-
Contact Dermatitis Aug 1978Toothpaste flavors are fragrance mixtures. Oil of peppermint and spearmint, carvone and anethole are ingredients with a low sensitizing potential, but they are used in...
Toothpaste flavors are fragrance mixtures. Oil of peppermint and spearmint, carvone and anethole are ingredients with a low sensitizing potential, but they are used in almost every brand of toothpaste and caused seven cases of contact allergy in a 6-year period at Gentofte Hospital. Toothpaste reactions are rare due to several reasons; local factors in the mouth, the low sensitizing potential of the flavors generally used, and the lack of recognition. It is emphasized that the toothpaste battery for patch testing has to be relevant and changed according to the consumers' and manufacturers' taste and fashion.
Topics: Anethole Trithione; Denmark; Dentifrices; Dermatitis, Contact; Flavoring Agents; Humans; Ketones; Mouth Diseases; Patch Tests; Toothpastes
PubMed: 710096
DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0536.1978.tb03788.x -
Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) 1983Administration of tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole or of two dithiolthiones to female CD-1 mice protected against the acute toxic effects of two hepatotoxic agents,... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Administration of tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole or of two dithiolthiones to female CD-1 mice protected against the acute toxic effects of two hepatotoxic agents, acetaminophen and carbon tetrachloride. Reduced mortality of mice was observed following pretreatment with tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole or dithiolthiones. Pretreatment reduced or prevented hepatic glutathione depletion produced by these two hepatotoxic agents. Liver damage, i.e., as determined by serum transaminase and sorbitol dehydrogenase activities, was less after pretreatment with tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole or dithiolthiones. Administration of dithiolthiones resulted in increased (from four- to over six-fold) activities of liver glutathione-S-transferases.
Topics: Acetaminophen; Acute Disease; Anethole Trithione; Animals; Anisoles; Butylated Hydroxyanisole; Carbon Tetrachloride; Chemical Phenomena; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Chemistry; Female; Glutathione Transferase; Liver Diseases; Liver Function Tests; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Pyrazines; Thiones; Thiophenes
PubMed: 6629324
DOI: 10.1002/hep.1840030608 -
Arzneimittel-Forschung Mar 1992Anethole dithiolthione (ADT) (10 mumol/l) inhibited platelet aggregation and the formation of thromboxane (Tx)B2 in plasma in response to adenosine diphosphate (ADP),...
Anethole dithiolthione (ADT) (10 mumol/l) inhibited platelet aggregation and the formation of thromboxane (Tx)B2 in plasma in response to adenosine diphosphate (ADP), epinephrine and arachidonic acid (AA). ADT partially inhibited platelet aggregation and TxB2 formation in plasma induced by thrombin, phorbol myristate acetate and calcium ionophore A23187 and increased the lag time of collagen-induced aggregation at concentrations in the range 10-40 mumol/l. ADT (100 mumol/l) completely inhibited the aggregation of washed platelets challenged with thrombin. ADT had no additive effect on the inhibition of thrombin-induced platelet aggregation by acetylsalicylic acid. ADT was a more effective inhibitor of AA-induced platelet aggregation than butylated hydroxytoluene. ADT inhibited the release of 3H-AA from platelet phospholipids in response to ADP and collagen. It is suggested that ADT inhibits platelet aggregation by inhibiting thromboxane synthesis and preventing AA release.
Topics: Adenosine Diphosphate; Adult; Anethole Trithione; Arachidonic Acid; Aspirin; Butylated Hydroxytoluene; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Platelet Aggregation; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; Radioimmunoassay; Thrombin; Thromboxane B2
PubMed: 1497692
DOI: No ID Found -
Pharmacology & Toxicology Jul 1989Anethol dithiolthione (ADT), usually prescribed as a choleretic drug, when given orally 1 hour prior to acetaminophen (AAP) (450 mg/kg intraperitoneally) in Swiss female...
Anethol dithiolthione (ADT), usually prescribed as a choleretic drug, when given orally 1 hour prior to acetaminophen (AAP) (450 mg/kg intraperitoneally) in Swiss female mice, exhibited an hepatoprotective potency at doses as low as 10 mg/kg relative to serum aminotransferase activities and hepatic glutathione related enzyme system (glutathione reductase, peroxidase, transferase). These preliminary results are relevant with the use of pharmacologic dosage of ADT in hepatotoxicity prevention.
Topics: Acetaminophen; Anethole Trithione; Animals; Anisoles; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Glutathione; Glutathione Peroxidase; Glutathione Reductase; Glutathione Transferase; Liver; Mice
PubMed: 2780509
DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0773.1989.tb01127.x -
Lung Cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands) May 2010The effects of dithiolethione modified valproate, diclofenac and sulindac on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells were investigated. Sulfur(S)-valproate and...
