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Current Issues in Molecular Biology 2019Methanethiol (MT) is an organic sulfur compound with a strong and disagreeable odour. It has biogeochemical relevance as an important compound in the global sulfur... (Review)
Review
Methanethiol (MT) is an organic sulfur compound with a strong and disagreeable odour. It has biogeochemical relevance as an important compound in the global sulfur cycle, where it is produced as a reactive intermediate in a number of different pathways for synthesis and degradation of other globally significant sulfur compounds such as dimethylsulfoniopropionate, dimethylsulfide and methionine. With its low odour threshold and unpleasant smell, MT can be a significant cause of malodour originating from animal husbandry, composting, landfill operations, and wastewater treatment and is also associated with faeces, flatus and oral malodour (halitosis). A diverse range of microorganisms drives the production and degradation of MT, including its aerobic and anaerobic metabolism. MT producing and degrading organisms are known to be present in terrestrial, freshwater and marine environments but may also be important in association with plant and animal (including human) hosts. This chapter considers the role of MT as an intermediate of the global sulfur cycle and discusses current knowledge of microbial pathways of MT production and degradation.
Topics: Anaerobiosis; Animals; Bacteria; Energy Metabolism; Host Microbial Interactions; Humans; Metabolic Networks and Pathways; Odorants; Sulfhydryl Compounds; Sulfur Compounds
PubMed: 31166191
DOI: 10.21775/cimb.033.173 -
Current Opinion in Biotechnology Jun 2001Novel dehalogenases have been identified recently in various bacteria that utilise halogenated substrates. X-ray studies and sequence analysis have revealed insight into... (Review)
Review
Novel dehalogenases have been identified recently in various bacteria that utilise halogenated substrates. X-ray studies and sequence analysis have revealed insight into the molecular mechanisms of hydrolytic dehalogenases. Furthermore, genetic and biochemical studies have indicated that reductive dehalogenases are extra-cytoplasmic corrinoid-containing iron-sulphur proteins. Sequence analysis and mutagenesis studies indicate that several dehalogenases are homologous to enzymes that carry out transformations on non-halogenated substrates.
Topics: Aerobiosis; Anaerobiosis; Bacteria; Bacterial Physiological Phenomena; Biodegradation, Environmental; Catalysis; Hydrocarbons, Halogenated; Hydrolases
PubMed: 11404103
DOI: 10.1016/s0958-1669(00)00208-1 -
Haematologica Jan 2005
Topics: Anaerobiosis; Dioxygenases; Gene Expression; Humans; Hypoxia; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-Proline Dioxygenases; Oxygen Consumption; Protein Binding
PubMed: 15642661
DOI: No ID Found -
Advances in Biochemical... 2016Anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria are a diverse collection of organisms that are defined by their ability to grow using energy from light without evolving oxygen. The... (Review)
Review
Anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria are a diverse collection of organisms that are defined by their ability to grow using energy from light without evolving oxygen. The dominant groups are purple sulfur bacteria, purple nonsulfur bacteria, green sulfur bacteria, and green and red filamentous anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria. They represent several bacterial phyla but they all have bacteriochlorophylls and carotenoids and photochemical reaction centers which generate ATP and cellular reductants used for CO fixation. They typically have an anaerobic lifestyle in the light, although some grow aerobically in the dark. Some of them oxidize inorganic sulfur compounds for light-dependent CO fixation; this ability can be exploited for photobiological removal of hydrogen sulfide from wastewater and biogas. The anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria also perform bioremediation of recalcitrant dyes, pesticides, and heavy metals under anaerobic conditions. Finally, these organisms may be useful for overexpression of membrane proteins and photobiological production of H and other valuable compounds.
