antiarrhythmic drug approved for therapy of life-threatening ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation refractory to previous antiarrhythmic therapy. The drug is poorly absorbed and avidly binds to all adipose tissue within the body. As a result of its unique pharmacologic properties, a 1-2 month period of loading with a high dose is required before therapeutic and steady state tissue concentrations are achieved. Therefore, there is a delay in the onset of antiarrhythmic effects of the drug and evaluation of efficacy using either noninvasive or invasive techniques should be performed 1-2 months after the initiation of therapy. It has been reported that suppression of runs of ventricular tachycardia (VT) documented on ambulatory monitor correlates with long-term efficacy. When invasive electrophysiologic (EP) studies are used, continued inducibility does not predict recurrence. Other important factors from the EP test include the rate of the induced VT and prolongation of the refractory period. Another problem related to amiodarone's pharmacologic properties is the occurrence of side effects which generally develop after weeks to months of drug therapy. Moreover, the incidence of toxicity increases over time. Although most side effects are unrelated to dose or blood level, it is possible that they correlate with the cumulative dose administered or total period of drug exposure. Amiodarone causes side effects which involve many organ systems. Most side effects are minor and cause no or only minor symptoms. Serious side effects, primarily cardiac, pulmonary, neurologic and thyroid, occur in about 18% of patients and often requires drug discontinuation. Therefore, use of amiodarone requires careful and continuous follow-up and monitoring for efficacy and toxicity.
Topics: Amiodarone; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Tachycardia; Ventricular Fibrillation
PubMed: 3078154
DOI: No ID Found -
International Journal of Cardiology Aug 2018
Topics: Amiodarone; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; Atrial Fibrillation; Dronedarone
PubMed: 29776579
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2018.04.030 -
Drugs Aug 2009Oral dronedarone is a non-iodinated benzofurane derivative structurally related to amiodarone. Although it is considered a class III antiarrhythmic agent like... (Review)
Review
Oral dronedarone is a non-iodinated benzofurane derivative structurally related to amiodarone. Although it is considered a class III antiarrhythmic agent like amiodarone, it demonstrates multi-class electrophysiological activity. Data from the ATHENA study demonstrated that patients receiving oral dronedarone 400 mg twice daily for 12-30 months had a significantly lower risk of experiencing first hospitalization due to a cardiovascular event or death from any cause than those receiving placebo. Dronedarone exhibited rate- and rhythm-controlling properties in patients with atrial fibrilation (AF) or atrial flutter, significantly reducing the risk of a first recurrence of AF versus placebo following 12 months' therapy in the ADONIS and EURIDIS studies. In the ERATO study, dronedarone was also significantly more effective than placebo in terms of ventricular rate control. Furthermore, the beneficial effects of oral dronedarone on ventricular rate control were maintained during exercise and sustained with continued therapy. Oral dronedarone was generally well tolerated in the treatment of adult patients with AF and/or atrial flutter in clinical studies. The incidence of diarrhoea, nausea, bradycardia, rash and QT-interval prolongation was significantly higher with oral dronedarone than placebo in the large ATHENA study; however, serious cardiac-related adverse events were observed in <1% of oral dronedarone recipients.
Topics: Amiodarone; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Dronedarone; Drug Interactions; Humans; Intestinal Absorption; Meta-Analysis as Topic; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
PubMed: 19678715
DOI: 10.2165/11200820-000000000-00000 -
Journal of the Canadian Association of... Jun 1984Amiodarone hydrochloride, an investigational drug used to suppress ventricular arrhythmias, may cause pulmonary toxicity with associated radiographic abnormalities. Two...
Amiodarone hydrochloride, an investigational drug used to suppress ventricular arrhythmias, may cause pulmonary toxicity with associated radiographic abnormalities. Two patients are presented who illustrate the variability of these abnormalities. One of these patients died of respiratory failure while the other recovered after amiodarone was stopped and corticosteroid therapy was started.
Topics: Aged; Amiodarone; Autopsy; Benzofurans; Biopsy; Follow-Up Studies; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Lung; Male; Middle Aged; Pulmonary Fibrosis; Radiography
PubMed: 6480673
DOI: No ID Found -
The New England Journal of Medicine Dec 2011
Topics: Amiodarone; Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; Atrial Fibrillation; Dronedarone; Female; Humans; Male
PubMed: 22082122
DOI: 10.1056/NEJMe1111997