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Current Opinion in Ophthalmology Apr 2002Primary angle-closure glaucoma is a leading cause of blindness worldwide. However, the terminology used for angle-closure in the literature is inconsistent, with... (Review)
Review
Primary angle-closure glaucoma is a leading cause of blindness worldwide. However, the terminology used for angle-closure in the literature is inconsistent, with inappropriate emphasis on symptomatology. A new nomenclature for primary angle-closure glaucoma focuses on the presence of end-organ damage and limits the use of the term "glaucoma" only for people who have suffered injury to the optic nerve. This review describes the various modalities of treatment for primary angle-closure glaucoma. The role and limitations of laser peripheral iridotomy in the management of the different forms of the disease are summarized. Recent developments have led to improvements in the understanding of the epidemiology, clinical course, and treatment of the condition.
Topics: Glaucoma, Angle-Closure; Humans
PubMed: 11880721
DOI: 10.1097/00055735-200204000-00006 -
Ophthalmology May 2019
Topics: Adult; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Fluorescein Angiography; Fundus Oculi; Glaucoma, Angle-Closure; Humans; Intraocular Pressure; Iridectomy; Retinal Vessels; Tomography, Optical Coherence; von Hippel-Lindau Disease
PubMed: 31005188
DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2019.02.009 -
Journal of Cataract and Refractive... Jul 2000
Topics: Aqueous Humor; Glaucoma, Angle-Closure; Humans; Intraocular Pressure; Iris; Laser Therapy; Lens Implantation, Intraocular; Phacoemulsification; Trabeculectomy
PubMed: 10946173
DOI: 10.1016/s0886-3350(00)00567-8 -
The British Journal of Ophthalmology Jul 2007Focused research is needed to reduce the prevalence of glaucoma in Asia
Focused research is needed to reduce the prevalence of glaucoma in Asia
Topics: Asia; Disease Progression; Glaucoma, Angle-Closure; Humans; Iris; Prevalence
PubMed: 17576702
DOI: 10.1136/bjo.2006.111435 -
Journal of Glaucoma Feb 2015To determine the frequency of angle closure in siblings of patients with primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG). (Observational Study)
Observational Study
PURPOSE
To determine the frequency of angle closure in siblings of patients with primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG).
METHODS
In this cross-sectional observational study, siblings of consecutive patients with PACG underwent a comprehensive ophthalmologic examination, including slit-lamp biomicroscopy, measurement of intraocular pressure, stereoscopic optic nerve head examination, and dynamic gonioscopy. Ultrasonic pachymetry was obtained in all subjects; peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness measurement by optical coherence tomography and standard achromatic perimetry were performed in subjects with angle closure, categorized as primary angle-closure suspect (PACS), primary angle closure (PAC), and PACG, or any suspicion of glaucoma in the presence of open angles.
RESULTS
Overall, 95 siblings from 47 families with at least 1 subject affected with PACG participated in the evaluations; 55 (57.9%) individuals were categorized within the spectrum of angle closure, including 34 (35.8%) subjects with PACS, 7 (7.4%)individuals with PAC, and 14 (14.7%) cases of PACG. Nine (9.5%) individuals with open angles demonstrated other abnormal features, these included 3 (3.2%) subjects with suspicious discs, 5 (5.3%) cases of primary open-angle glaucoma, and 1 patient (1.1%) with normal-tension glaucoma. The remaining 31 individuals (32.6%) had no evidence of glaucoma.
CONCLUSIONS
Our findings indicate familial segregation of angle closure. Siblings of PACG patients are at high risk for the condition, such that two thirds of them demonstrate clinical findings related to glaucoma. These observations suggest a hereditary basis for angle closure; therefore, siblings of patients affected with angle closure should undergo targeted screening for glaucoma.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Asian People; Cross-Sectional Studies; Family Health; Female; Glaucoma, Angle-Closure; Gonioscopy; Humans; Intraocular Pressure; Iran; Male; Middle Aged; Prevalence; Siblings; Tomography, Optical Coherence; Tonometry, Ocular; Visual Field Tests
PubMed: 25055212
DOI: 10.1097/IJG.0000000000000091 -
The Ulster Medical Journal Jan 2022
Topics: Acute Disease; Diabetes Mellitus; Glaucoma, Angle-Closure; Humans; Incidence; Northern Ireland
PubMed: 35169344
DOI: No ID Found -
Klinische Monatsblatter Fur... Jul 2011
Review
Topics: Diagnosis, Differential; Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological; Glaucoma, Angle-Closure; Humans
PubMed: 21739398
DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1280025 -
Journal of Glaucoma May 2023Ultrasound cyclo plasty (UCP) can be useful in decreasing the intraocular pressure (IOP) and burden of antiglaucoma medications in eyes with primary angle closure...
PRCIS
Ultrasound cyclo plasty (UCP) can be useful in decreasing the intraocular pressure (IOP) and burden of antiglaucoma medications in eyes with primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG). Nevertheless, baselines IOP was an important determinant for failure.