The effects of dithiolethione modified valproate, diclofenac and sulindac on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells were investigated. Sulfur(S)-valproate and S-diclofenac at 1 microg/ml concentrations significantly reduced prostaglandin (PG)E(2) levels in NSCLC cell lines A549 and NCI-H1299 as did the COX-2 inhibitor DuP-697. In vitro, S-valproate, S-diclofenac and S-sulindac half-maximally inhibited the clonal growth of NCI-H1299 cells at 6, 6 and 15 microg/ml, respectively. Using the MTT assay, 10 microg/ml S-valproate, NO-aspirin and Cay10404, a selective COX-2 inhibitor, but not SC-560, a selective COX-1 inhibitor, inhibited the growth of A549 cells. In vivo, 18mg/kg i.p. of S-valproate and S-diclofenac, but not S-sulindac, significantly inhibited A549 or NCI-H1299 xenograft proliferation in nude mice, but had no effect on the nude mouse body weight. The mechanism by which S-valproate and S-diclofenac inhibited the growth of NSCLC cells was investigated. Nitric oxide-aspirin but not S-valproate caused apoptosis of NSCLC cells. By Western blot, S-valproate and S-diclofenac increased E-cadherin but reduced vimentin and ZEB1 (a transcriptional suppressor of E-cadherin) protein expression in NSCLC cells. Because S-valproate and S-diclofenac inhibit the growth of NSCLC cells and reduce PGE(2) levels, they may prove beneficial in the chemoprevention and/or therapy of NSCLC.
Topics: Anethole Trithione; Animals; Cadherins; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Proliferation; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; Diclofenac; Dinoprostone; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Humans; Isoxazoles; Lung Neoplasms; Mice; Mice, Nude; Neoplasm Transplantation; Pyrazoles; Sulfones; Valproic Acid
PubMed: 19628293
DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2009.06.012 -
Cancer Radiotherapie : Journal de La... Nov 2003During more than a half of century, numerous compounds have been tested in different models against radiation-induced cataract. In this report, we will review the... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study Review
During more than a half of century, numerous compounds have been tested in different models against radiation-induced cataract. In this report, we will review the radioprotectors that have been already tested for non-human crystalline lens protection. We will focus on the most important published studies in this topic and the mechanisms of cytoprotection reported in vitro and in vivo from animals. The most frequent mechanisms incriminated in the cytoprotective effect are: free radical scavenging, limitation of lipid peroxidation, modulation of cycle progression increase of intracellular reduced glutathion pool, reduction of DNA strand breaks and limitation of apoptotic cell death. Amifostine (or Ethyol) and anethole dithiolethione (or Sulfarlem), already used clinically as chemo- and radioprotectants, could be further tested for ocular radioprotection particularly for radiation-induced cataract.
Topics: Amifostine; Anethole Trithione; Animals; Apoptosis; Cataract; Cattle; Cell Cycle; Cells, Cultured; Clinical Trials as Topic; Cytoprotection; DNA Damage; Eye; Female; Fluorometry; Free Radical Scavengers; Humans; Lens, Crystalline; Lipid Peroxidation; Male; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Radiation Dosage; Radiation Injuries; Radiation Injuries, Experimental; Radiation-Protective Agents; Radiotherapy; Radiotherapy Dosage; Rats; Time Factors
PubMed: 15124544
DOI: No ID Found -
Free Radical Research Jun 2002alpha-Lipoic acid (LA), an antioxidant with broad neuroprotective capacity, is thought to act by scavenging reactive oxygen species and stimulation of glutathione...
alpha-Lipoic acid (LA), an antioxidant with broad neuroprotective capacity, is thought to act by scavenging reactive oxygen species and stimulation of glutathione synthesis. LA shows structural resemblance to dithiolethiones, like anethole dithiolethione (ADT). ADT protects against oxidative damage, primarily by induction of phase II detoxication enzymes, in particular NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase (NQO1) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST). Therefore, we investigated whether LA, like ADT, is capable also of inducing these protective enzymes. Our data show that LA, like ADT, induces a highly significant, time- and concentration dependent, increase in the activity of NQO1 and GST in C6 astroglial cells. The LA or ADT mediated induction of NQO1 was further confirmed by quantitative PCR and western blot analysis. This work for the first time unequivocally demonstrates LA mediated upregulation of phase II detoxication enzymes, which may highly contribute to the compounds' neuroprotective potential. Moreover, the data support the notion of a common mechanism of action of LA and ADT.
Topics: Anethole Trithione; Animals; Antioxidants; Astrocytes; Astrocytoma; Central Nervous System Neoplasms; Glutathione Transferase; Inactivation, Metabolic; NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase (Quinone); Neuroprotective Agents; Oxidoreductases; Rats; Thioctic Acid; Transferases; Tumor Cells, Cultured
PubMed: 12180195
DOI: 10.1080/10715760290029155 -
Scandinavian Journal of Rheumatology 1988The initial evaluation of 25 patients suspected of suffering from Sjögren's syndrome (SS) disclosed that sialopenia and glandular atrophy without focal sialo-adenitis... (Clinical Trial)
Clinical Trial
The initial evaluation of 25 patients suspected of suffering from Sjögren's syndrome (SS) disclosed that sialopenia and glandular atrophy without focal sialo-adenitis was the second most common cause, after SS itself, of patient complaints. This emphasizes the importance of conclusive diagnostic criteria to prevent overdiagnosis and to form a sound basis for management of xerostomia patients. We found that at the time of diagnostic evaluation, the dental status of our SS patients did not differ from that of the normal Finnish population. This suggests that SS patients can greatly benefit from adequate dental care, assuming that attention is paid to early diagnosis and management. Accordingly, the diagnostic and therapeutic approach needs to be multidisciplinary. We present our current programme for oral and dental care of xerostomia patients and the results of an open trial with Sulfarlem (trithioparamethoxyphenylpropene) which was found not to be the drug of choice in the treatment of dry mouth associated with SS.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Anethole Trithione; Biopsy; Clinical Trials as Topic; Dental Care; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Patient Care Planning; Salivary Glands; Sjogren's Syndrome; Xerostomia
PubMed: 3291100
DOI: 10.3109/03009748809098766 -
Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology Jul 1996Administration of anethol dithiolthione (ADT) to rodents can afford protection against some chemically induced toxicities. The aim of the present study was to assess the...
