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The Journal of Nutrition Dec 1994Six healthy adult cats were fed a basal minced beef meat and rice diet (one meal per day) with varying amounts or combinations of acidifying and alkalizing additives...
Six healthy adult cats were fed a basal minced beef meat and rice diet (one meal per day) with varying amounts or combinations of acidifying and alkalizing additives (ammonium chloride, calcium and sodium carbonate). The base excess in the food (mmol/kg dry matter) was calculated (data on food compounds in g/kg dry matter) as follows: base excess = 49.9*Ca + 82.3*Mg + 43.5*Na + 25.6*K-64.6*P-13.4*met-16.6*cys-28.2*Cl. Base excess in the experimental diets amounted to between +305 and -1079 mmol/kg dry matter. After an adaptation period of 5 d, urine and blood pH as well as water and mineral balance were determined in the cats over a 10-15-d period. The daily mean urine pH ranged between 6.1 and 7.8. There was a highly significant correlation between the base excess in the food and the mean urine pH. The regression line was linear down to a base excess in the diet of approximately -400 to -500 mmol/kg dry matter and a pH in the urine of 6.2. The postprandial increase of urine pH was suppressed either by large amounts of ammonium chloride (> 780 mmol/kg dry matter) alone or in combination with calcium carbonate but not in combination with sodium carbonate. The relationship between the decrease of the blood pH and the amount of ammonium chloride added to the diet was more marked than the relationship between blood pH and base excess in the food.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Ammonium Chloride; Animal Feed; Animals; Carbonates; Cat Diseases; Cats; Diet; Drinking; Eating; Feces; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Phosphorus; Regression Analysis; Urinary Calculi; Urine; Vomiting
PubMed: 7996261
DOI: 10.1093/jn/124.suppl_12.2652S -
Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics May 1979Coma due to ammonium chloride used in the treatment of severe metabolic alkalosis is reported in a patient with normal hepatic and renal function. All symptoms resolved...
Coma due to ammonium chloride used in the treatment of severe metabolic alkalosis is reported in a patient with normal hepatic and renal function. All symptoms resolved following discontinuance. Ammonium chloride should be abandoned as a treatment for metabolic alkalosis.
Topics: Alkalosis; Ammonium Chloride; Coma; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Respiratory Insufficiency
PubMed: 436363
DOI: 10.1002/cpt1979255part1624 -
Orvosi Hetilap Jul 1955
Topics: Ammonium Chloride; Humans; Migraine Disorders
PubMed: 13254186
DOI: No ID Found -
The Journal of Physiology May 1962
Topics: Ammonium Chloride; Cell Respiration; Chemoreceptor Cells; Chromaffin System; Humans; Respiration
PubMed: 14451920
DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.1962.sp006891 -
Archives of Virology 1988The multiplication of IPNV in CHSE cells is inhibited by ammonium chloride. This inhibition is complete if NH4Cl is added early in the infective cycle....
The multiplication of IPNV in CHSE cells is inhibited by ammonium chloride. This inhibition is complete if NH4Cl is added early in the infective cycle. Immunofluorescence analysis shows that NH4Cl reduces the number of virus producing cells and thus suggests it may act by inhibiting virus internalization. In addition, NH4Cl can produce partial inhibition of IPNV multiplication if added later in the replicative cycle. Analysis of 3H-uridine incorporation into viral RNA shows that this later effect could be an inhibition of viral RNA synthesis.
Topics: Ammonium Chloride; Chloroquine; Depression, Chemical; RNA Viruses; RNA, Viral; Time Factors; Virus Replication
PubMed: 3348747
DOI: 10.1007/BF01322165 -
The American Journal of Physiology Jan 1952
Topics: Acidosis; Ammonium Chloride; Animals; Carbohydrate Metabolism; Dogs; Glucose; Glucose Tolerance Test
PubMed: 14903118
DOI: 10.1152/ajplegacy.1951.168.1.126 -
The Journal of Clinical Investigation Feb 1959
The effect of the administration of sodium bicarbonate and ammonium chloride on the excretion and production of ammonia; the absence of alterations in the activity of renal ammonia-producing enzymes in the dog.
Topics: Ammonia; Ammonium Chloride; Animals; Bicarbonates; Biological Transport; Body Fluids; Dogs; Humans; Kidney; Sodium Bicarbonate
PubMed: 13631068
DOI: 10.1172/JCI103810 -
Vestnik Dermatologii I Venerologii 1986
Topics: Adult; Ammonium Chloride; Dermatitis, Occupational; Humans; Middle Aged; Textile Industry
PubMed: 2944306
DOI: No ID Found -
The Science of the Total Environment Apr 2024As one of the most commonly used biocidal cationic surfactants, benzalkonium chlorides (BACs) have been an increasing concern as emerging contaminants. Wastewater has...
As one of the most commonly used biocidal cationic surfactants, benzalkonium chlorides (BACs) have been an increasing concern as emerging contaminants. Wastewater has been claimed the main point for BACs to enter into the environment, but to date, it is still largely unknown how the BACs affect the microbes (especially microalgae) in the practical wastewater and how to cost-effectively remove them. In this study, the inhibitory effects of a typical BACs, dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (DDBAC), on a green microalga Chlorella sp. in oxidation pond wastewater were investigated. The results showed that though a hermetic effect at the first 2 days was observed with the DDBAC at low concentration (<6 mg/L), the algal growth and photosynthesis were significantly inhibited by the DDBAC at all the tested concentrations (3 to 48 mg/L). Fortunately, a new microbial consortium (MC) capable of degrading DDBAC was screened through a gradient domestication method. The MC mainly composed of Wickerhamomyces sp., Purpureocillium sp., and Achromobacter sp., and its maximum removal efficiency and removal rate of DDBAC (48 mg/L) respectively reached 98.1 % and 46.32 mg/L/d. Interestingly, a microbial-microalgal system (MMS) was constructed using the MC and Chlorella sp., and a synergetic effect between the two kinds of microorganisms was proposed: microalga provided oxygen and extracellular polysaccharides as co-metabolic substrates to help the MC to degrade DDBAC, while the MC helped to eliminate the DDBAC-induced inhibition on the alga. Further, by observing the seven kinds of degradation products (mainly including CHOP, CHCH-, and CHN), two possible chemical pathways of the DDBAC degradation were proposed. In addition, the metagenomic sequencing results showed that the main functional genes of the MMS included antibiotic-resistant genes, ABC transporter genes, quorum sensing genes, two-component regulatory system genes, etc. This study provided some theoretical and application findings for the cost-effective pollution prevention of BACs in wastewater.
Topics: Wastewater; Microalgae; Ammonium Chloride; Microbial Consortia; Chlorella; Coculture Techniques; Biomass
PubMed: 38350567
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170676 -
Virology Oct 1984Multiplication of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) strain HF in Vero cells was inhibited by ammonium chloride and chloroquine. A series of one-step growth experiments...
Multiplication of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) strain HF in Vero cells was inhibited by ammonium chloride and chloroquine. A series of one-step growth experiments showed that the maturation of intracellular virus was prevented immediately after the addition of weak bases in the late stage of infection, indicating that the site of inhibition by weak bases is some step in the maturation process of HSV-1.
Topics: Ammonium Chloride; Cells, Cultured; Chloroquine; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Lysosomes; Simplexvirus; Virus Replication
PubMed: 6093369
DOI: 10.1016/0042-6822(84)90356-8