PURPOSE
To evaluate the intermediate-term outcomes of UCP in PACG.
METHODS
This retrospective cohort study included patients with PACG who underwent UCP. The main outcome measures were IOP, number of antiglaucoma medications, visual acuity, and presence of complications. The surgical outcomes of each eye were classified as a complete success, qualified success, or failure based on the main outcome measures. Cox regression analysis was performed to identify possible predictors for failure.
RESULTS
Sixty-two eyes of 56 patients were included in the study. The mean follow-up period was 28.81 months (±18.2). The IOP and number of antiglaucoma medications decreased from a mean of 23.03 (±6.4) mmHg and 3.42 (±0.9) to 15.57 (±6.4) mmHg and 2.04 (±1.3), respectively, in the 12 th month and to 14.22 (±5.0) mmHg and 1.91 (±1.5) in the 24 th month ( P <0.01 for all). The cumulative probabilities of overall success were 72.6±5.7% and 54.8±6.3% at 12 and 24 months, respectively. A high baseline IOP was associated with a higher risk of failure (hazard ratio=1.10, P =0.03). The most common complications were cataract development or progression (30.6%), rebound or prolonged anterior chamber reaction (8.1%), hypotony with choroidal detachment (3.2%), and phthisis bulbi (3.2%).
CONCLUSIONS
UCP offers reasonable 2-year IOP control and reduction of the antiglaucoma medication burden. However, counseling on possible postoperative complications is needed.
Topics: Humans; Intraocular Pressure; Glaucoma, Angle-Closure; Antiglaucoma Agents; Retrospective Studies; Glaucoma; Treatment Outcome; Follow-Up Studies
PubMed: 36795514
DOI: 10.1097/IJG.0000000000002182 -
Comprehensive Ophthalmology Update 2007Sulfonamide medications can cause an idiosyncratic reaction, resulting in acute transient myopia and acute angle-closure glaucoma. The risk of an adverse reaction to a... (Review)
Review
Sulfonamide medications can cause an idiosyncratic reaction, resulting in acute transient myopia and acute angle-closure glaucoma. The risk of an adverse reaction to a sulfonamide is approximately 3%, and the exact mechanism of the myopia and angle-closure glaucoma remains controversial. Typical clinical presentation includes bilateral involvement with blurring of vision that generally occurs over minutes to hours, nausea or vomiting, red eye, and headache. Examination may show conjunctival injection, corneal edema, anterior chamber inflammation, and flat or shallow anterior chamber. Diagnosis is based on clinical suspicion, although an ultrasound biomicroscopy may be helpful in diagnosing swelling of the ciliary body. Topiramate, a sulfa derivative, is used for the treatment of migraines or seizures. The side effects include acute myopia and angle-closure glaucoma. Treatment of this condition is primarily supportive along with discontinuation of the medication; topical miotics and peripheral iridectomy are not helpful. If intraocular pressure remains uncontrolled, additional therapies, such as topical intraocular pressure-lowering medications, high-dose steroids, and trabeculectomy, may need to be considered.
Topics: Acute Disease; Anticonvulsants; Fructose; Gastrointestinal Diseases; Glaucoma, Angle-Closure; Headache; Humans; Migraine Disorders; Myopia; Sulfonamides; Topiramate; Vision Disorders; Vision, Binocular
PubMed: 18201514
DOI: No ID Found -
The American Journal of Case Reports Nov 2021BACKGROUND Drug-induced acute angle closure glaucoma is an uncommon ocular emergency that may follow the administration of certain topical and systemic medications....
BACKGROUND Drug-induced acute angle closure glaucoma is an uncommon ocular emergency that may follow the administration of certain topical and systemic medications. Acute angle closure can be triggered by various classes of drugs, including adrenergic agonists, anticholinergics, and serotonergic medications. Here, we report a rare case of drug-induced acute angle closure glaucoma secondary to olanzapine. CASE REPORT A 59-year-old male patient of Arabian Peninsula descent, known to have schizophrenia, presented to our Emergency Department with a 3-day history of right ocular pain and decrease in vision. He was started recently on olanzapine 5 mg once daily by his psychiatrist 1 week prior to the onset of his symptoms. The diagnosis of drug-induced pupillary block was made based on clinical and radiological findings. The patient was started on topical and systemic IOP-lowering agents. A therapeutic Nd: YAG laser peripheral iridotomy for the right eye was performed. On follow-up, his symptoms alleviated and clinical examination showed significant improvement. CONCLUSIONS The reported case highlights the importance of systemic medical history in secondary acute angle closure glaucoma. Physicians from other specialties should be aware of drugs triggering pupillary block and therefore be able to educate patients about symptoms of acute angle closure glaucoma.
Topics: Glaucoma, Angle-Closure; Humans; Intraocular Pressure; Iris; Laser Therapy; Male; Middle Aged; Olanzapine
PubMed: 34803156
DOI: 10.12659/AJCR.934432