Topics: Anaerobiosis; Bacteria, Anaerobic; Bacterial Proteins; Biodegradation, Environmental; Biotechnology; Carbon Dioxide; Environmental Pollutants; Light; Models, Biological; Photosynthesis; Waste Management
PubMed: 26907551
DOI: 10.1007/10_2015_5006 -
FEMS Microbiology Ecology Oct 2022
Topics: Anaerobiosis; Biodegradation, Environmental
PubMed: 36308759
DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiac108 -
Current Biology : CB Jun 2020Oxygen plays a crucial role in energetic metabolism of most eukaryotes. Yet adaptations to low-oxygen concentrations leading to anaerobiosis have independently arisen in...
Oxygen plays a crucial role in energetic metabolism of most eukaryotes. Yet adaptations to low-oxygen concentrations leading to anaerobiosis have independently arisen in many eukaryotic lineages, resulting in a broad spectrum of reduced and modified mitochondrion-related organelles (MROs). In this study, we present the discovery of two new class-level lineages of free-living marine anaerobic ciliates, Muranotrichea, cl. nov. and Parablepharismea, cl. nov., that, together with the class Armophorea, form a major clade of obligate anaerobes (APM ciliates) within the Spirotrichea, Armophorea, and Litostomatea (SAL) group. To deepen our understanding of the evolution of anaerobiosis in ciliates, we predicted the mitochondrial metabolism of cultured representatives from all three classes in the APM clade by using transcriptomic and metagenomic data and performed phylogenomic analyses to assess their evolutionary relationships. The predicted mitochondrial metabolism of representatives from the APM ciliates reveals functional adaptations of metabolic pathways that were present in their last common ancestor and likely led to the successful colonization and diversification of the group in various anoxic environments. Furthermore, we discuss the possible relationship of Parablepharismea to the uncultured deep-sea class Cariacotrichea on the basis of single-gene analyses. Like most anaerobic ciliates, all studied species of the APM clade host symbionts, which we propose to be a significant accelerating factor in the transitions to an obligately anaerobic lifestyle. Our results provide an insight into the evolutionary mechanisms of early transitions to anaerobiosis and shed light on fine-scale adaptations in MROs over a relatively short evolutionary time frame.
Topics: Anaerobiosis; Biological Evolution; Ciliophora; Genomics; Mitochondria
PubMed: 32330419
DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2020.03.064 -
Annals of Internal Medicine Dec 1963
Topics: Anaerobiosis; Ischemia; Lactates; Lactic Acid; Metabolism; Pyruvates
PubMed: 14082746
DOI: 10.7326/0003-4819-59-6-960 -
Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics Dec 1958
Topics: Anaerobiosis; Animals; Neoplasms, Experimental; Radiation Effects; Radiation Tolerance
PubMed: 13618040
DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(58)90382-5 -
Bioresource Technology Aug 2023The flourishment of anaerobic digestion (AD) on waste treatment emphasizes the importance of digestate valorization, which plays an essential role in determining the... (Review)
Review
The flourishment of anaerobic digestion (AD) on waste treatment emphasizes the importance of digestate valorization, which plays an essential role in determining the benefits provided by the AD process. The perception of digestate gradually shifts from waste to products to realize the concept of circular economy and maximize the benefits of digestate valorization. This review first outlined the current status of digestate valorization, focusing on thermal-chemical methods. The novel valorization methods were then summarized from the recent research, illustrating prospects for digestate valorization. Limits and perspectives are finally addressed. Methods for preparing digestate-derived activated carbon and impurity effects were elucidated. Inherent mineral content/inorganic impurity could be a niche for downstream use. High surface area and well-developed pore structure are essential for satisfying downstream use performance, but they are not the only factors. Digestate char applications other than use as an energy fuel are suggested.
Topics: Charcoal; Anaerobiosis
PubMed: 37164231
DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129135 -
Proceedings of the Society For... Dec 1964
Topics: Anaerobiosis; Bacteria; Bacteriological Techniques; Equipment and Supplies; Research; Spirochaeta; Spirochaetales
PubMed: 14244963
DOI: 10.3181/00379727-117-29706