Administration of anethol dithiolthione (ADT) to rodents can afford protection against some chemically induced toxicities. The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of ADT on hexachloro-1,3-butadiene (HCBD)-induced nephrotoxicity in the rat and to determine the mechanism of its action. Renal integrity was evaluated by measuring urinary excretion of glucose, protein, and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and by histological evaluation. A 3-day pretreatment with ADT (300 mg/kg/day) protected against the toxicity of various doses of HCBD (ranging from 15.6 to 62.5 mg/kg). The pretreatment increased (1.4-fold) the nonprotein sulfhydryl content (NPSH) of the liver. However, it did not modify the biliary excretion of radiolabeled materials in [14C]HCBD- treated (20 mg/kg) rats, nor that of the bioactivated HCBD metabolite, S-(1,2,3,4,4-pentachloro-1,3-butadienyl)-glutathione (PCBG). Moreover, ADT pretreatment protected rats against the nephrotoxicity induced by PCBG (20 mg/kg) itself. The extent of covalent binding to kidney proteins of [14C]HCBD-derived metabolites was not modified by pretreatment with ADT. Incubation of rat kidney cortical slices in a medium containing 0.1 mM of the nephrotoxic glutathione (PCBG) or cysteine (PCBC, S-(1,2,3,4,4-pentachloro-1,3-butadienyl)-L-cysteine) conjugates of HCBD for 30 min resulted in a 75% reduction in the slice/medium ratio of p-aminohipurate (PAH) compared to that seen in controls. When the cortical slices were incubated with ADT (30 min, 0.2 mM) prior to incubation with the nephrotoxic conjugates, the reduction was only 33%. Neither the in vitro nor the in vivo treatments did modify the activity of renal cytosolic beta-lyase; however, the latter treatment caused an increase in NPSH content. A 15-min incubation of kidney cortical slices with glutathione (10 mM) resulted in a 5-fold increase of NPSH, but failed to prevent the reduction in PAH uptake caused by PCBG and PCBC. Altogether, the in vivo and renal slice data suggest that ADT protects rats against HCBD-induced nephrotoxicity by a mechanism that does not involve the modulation of HCBD conjugation with liver GSH, nor the modulation of the kidney NPSH level and beta-lyase activity. The mechanism of protection conferred to rats by an ADT pretreatment against HCBD-induced nephrotoxicity appears to take place in the kidney at a step beyond the generation of ultimate toxic metabolites derived from PCBC.
Topics: Anethole Trithione; Animals; Bile; Binding Sites; Butadienes; Cholagogues and Choleretics; Cysteine; Cytosol; Female; Fungicides, Industrial; Glutathione; Glycosuria; Kidney Cortex; Liver; Lyases; Proteinuria; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sulfhydryl Compounds; gamma-Glutamyltransferase; p-Aminohippuric Acid
PubMed: 8685901
DOI: 10.1006/taap.1996.0156 -
European Journal of Clinical... 1997The present study compares the effects of yohimbine, an alpha 2 adrenoceptor antagonist, and anetholtrithione, a reference drug in the treatment of dry mouth, in... (Clinical Trial)
Clinical Trial Comparative Study Randomized Controlled Trial
OBJECTIVE
The present study compares the effects of yohimbine, an alpha 2 adrenoceptor antagonist, and anetholtrithione, a reference drug in the treatment of dry mouth, in patients treated with psychotropic drugs (tricyclic antidepressants or neuroleptics) and suffering from xerostomia.
METHODS
Ten patients were included in a randomized, double-blind, cross-over study, and receiving after yohimbine (3 x 6 mg per day) or anetholtrithione (3 x 25 mg per day) orally for 5 days. Salivary secretion was estimated under resting conditions, before any drug, and then on day 6, 1 h after the ingestion of yohimbine or anetholtrithione.
RESULTS
Compared with basal secretion, the increase in salivary flow was significantly more marked after yohimbine than after anetholtrithione.
CONCLUSION
This study demonstrates the sialogenic effect of yohimbine in drug-induced dry mouth.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Adult; Anethole Trithione; Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic; Antipsychotic Agents; Cross-Over Studies; Depressive Disorder; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Saliva; Xerostomia; Yohimbine
PubMed: 9272401
DOI: 10.1007/s002280050298